Question 1

Dr. Marcell conducted a memory experiment in which he investigated the role of mental imagery on recall. The participants were told that their memory for words would be tested, but they were not informed about the imagery manipulation prior to participating.

Accepted Answer

A)  this is an ethically acceptable use of passive deception 
B)  this is an ethically acceptable use of active deception 
C)  this is an unethical experiment 
D)  according to APA guidelines, no informed consent was actually necessary in this experiment

Question 2

By utilizing ______ , keeping participant's identity unknown, we are also keeping their information ______because we are unable to reveal information connected to the participant.

Accepted Answer

A)  consent; privacy 
B)  anonymity; confidential 
C)  confidentiality; anonymous 
D)  active consent; private

Question 3

The influence of congress on which studies are funded is important in understanding the relationship between science and society. It is also important to consider this relationship when evaluating

Accepted Answer

A)  research protocols 
B)  research participants 
C)  research ethics 
D)  research methodology

Question 4

Although research misconduct raises important ethical issues, a research psychologist's most fundamental ethical concern is

Accepted Answer

A)  seeking knowledge first and foremost. 
B)  making sure his or her research topic is morally correct. 
C)  detecting deception on the part of colleagues. 
D)  the treatment of human and animal research participants.

Question 5

IRB reviews research with human participants while_______ reviews research with animal participants.

Accepted Answer

A)  IACUC 
B)  ACUC 
C)  UACUC 
D)  DACUC

Question 6

According to the APA guideline for animal research, all workers involved in behavioral testing of animals

Accepted Answer

A)  must weigh over 150 lbs. 
B)  must be trained in all phases care, maintenance, and handling of the species. 
C)  must be at least a graduate student under direct supervision of a trained Ph.D. or D.V.M. 
D)  have no responsibilities or training, but must report to a responsible investigator.

Question 7

Studies that are granted_____ reviews by IRB involve no more than minimal risk, while studies that are granted______ reviews by IRB involve more than minimal risk.

Accepted Answer

A)  expedited; full board 
B)  full board; expedited 
C)  exempt; expedited 
D)  expedited; exempt

Question 8

Research misconduct can include which of the following

Accepted Answer

A)  fabrication 
B)  falsification 
C)  plagiarism 
D)  all of the above

Question 9

Electric shock may be used in studies of learning with rats if certain conditions are met. According to the APA guidelines for animal research which of the following is NOT one of those conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)  alternative procedures are not available 
B)  the minimum level of effective shock is used 
C)  the experimenters test the shock on themselves first 
D)  the animals are sedated during the procedure

Question 10

Which of the following is the most difficult part of conducting research over the internet?

Accepted Answer

A)  informed consent 
B)  privacy 
C)  debriefing 
D)  confidentiality

Question 11

Confidentiality is defined as:

Accepted Answer

A)  the scientists must respect the confidential nature of experimental data. Data must never be shared with other researchers. 
B)  experimenters must be confident in their procedures before ever running a subject 
C)  participant responses must remain confidential in that they should not be shared with anyone outside the study 
D)  all data must be stored in a cabinet within a brown paper bag

Question 12

Animal rights groups focus on the notion that animals have the same rights as humans and should not be used in research. Animal researchers are concerned with animal welfare, which focuses on

Accepted Answer

A)  providing animals with the minimum necessities to support life. 
B)  designing experiments so as to yield the clearest possible results. 
C)  improving laboratory conditions for research animals and reducing the number of animals needed in research. 
D)  replacing animals with computer models and dummies.

Question 13

Evaluating the_______ -______ ratio helps us to decide if the to the__________ participant is less than the _______of the knowledge gained from the research.

Accepted Answer

A)  benefit; cost 
B)  hurtful; helpful 
C)  disadvantage; advantage 
D)  cost; benefit

Question 14

Sometimes it is impossible to "inform" the participant fully at the beginning of an experiment because

Accepted Answer

A)  participants really don't want information 
B)  disclosing all information about the experiment might influence participants' behavior and invalidate the experiment. 
C)  participants cannot always guarantee their ability to come to all sessions of an experiment. 
D)  the research design being used is too sophisticated for participants to understand.

Question 15

If a study conducted over the Internet requires informed consent, there are three issues that must be solved. Which of the following is NOT one of these three Internet related issues.

Accepted Answer

A)  providing the appropriate information to the participants 
B)  ensuring that the participants comprehend the information given 
C)  obtaining the participants consent 
D)  obtaining photographs of all participants

Question 16

If an investigator believes that the research might compromise the rights and welfare of the participants, the investigator should seek advice from others, such as an IRB. The ultimate responsibility for the conduct of the experiment lies with the

Accepted Answer

A)  IRB. 
B)  researcher's assistants. 
C)  researcher. 
D)  participants.

Question 17

Which of the following is true regarding authorship on scientific papers?

Accepted Answer

A)  it is important that everyone who contributes to the paper receive authorship 
B)  only one person can be listed as an author on most scientific papers 
C)  only individuals making significant contributions to the writing, conceptualization, or design of the study should receive authorship. Individuals performing subsidiary tasks 
D)  writing scientific papers is not widely valued and so questions of authorship are irrelevant 
E) g., collecting data) are typically referenced in a footnote

Question 18

Some fear that the use of deception in psychological experiments leads to distrust of the field of psychology, is an unnecessary invasion of privacy, and is a denial of self-determination. Follow-up studies of research participants have shown

Accepted Answer

A)  the above fears are well founded. 
B)  participants do not mind deception and accept it as necessary for good research. 
C)  participants who were deceived reported less educational benefit than those not deceived. 
D)  participants who were deceived enjoyed the experience less than those who were not deceived.

Question 19

Using informed consent at part of a research study adheres to which of the following APA general moral principles?

Accepted Answer

A)  beneficence, integrity, and respect 
B)  fidelity, integrity, and respect 
C)  nonmaleficence, beneficence, and justice 
D)  justice, beneficence, and responsibility

Question 20

An informed consent form would likely contain all of the following statements EXCEPT?

Accepted Answer

A)  you are not required to participate, but if you begin the study you are required to finish it 
B)  your information will remain confidential and if the research is published all of your identifying information will be removed 
C)  this research has been approved by the university's Institutional Review Board 
D)  if you have any questions you should contact Dr. X at xxx-xxxx.

Exam 4: Ethics