Question 1

Imagine that you are an exercise class leader in a residential complex for older adults.What could you do to promote social support for exercise for your clients?

Accepted Answer

Social support may be promoted through a variety of means including: encouraging acceptance of exercise class members,taking time to allow class members to get to know one another to promote quality friendships,encouraging a buddy system or engaging in activities which require the support or interaction between class members and,encouraging spouses to enroll together.

Question 2

Dysfunctional thought patterns are most closely associated with .

Accepted Answer

A)  arousal regulation
B)  the behavioural model
C)  the cognitive model
D)  goal- setting C

Question 3

Any event that increases responding is called _ _ whereas any event that decreases responding is called _.

Accepted Answer

A)  shaping; reinforcement
B)  shaping; extinction
C)  positive reinforcement; negative reinforcement
D)  reinforcement; punishment D

Question 4

An individual who has been exercising regularly for less than 6 months can be classified in the Maintenance stage of behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Perceived behavioral control

Accepted Answer

A)  accounts for many potential barriers to exercise.
B)  is hypothesized to have a "dual" influence on exercise behavior.
C)  is conceptually similar to self- efficacy and self- determination.
D)  All of the above

Question 6

The model is concerned with how a person thinks and not the environment that person is in.

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioural
B)  psychophysiological
C)  cognitive
D)  cognitive behavioural

Question 7

Rachel is a 28- year- old exerciser.She began engaging in regular exercise about 3 months ago.Using the transtheoretical model as a guiding framework,identify which stage of change Rachel is currently in.Using additional information found in TTM,identify other characteristics associated with Rachel's stage of change which influence her physical activity behaviour.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Rachel is a 28- year- old exerciser.She...

Question 8

According to the transtheoretical model,how do shifts in behaviour occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Through processes of change
B)  Precontemplation
C)  Through intention
D)  Through self- efficacy

Question 9

Which of the following predictors of sport commitment would you be least likely to promote if you were trying to promote the most positive experience for the athlete?

Accepted Answer

A)  Social support
B)  Sport enjoyment
C)  Social constraints
D)  Involvement opportunities

Question 10

Pat has mastered imagery techniques in his sport.As his coach,you could help Pat use imagery to enhance which of the following sources of his self- efficacy beliefs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Physiological/affective states
B)  Past performances
C)  Vicarious experiences
D)  Social persuasion

Question 11

As a coach,you want to foster your athletes' commitment to sport.Which of the following is often found to be the strongest predictor of sport commitment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sport enjoyment
B)  Social constraints
C)  Involvement opportunities
D)  Personal investments

Question 12

Learning from others behaviours is associated with which theory of motivation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Basic needs theory
B)  Social cognitive theory
C)  Theory of planned behaviour
D)  Sport commitment model

Question 13

A fitness leader who wants to facilitate an exercise environment that promotes human growth and development.According to self- determination theory,what dimensions of interpersonal style should the fitness leader adopt?

Accepted Answer

A)  Involvement,ego orientation,attitudinal control
B)  Involvement,perceived behavioral control,and task mastery orientation
C)  Autonomy support,structure,involvement
D)  Autonomy support,structure,and subjective norms

Question 14

The transtheoretical model suggests that movement through the stages is always linear.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The extent to which an individual feels (s)he will be successful in performing a desired behavior reflects the psychological construct of

Accepted Answer

A)  outcome expectation.
B)  self- determination.
C)  intention.
D)  self- efficacy.

Question 16

As a physical activity promotion expert,you are looking further understand the role that attitudes toward physical activity has on behaviour.What theoretical perspective could you adopt to investigate this question?

Accepted Answer

A)  Social cognitive theory
B)  Health belief model
C)  All of the above
D)  None of the above

Question 17

The meta- analyses focused on the theory of planned behaviour suggested that:

Accepted Answer

A)  intention may predict other health behaviours,but is not a good predictor of physical activity.
B)  attitudes is the weakest correlate of intention.
C)  the association between intention and behaviour weakens after one week.
D)  None of the above

Question 18

Based on the theory of planned behaviour,describe how attitudes are formed and list the most common exercise attitudes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Based on the theory of planned behaviour,describe...

Question 19

Athletes with high ego orientations may not be satisfied if training in a mastery- oriented environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

How might the determinants of commitment be different for exercise than for sport participation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How might the determinants of commitment be...

Exam 4: Motivation and Behavioural Change

Imagine that you are an exercise class leader in a residential complex for older adults.What could you do to promote social support for exercise for your clients?

Dysfunctional thought patterns are most closely associated with .

Any event that increases responding is called _ _ whereas any event that decreases responding is called _.

An individual who has been exercising regularly for less than 6 months can be classified in the Maintenance stage of behaviour.

Perceived behavioral control

The model is concerned with how a person thinks and not the environment that person is in.

According to the transtheoretical model,how do shifts in behaviour occur?

Which of the following predictors of sport commitment would you be least likely to promote if you were trying to promote the most positive experience for the athlete?

Pat has mastered imagery techniques in his sport.As his coach,you could help Pat use imagery to enhance which of the following sources of his self- efficacy beliefs?

As a coach,you want to foster your athletes' commitment to sport.Which of the following is often found to be the strongest predictor of sport commitment?

Learning from others behaviours is associated with which theory of motivation?

A fitness leader who wants to facilitate an exercise environment that promotes human growth and development.According to self- determination theory,what dimensions of interpersonal style should the fitness leader adopt?

The transtheoretical model suggests that movement through the stages is always linear.

The extent to which an individual feels (s) he will be successful in performing a desired behavior reflects the psychological construct of

As a physical activity promotion expert,you are looking further understand the role that attitudes toward physical activity has on behaviour.What theoretical perspective could you adopt to investigate this question?

The meta- analyses focused on the theory of planned behaviour suggested that:

Based on the theory of planned behaviour,describe how attitudes are formed and list the most common exercise attitudes.

Athletes with high ego orientations may not be satisfied if training in a mastery- oriented environment.

How might the determinants of commitment be different for exercise than for sport participation?