Question 1

Which of the following is not a role of activated complement?

Accepted Answer

A)  opsonization 
B)  enhancement of inflammation 
C)  insertion of MAC and cell lysis 
D)  prevention of immediate hypersensitivity reactions

Question 2

An autoimmune disease that severely impairs renal function is _ .

Accepted Answer

The answer of An autoimmune disease that severely impairs renal...

Question 3

Figure 21.1Using Figure 21.1, match the following:
-Constant region.

Accepted Answer

The answer of  Figure 21.1Using Figure 21.1, match the...

Question 4

Activated T cells and macrophages release _ to mobilize immune cells and attract other leukocytes into the area.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cytokines 
B)  Interleukin 1 proteins 
C)  Perforins 
D)  Interleukin 2 proteins

Question 5

Max is bitten by a rattlesnake while on a camping trip. His friends immediately apply ice packs to the bitten area to slow the spread of the protein- based toxin; they then rush him to an emergency facility. What treatment would be given and why?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Max is bitten by a rattlesnake while...

Question 6

Figure 21.1Using Figure 21.1, match the following:
-Variable region.

Accepted Answer

The answer of  Figure 21.1Using Figure 21.1, match the...

Question 7

Somatic recombination by B cells allows each B cell to form its own unique antibody genes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following is not a method by which antibodies work?

Accepted Answer

A)  agglutinating and precipitating antigen 
B)  neutralizing antigen 
C)  enhancing phagocytosis 
D)  direct cell lysis

Question 9

Monoclonal antibodies can be specific for several antigenic determinants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Why are regulatory T cells important to the immune process?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why are regulatory T cells important to...

Question 11

The antibody that becomes bound to mast cells and basophils and causes the cells to release histamine and other chemicals is .

Accepted Answer

The answer of The antibody that becomes bound to mast...

Question 12

Complement proteins and antibodies coat a microorganism and provide binding sites, enabling macrophages and neutrophils to phagocytize the organism. This phenomenon is termed _ .

Accepted Answer

A)  agglutination 
B)  opsonization 
C)  diapedesis 
D)  chemotaxis

Question 13

Which of the following is not a complement activation pathway?

Accepted Answer

A)  lectin pathway 
B)  classical pathway 
C)  alternative pathway 
D)  lactate pathway

Question 14

In clonal selection of B cells, which substance is responsible for determining which cells will eventually become cloned?

Accepted Answer

A)  interferon 
B)  complement 
C)  antigen 
D)  antibody

Question 15

Phagocyte mobilization involves .

Accepted Answer

A)  margination, which is the process of white cell movement through the walls of capillaries into injured tissues 
B)  mainly neutrophil and macrophage migration into inflamed areas 
C)  monocytes as the most active phagocyte 
D)  diapedesis, during which cells line up against the capillary wall

Question 16

Immunocompetence .

Accepted Answer

A)  prevents intercellular communication so that only specific cell types respond to the invader 
B)  occurs in one specific organ of the adaptive immune system 
C)  is the ability of individual cells to recognize a specific antigen by binding to it 
D)  requires exposure to an antigen

Question 17

Elderly people tend to develop cancer more frequently than younger people. Give an explanation for this observation that relates to immune function.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Elderly people tend to develop cancer more...

Question 18

When the white blood cell count is depressed, the classic signs of infection such as redness, heat, and swelling are not manifested. In this case, the nurse should avoid administering aspirin. Explain why.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When the white blood cell count is...

Question 19

A(n) is a cell hybrid formed from the fusion of tumor cells and B lymphocytes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n) is a cell hybrid formed from...

Question 20

Cancer cells and virus- infected body cells can be killed before activation of adaptive immunity by
)

Accepted Answer

A)  natural killer cells 
B)  pinocytosis 
C)  B lymphocytes 
D)  T lymphocytes

Exam 21: The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defensives