Question 1

A 30-year-old male was involved in a motor vehicle accident.The glass from the shattered window cut his face and neck.The scar, however, was raised and extended beyond the original boundaries of the wound.This pattern of scarring is caused by impaired:

Accepted Answer

A)  nutritional status. 
B)  collagen synthesis. 
C)  epithelialization. 
D)  contraction.

Question 2

The nurse identified each of the following clinical manifestations of inflammation.Which would the nurse classify as a local response? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Fever 
B)  Redness 
C)  Swelling 
D)  Heat 
E)  Pain

Question 3

A 3 year old is making play cakes in a sandbox and is eating the play cakes.The sand was also being used by cats as a litter box and was contaminated with toxoplasmosis.Which of the following would most likely also be present?

Accepted Answer

A)  Granuloma formation 
B)  Degranulation 
C)  Blood clots 
D)  Exudate production

Question 4

When phagocytes begin to stick avidly to capillary walls, which process is occurring?

Accepted Answer

A)  Margination 
B)  Exudation 
C)  Integration 
D)  Emigration

Question 5

A 65-year-old female is diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer.She has developed muscle wasting.Which of the following substances would be produced in large quantities to eliminate the tumor cells and cause muscle wasting?

Accepted Answer

A)  Interleukin-6 
B)  Eosinophils 
C)  Tumor necrosis factor-alpha 
D)  Platelets

Question 6

Biochemical secretions that trap and kill microorganisms include:

Accepted Answer

A)  hormones. 
B)  neurotransmitters. 
C)  earwax. 
D)  gastric acid.

Question 7

A 35-year-old male is diagnosed with lobar pneumonia (lung infection).Which of the following exudates would be present in highest concentration at the site of this advanced inflammatory response?

Accepted Answer

A)  Serous 
B)  Purulent 
C)  Hemorrhagic 
D)  Fibrinous

Question 8

A nurse is preparing to teach on the subject of opsonins.Which information should the nurse include? Opsonins are molecules that:

Accepted Answer

A)  are composed of fatty acids. 
B)  regulate inflammation. 
C)  degranulate mast cells. 
D)  enhance phagocytosis.

Question 9

The nurse is reviewing the lab data of a newly admitted patient.The nurse notes the patient had an erythrocyte sedimentation done, and the results are quite elevated.The nurse would focus the care plan on which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anemia 
B)  Infection 
C)  Inflammation 
D)  Electrolyte imbalance

Question 10

A 5-year-old male is diagnosed with a bacterial infection.Cultures of the bacteria revealed lipopolysaccharides on the bacterial cell surface.Which of the complement pathways would be activated in this case?

Accepted Answer

A)  Classical pathway 
B)  Lectin pathway 
C)  Alternative pathway 
D)  Kinin pathway

Question 11

The predominant phagocyte of early inflammation is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  eosinophil. 
B)  neutrophil. 
C)  lymphocyte. 
D)  macrophage.

Question 12

After teaching the staff about the clotting system, which statement indicates the teaching was successful? The end product of the clotting system is:

Accepted Answer

A)  plasmin. 
B)  fibrin. 
C)  collagen. 
D)  factor X.

Question 13

Which statement indicates teaching was successful regarding collectins? Collectins are produced by the:

Accepted Answer

A)  kidneys. 
B)  bowel. 
C)  lungs. 
D)  integument.

Question 14

When an aide asks the nurse about the purpose of the inflammatory process, how should the nurse respond?

Accepted Answer

A)  To provide specific responses toward antigens. 
B)  To lyse cell membranes of microorganisms. 
C)  To prevent infection of the injured tissue. 
D)  To create immunity against subsequent tissue injury.

Question 15

An 8-year-old female presents with edema of the cutaneous and mucosal tissue layers.Her mother reports that the condition is recurrent and seems to occur more often during stressful situations.The child is diagnosed with hereditary angioedema.Which of the following is deficient in this child?

Accepted Answer

A)  C1 esterase inhibitor 
B)  Carboxypeptidase 
C)  Neutrophils 
D)  Plasmin

Question 16

Which statement indicates teaching was successful regarding the classical pathway of the complement system? The classical pathway of the complement system is activated by:

Accepted Answer

A)  histamine. 
B)  antigen-antibody complexes. 
C)  leukotrienes. 
D)  prostaglandins.

Question 17

A child fell off a swing and scraped his right knee.The injured area becomes painful.What else will the nurse observe upon assessment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vasoconstriction at injured site 
B)  Decreased RBC concentration at injured site 
C)  Pale skin at injured site 
D)  Edema at injured site

Exam 6: Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing