Question 1

A speaker can begin a speech with high credibility but end the speech with low credibility.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

False cause, or post hoc ergo propter hoc, is an error in reasoning in which a speaker mistakenly assumes that because two things are similar in one respect, they are similar in all respects.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The two major elements ologos are evidence and emotional appeal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

According to your textbook, a fallacy is a

Accepted Answer

A)  a kind of appeal to emotion. 
B)  an inductive argument. 
C)  another name for a syllogism. 
D)  a strong argument. 
E)  an error in reasoning.

Question 5

According to your textbook, using evidence in a persuasive speech can

Accepted Answer

A)  increase the speaker's credibility. 
B)  inoculate listeners against counterpersuasion. 
C)  compensate for fallacious reasoning. 
D)  all of the above. 
E)  a and b only.

Question 6

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example owhat type ofallacy?
People who oppose the governor's new welfare program are all a bunch oselfish rich people who don't have any concern for those less fortunate than themselves.

Accepted Answer

A)  bandwagon 
B)  invalid analogy 
C)  hasty generalization 
D)  ad hominem 
E)  false cause

Question 7

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example owhat type ofallacy?
The mayor was re-elected with a large majority and continues to have high popularity in the polls. Clearly, then, he has the correct policy on police-community relations.

Accepted Answer

A)  bandwagon 
B)  invalid analogy 
C)  hasty generalization 
D)  ad hominem 
E)  false cause

Question 8

What error in reasoning is exemplified by the following statement?
A random survey o20 adults coming out osubway stations in New York City revealed that 16 considered owning a car to be olittle importance. Clearly, 80 percent oAmericans don't care much about owning cars.

Accepted Answer

A)  hasty generalization 
B)  faulty deduction 
C)  false cause 
D)  invalid analogy 
E)  circular thinking

Question 9

The _______________ fallacy mistakenly assumes that because something is popular, it is therefore good, correct, or desirable.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _______________ fallacy mistakenly assumes that because...

Question 10

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example othe fallacy o_______________ : We should buy the new toothpaste I saw advertised. Because it's new, it will definitely be better than ours.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to your textbook, the following statement...

Question 11

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example owhat type ofallacy?
The best-tasting cola is obviously Coke. More people buy Coke than any other brand.

Accepted Answer

A)  bandwagon 
B)  appeal to loyalty 
C)  invalid syllogism 
D)  appeal to tradition 
E)  either-or

Question 12

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example owhat type ofallacy?
We are spending too much time talking about regulating the cable TV industry while other countries are beating us in technological development.

Accepted Answer

A)  slippery slope 
B)  bandwagon 
C)  either-or 
D)  red herring 
E)  invalid analogy

Question 13

What kind oreasoning is used in the following statement?
We should be taking every step we can to protect our health. Getting vaccinated against bacterial meningitis will help protect our health. Therefore, each ous should get vaccinated against bacterial meningitis.

Accepted Answer

A)  reasoning from cause 
B)  reasoning from prudence 
C)  reasoning from specific instances 
D)  reasoning from principle 
E)  reasoning from safety

Question 14

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example othe _______________ fallacy: You will be sorry iyou allow employees to take time ofto aid sick family members. First they will want time ofto help spouses and children. Then they will skip work to help parents and grandparents. Before you know it, they will be gone for nephews and cousins, and you won't have anyone around to do their jobs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to your textbook, the following statement...

Question 15

To say that analogical cases must be essentially alike means that they must be similar enough that what is true oone is also true othe other.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

According to your textbook, the fallacy oappeal to novelty assumes

Accepted Answer

A)  that unfamiliar evidence will be most persuasive to listeners. 
B)  that something new is automatically better than something old. 
C)  that unique examples are superior to familiar ones. 
D)  all of the above. 
E)  a and b only.

Question 17

Evidence from biased or self-interested sources is more persuasive than evidence from impartial sources.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

A red herring fallacy

Accepted Answer

A)  assumes that because two things are related in time, they are causally linked. 
B)  forces listeners to choose between two alternatives when more than two alternatives exist. 
C)  assumes that because something is popular, it is therefore good, correct, or desirable. 
D)  introduces an irrelevant issue to divert attention from the subject under discussion. 
E)  assumes that taking a first step will inevitably lead to other steps that cannot be prevented.

Question 19

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example owhat type ofallacy?
Hannah makes a good argument in favor oproviding economic benefits for same-sex couples, but what else would you expect from someone who is openly gay?

Accepted Answer

A)  invalid analogy 
B)  post hoc, ergo propter hoc 
C)  hasty generalization 
D)  ad hominem 
E)  either-or

Question 20

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example owhat type ofallacy?
Did you hear about the new vacuum cleaner on the market? We should get it, because it's has to be better than the older ones.

Accepted Answer

A)  appeal to novelty 
B)  circular appeal 
C)  slippery slope 
D)  false analogy 
E)  bandwagon

Exam 17: Methods Opersuasion

A speaker can begin a speech with high credibility but end the speech with low credibility.

False cause, or post hoc ergo propter hoc, is an error in reasoning in which a speaker mistakenly assumes that because two things are similar in one respect, they are similar in all respects.

The two major elements ologos are evidence and emotional appeal.

According to your textbook, a fallacy is a

According to your textbook, using evidence in a persuasive speech can

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example owhat type ofallacy? People who oppose the governor's new welfare program are all a bunch oselfish rich people who don't have any concern for those less fortunate than themselves.

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example owhat type ofallacy? The mayor was re-elected with a large majority and continues to have high popularity in the polls. Clearly, then, he has the correct policy on police-community relations.

What error in reasoning is exemplified by the following statement? A random survey o20 adults coming out osubway stations in New York City revealed that 16 considered owning a car to be olittle importance. Clearly, 80 percent oAmericans don't care much about owning cars.

The _______________ fallacy mistakenly assumes that because something is popular, it is therefore good, correct, or desirable.

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example othe fallacy o_______________ : We should buy the new toothpaste I saw advertised. Because it's new, it will definitely be better than ours.

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example owhat type ofallacy? The best-tasting cola is obviously Coke. More people buy Coke than any other brand.

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example owhat type ofallacy? We are spending too much time talking about regulating the cable TV industry while other countries are beating us in technological development.

What kind oreasoning is used in the following statement? We should be taking every step we can to protect our health. Getting vaccinated against bacterial meningitis will help protect our health. Therefore, each ous should get vaccinated against bacterial meningitis.

To say that analogical cases must be essentially alike means that they must be similar enough that what is true oone is also true othe other.

According to your textbook, the fallacy oappeal to novelty assumes

Evidence from biased or self-interested sources is more persuasive than evidence from impartial sources.

A red herring fallacy

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example owhat type ofallacy? Hannah makes a good argument in favor oproviding economic benefits for same-sex couples, but what else would you expect from someone who is openly gay?

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example owhat type ofallacy? Did you hear about the new vacuum cleaner on the market? We should get it, because it's has to be better than the older ones.