Question 1

The thymus produces , a hormone that stimulates the maturation of specialized white blood cells called T cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  testosterone 
B)  ACTH 
C)  insulin 
D)  thyroxine 
E)  thymosin

Question 2

In paracrine communication, paracrine glands secrete their products directly into the bloodstream.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Iodized salt provides the essential nutrient iodine. Iodine is important in preventing

Accepted Answer

A)  gigantism. 
B)  high blood pressure. 
C)  a goiter. 
D)  diabetes. 
E)  menstrual cramps.

Question 4

Your boss calls you at midnight to say that you must give a major presentation to clients the following morning. Which gland is stimulated to produce hormones as you begin frantically working on your presentation, and what hormones are produced?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Your boss calls you at midnight to...

Question 5

Peptide hormones such as insulin cannot pass through the plasma membrane so they bind to receptors on the target cell's surface, triggering the production of second messengers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Neurosecretory cells connect the hypothalamus directly to the posterior pituitary.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Mineralocorticoids from the adrenal gland, such as aldosterone, regulate salt metabolism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Oxytocin and ADH are produced by the neurosecretory cells of the hypothalamus; however, they are stored in and released from the

Accepted Answer

A)  adrenal medulla. 
B)  pancreas. 
C)  parathyroid. 
D)  posterior pituitary. 
E)  thyroid.

Question 9

Anabolic steroids are synthetic steroid hormones that bind to testosterone receptors and stimulate muscle development. This appeals to your weight- lifting roommate who promptly orders the drug online. How would you dissuade your roommate from taking the drug?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Anabolic steroids are synthetic steroid hormones that...

Question 10

Why do hormones affect some cells but not others?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why do hormones affect some cells but...

Question 11

Endocrine glands secrete their products

Accepted Answer

A)  into a synapse. 
B)  into a gap junction. 
C)  into ducts that open into a body cavity. 
D)  into interstitial fluid. 
E)  directly into target cells.

Question 12

How do endocrine hormones affect their target cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  They cause changes in cell metabolism only. 
B)  They stimulate the synthesis of glycogen. 
C)  They cause changes in cell metabolism and/or gene transcription. 
D)  They affect gene transcription only. 
E)  They increase the permeability of the target cell.

Question 13

As TSH levels increase, thyroxine levels should decrease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Endocrine communication depends on

Accepted Answer

A)  chemicals secreted through ducts. 
B)  chemicals secreted into the blood for delivery. 
C)  cytoplasmic movement through gap junctions. 
D)  electrical signals within individual cells. 
E)  target cells not binding to a hormone.

Question 15

Which of the following triggers the release of calcium from bones?

Accepted Answer

A)  Insulin 
B)  Calcitonin 
C)  Prolactin 
D)  Parathyroid hormone 
E)  Oxytocin

Question 16

Cortisol and aldosterone are secreted by the .

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cortisol and aldosterone are secreted by the...

Question 17

Aldosterone release is stimulated by

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased levels of blood sodium. 
B)  increased blood glucose concentrations. 
C)  increased levels of blood sodium. 
D)  decreased blood glucose concentrations. 
E)  increased levels of growth hormone.

Question 18

Blood glucose levels are regulated by glucagon and insulin, two hormones produced by the pituitary gland.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

When a blood vessel is damaged, platelets adhere to the damaged site and release chemicals, which attract additional platelets. Thus, platelet attraction is considered to be a feedback mechanism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When a blood vessel is damaged, platelets...

Question 20

Which of these hormones does the posterior pituitary release?

Accepted Answer

A)  ADH 
B)  Gonadotropins 
C)  Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) 
D)  Growth hormone 
E)  Cortisol

Exam 38: Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The thymus produces , a hormone that stimulates the maturation of specialized white blood cells called T cells.

In paracrine communication, paracrine glands secrete their products directly into the bloodstream.

Iodized salt provides the essential nutrient iodine. Iodine is important in preventing

Your boss calls you at midnight to say that you must give a major presentation to clients the following morning. Which gland is stimulated to produce hormones as you begin frantically working on your presentation, and what hormones are produced?

Peptide hormones such as insulin cannot pass through the plasma membrane so they bind to receptors on the target cell's surface, triggering the production of second messengers.

Neurosecretory cells connect the hypothalamus directly to the posterior pituitary.

Mineralocorticoids from the adrenal gland, such as aldosterone, regulate salt metabolism.

Oxytocin and ADH are produced by the neurosecretory cells of the hypothalamus; however, they are stored in and released from the

Anabolic steroids are synthetic steroid hormones that bind to testosterone receptors and stimulate muscle development. This appeals to your weight- lifting roommate who promptly orders the drug online. How would you dissuade your roommate from taking the drug?

Why do hormones affect some cells but not others?

Endocrine glands secrete their products

How do endocrine hormones affect their target cells?

As TSH levels increase, thyroxine levels should decrease.

Endocrine communication depends on

Which of the following triggers the release of calcium from bones?

Cortisol and aldosterone are secreted by the .

Aldosterone release is stimulated by

Blood glucose levels are regulated by glucagon and insulin, two hormones produced by the pituitary gland.

When a blood vessel is damaged, platelets adhere to the damaged site and release chemicals, which attract additional platelets. Thus, platelet attraction is considered to be a feedback mechanism.

Which of these hormones does the posterior pituitary release?