Question 1

When a particular trait appears in the F2 generation but not in the F1 generation, it is an indication that:

Accepted Answer

A)  a monohybrid cross is involved. 
B)  a dihybrid cross is involved. 
C)  true-breeding plants are involved. 
D)  the trait is recessive. 
E)  the trait is dominant.

Question 2

The notation pp indicates that a plant is homozygous dominant for that trait.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

If a red-flowered plant is crossed with a white-flowered plant and the offspring all have pink flowers, then most likely this is due to incomplete dominance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Polyploidy refers to the:

Accepted Answer

A)  loss of part of a chromosome. 
B)  gain of part of a chromosome. 
C)  gain or loss of some chromosomes. 
D)  gain of a complete set of chromosomes. 
E)  loss of a complete set of chromosomes.

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the synaptonemal complex is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It forms just before prophase. 
B)  It is associated with the formation of bivalents. 
C)  It connects the axial cores of homologs. 
D)  It disappears during prophase I. 
E)  It is associated with crossing-over.

Question 6

In snapdragons, a cross between a red-flowered plant and a white-flowered plant produces a plant with pink flowers. What offspring would you expect from a cross between two pink-flowered plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  All pink 
B)  1/2 pink and 1/2 white 
C)  1/2 pink and 1/2 red 
D)  1/4 red, 1/2 pink, 1/4 white 
E)  1/4 pink, 1/2 red, 1/4 white

Question 7

Consider a chromosome represented as ABCD·EFG, where · indicates the centromere. Suppose ultraviolet light causes the chromosome to change to ACBD·EFG. What type of mutation has occurred?

Accepted Answer

A)  duplication 
B)  inversion 
C)  deletion 
D)  translocation 
E)  transposon

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a possible cause of maternal inheritance?

Accepted Answer

A)  The generative cell receives neither plastids nor mitochondria from the microspore. 
B)  The generative cell receives plastids and mitochondria but they degenerate. 
C)  Plastids and mitochondria are excluded from generative and sperm cells. 
D)  Plastids and mitochondria are present in sperm cells but are not transmitted into the egg. 
E)  Plastids and mitochondria are present in sperm cells but only plastids are transmitted into the egg.

Question 9

Which of the following statements concerning histones is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are responsible for the folding of DNA. 
B)  They are present in four distinct types. 
C)  They are always present in chromatin. 
D)  They are synthesized during the S phase of the cell cycle. 
E)  They are positively charged.

Question 10

A mutation in a haploid cell is more likely to have an effect on phenotype than a mutation in a diploid cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Enzymes associated with the synthesis of DNA and RNA are part of the chromatin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following statements about transposons is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are also called "jumping genes." 
B)  They are movable genetic elements. 
C)  They may lead to mutation. 
D)  Plasmids can function as transposons. 
E)  They occur only in bacteria.

Question 13

A linkage map provides the approximate positions of the genes on a chromosome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The term "phenotype" refers to the appearance of an individual.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

When the phenotype of a heterozygote is intermediate between the phenotypes of its homozygous parents, the condition is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  pleiotropy. 
B)  aneuploidy. 
C)  epistasis. 
D)  polygenic inheritance. 
E)  incomplete dominance.

Question 16

Nuclear envelopes form around single-stranded chromosomes during:

Accepted Answer

A)  telophase II. 
B)  metaphase I. 
C)  prophase I. 
D)  telophase I. 
E)  metaphase II.

Question 17

In peas, the dominant alleles A and B must be present for purple flower pigment to be produced; otherwise the flowers are white. What offspring would you expect from a cross between plants of genotypes Aabb and aaBb?

Accepted Answer

A)  one purple: three white 
B)  three purple: one white 
C)  one purple: one white 
D)  nine purple: two white 
E)  two purple: three white

Question 18

Cytoplasmic inheritance refers to genes located in mitochondria or plastids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

In peas, green pod color is dominant over yellow pod color. If a plant heterozygous for pod color is crossed with a plant homozygous recessive for pod color, what phenotypes would you expect in the offspring?

Accepted Answer

A)  all with green pods 
B)  all with yellow pods 
C)  half with green pods and half with yellow pods 
D)  three-quarters with green pods and 1/4 with yellow pods 
E)  one-quarter with green pods and 3/4 with yellow pods

Question 20

A translocation occurs when parts of two nonhomologous chromosomes are exchanged.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 8: Sexual Reproduction and Heredity

When a particular trait appears in the F₂ generation but not in the F₁ generation, it is an indication that:

The notation pp indicates that a plant is homozygous dominant for that trait.

If a red-flowered plant is crossed with a white-flowered plant and the offspring all have pink flowers, then most likely this is due to incomplete dominance.

Polyploidy refers to the:

Which of the following statements about the synaptonemal complex is FALSE?

In snapdragons, a cross between a red-flowered plant and a white-flowered plant produces a plant with pink flowers. What offspring would you expect from a cross between two pink-flowered plants?

Consider a chromosome represented as ABCD·EFG, where · indicates the centromere. Suppose ultraviolet light causes the chromosome to change to ACBD·EFG. What type of mutation has occurred?

Which of the following is NOT a possible cause of maternal inheritance?

Which of the following statements concerning histones is FALSE?

A mutation in a haploid cell is more likely to have an effect on phenotype than a mutation in a diploid cell.

Enzymes associated with the synthesis of DNA and RNA are part of the chromatin.

Which of the following statements about transposons is FALSE?

A linkage map provides the approximate positions of the genes on a chromosome.

The term "phenotype" refers to the appearance of an individual.

When the phenotype of a heterozygote is intermediate between the phenotypes of its homozygous parents, the condition is known as:

Nuclear envelopes form around single-stranded chromosomes during:

In peas, the dominant alleles A and B must be present for purple flower pigment to be produced; otherwise the flowers are white. What offspring would you expect from a cross between plants of genotypes Aabb and aaBb?

Cytoplasmic inheritance refers to genes located in mitochondria or plastids.

In peas, green pod color is dominant over yellow pod color. If a plant heterozygous for pod color is crossed with a plant homozygous recessive for pod color, what phenotypes would you expect in the offspring?

A translocation occurs when parts of two nonhomologous chromosomes are exchanged.