Question 1

Briefly describe how a seed develops from the ovule.

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Question 2

Endosperm has allowed the angiosperms to become the most numerous and diverse plant group. What is the role of the endosperm?

Accepted Answer

A)  It ejects and disperses seeds after they mature. 
B)  It is a type of male gamete. 
C)  It is the ripened ovary tissue involved in seed dispersal and protection. 
D)  It is the hard outer seed coat that protects the embryo. 
E)  It provides nutrition for the developing embryo, therefore increasing survival rates.

Question 3

Commercials on TV use food and sex as their most effective selling points. Explain how flowers use the same two points to "sell" their pollen to animals.

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Question 4

A fruit is a mature

Accepted Answer

A)  cotyledon. 
B)  integument. 
C)  embryo. 
D)  endosperm. 
E)  ovary.

Question 5

The first leaves produced by an embryo while still inside the seed are

Accepted Answer

A)  coleoptiles. 
B)  epicotyls. 
C)  embryo sacs. 
D)  endosperms. 
E)  cotyledons.

Question 6

The sexual life cycle of plants is described as alternation of generations because it alternates between

Accepted Answer

A)  sporophytes and gametophytes. 
B)  male plants and female plants. 
C)  reproductive plants and vegetative plants. 
D)  flowers and spores. 
E)  eggs and sperm.

Question 7

The sporophyte produces

Accepted Answer

A)  gametes by mitosis. 
B)  spores by meiosis. 
C)  spores by mitosis. 
D)  gametes by mitosis, followed by meiosis. 
E)  gametes by meiosis.

Question 8

In the ovule, which two cells (with a total of three nuclei) are fertilized?

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Question 9

What are the advantages of producing gametes within a flower?

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Question 10

All of these flower structures are modified leaves EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  pollen. 
B)  sepals. 
C)  stamens. 
D)  petals. 
E)  carpels.

Question 11

When a seed germinates, what usually emerges from the seed coat first? Why?

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Question 12

In flowering plants, the sperm does not have to swim to the egg. The sperm reaches the eggs by

Accepted Answer

A)  digestion of the seed coat. 
B)  burrowing through the embryo sac wall. 
C)  cell division within the spore case. 
D)  wind pollination. 
E)  a pollen tube.

Question 13

During a late- summer walk through a park, you notice a tree that has remnants of many flowers but no fruits or seeds developing. There are no other trees like this one in the area. What could explain this occurrence?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a male tree with only male flowers that produce pollen, but no seed, and hence does not form fruit. 
B)  It is actually a gymnosperm, not an angiosperm. 
C)  It is a female tree, and there are no known male trees of the same species in the area. 
D)  It is a species that reproduces only by runners, not via fruits (or the seeds they contain).

Question 14

What is the function of the stigma of a flower?

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Question 15

Based on the figure, the must have contained two nuclei before fertilization.

Accepted Answer

A)  zygote 
B)  embryo 
C)  integument cell 
D)  central cell

Question 16

What are the results of double fertilization?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diploid zygote and diploid endosperm 
B)  Embryo sac and pollen sac 
C)  Egg cell and sperm cell 
D)  Triploid endosperm and diploid zygote 
E)  A zygote and an embryo

Question 17

Cotyledons and endosperm both provide nutrition. What is the difference between them?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cotyledons are found only in flowering plants; endosperm is found only in young ferns. 
B)  Cotyledons provide nutrition for the developing embryo; endosperm provides nutrition for the young seedling. 
C)  Endosperm provides nutrition for the developing embryo; cotyledons provide nutrition for the young seedling. 
D)  Endosperm is found only in monocots; cotyledons are found only in dicots. 
E)  Endosperm is always photosynthetic; cotyledons are usually not.

Question 18

In temperate deciduous forests, most of the small flowers that grow on the forest floor must complete their life cycle quickly before tree leaves shade out most of the light. Many of these plants reproduce asexually by runners. What advantages does this have for such plants?

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Question 19

While walking along a riverbank after a swim, you step on a sharp fruit. When you pick it up, you notice that it rattles, which indicates there is an air pocket around the seeds. How is this fruit most likely dispersed?

Accepted Answer

A)  Clinging to animals 
B)  Being eaten by animals 
C)  Water 
D)  Wind 
E)  Explosively propelled

Question 20

Describe the process of alternation of generations in plants.

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Exam 45: Plant Reproduction and Development