Question 1

A nurse was becoming very frustrated at the ongoing stream of farmworkers with respiratory problems each spring.Which action should be taken by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

A)  Provide community education on herbicides and other chemicals spread each spring with information on self-protective measures,such as respirators
B)  Fight to get farmers to quit spreading chemicals on their fields each spring
C)  Suggest that farmers spray water on the fields immediately after the chemicals are spread to reduce dust in the air
D)  Tell farm workers to obtain different employment
E)  Try to get farmers to reduce the amount of chemicals used on their fields. A

Question 2

Which factors result in rural residents having less access to health care than urban dwellers? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Employment opportunities may be low paying and seasonal
B)  There are greater distances to travel and limited choice of health care providers
C)  Health care providers prefer to work in higher-paying urban settings
D)  Rural residents are less likely to have health insurance
E)  Rural persons' economic resources are tied up in land,not easily accessible cashF) Rural persons believe in self-sufficiency and self-care,not asking others for help. A,B,C,D

Question 3

Which employment opportunities are among the most dangerous?

Accepted Answer

A)  Food processing,textiles,and transportation
B)  Highway construction,ranching,and public utilities
C)  Large mechanized factory positions
D)  Mining,forestry,and fishing D

Question 4

Which is the most frequent cause of farm fatalities and nonfatal injuries?

Accepted Answer

A)  Manure pits (methane poison) 
B)  Power take-off augers
C)  Storage silos
D)  Tractors
E)  Very old and barely functioning trucks

Question 5

Which statement best describes how firearm injuries are different in rural areas as compared with urban areas?

Accepted Answer

A)  In rural areas,firearm deaths occur more frequently because of purposeful,rather than accidental,shooting
B)  In rural areas,firearm injuries occur more frequently in the home
C)  In rural areas,firearm injuries occur more frequently during official hunting season,whereas the frequency does not vary in urban areas
D)  In rural areas,firearm injuries are more frequently fatal than in urban areas.

Question 6

Which is particularly prevalent in rural areas (more so than in urban areas)of the South?

Accepted Answer

A)  Falls and motor vehicle accidents
B)  Less use of seatbelts and more drinking of alcohol
C)  Obesity and sedentary lifestyle
D)  Suicide and homicide

Question 7

Which do expert rural nurses report as benefits of their work? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Ability to develop close relationships and give holistic care
B)  Being able to practice in the community where one lives
C)  Constant challenges
D)  Continual growth as an expert generalist
E)  Higher salary than in urban areasF) Intensity of purpose

Question 8

A woman stumbled into the rural health clinic and explained that she had an incredible headache.She was sweating and began vomiting into the wastebasket by the intake nurse's desk.Which diagnosis should be anticipated by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acute adult panic disorder
B)  Acute alcohol intoxication
C)  Acute appendicitis
D)  Acute meningitis
E)  Acute pesticide poisoning

Question 9

Which best describes why for-profit managed care organizations (MCOs)have not begun to move into rural areas to increase the number of persons served? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  High startup and administrative costs are needed
B)  A large number of elderly are on Medicare or Medicaid,which results in low reimbursement
C)  Managed care has not yet had time to go beyond major population centers
D)  MCOs are waiting until federal reimbursements for underserved rural health areas become higher
E)  The population is too small and too spread outF) Rural health areas are too geographically unattractive and lack any recreational possibilities for managers to want to work there.

Question 10

A public health nurse is working in a rural clinic.On the basis of risk,which would be the priority group for care?

Accepted Answer

A)  African American adults
B)  Adolescents
C)  Elderly women who live alone
D)  Migrant and seasonal farmworkers (MSFW)

Question 11

Which best describes a proposed strategy to address the lack of health care professionals in rural communities?

Accepted Answer

A)  Advertise that there are more men than women in many rural areas to attract female nurses who want to be wives and mothers
B)  Offer free housing and office space to a professional who will come to live in the community
C)  Pay extremely high salaries to professionals willing to relocate
D)  Support local students obtaining an education while continuing to live at home

Question 12

A nurse has written a research proposal studying how technology can be used in innovative ways in rural areas to improve patient outcomes.Which should the nurse contact about funding opportunities? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Research Centers Program
B)  Health and Human Services Department (HHS) 
C)  Health Resources and Services Administration (HRS
A)  
D)  Federal Office of Rural Health Policy
E)  Rural Health Research GatewayF) The Center for Rural Health at a local university

Question 13

In comparison with mental health care in urban areas,which best describes how mental health care in rural areas differs? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Access to care is more limited or not available at all locally
B)  Cost for treatment is typically reimbursed at a lower rate
C)  Depression is frequently not recognized or is not treated
D)  Ethnic and racial disparities exist
E)  Primary health care professionals accept responsibility for mental health treatmentF) The suicide rate is notably higher.

Question 14

-Which best describes the purpose of the core-based statistical areas (CBSA)system?

Accepted Answer

A)  To reflect trends in population distribution across the county
B)  To differentiate between urban and metropolitan areas
C)  To emphasize the importance of noncare areas
D)  To report the demographic characteristics of those living in the area

Question 15

Which best explains why there are so few hospitals in rural areas?

Accepted Answer

A)  Few nurses and physicians enjoy the rural lifestyle
B)  Historically,hospitals began in large urban areas and have slowly expanded outward but have not yet reached all rural areas
C)  Rural areas have very low population density
D)  Rural residents do not trust hospitals,preferring to receive care from neighbors and friends.

Question 16

A nurse saw there was a need for a hospice facility in a rural area,because so many of the residents were quite elderly and death was common.Which best explains why the community would not immediately see the wisdom of the nurse's suggestion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Change is always difficult; the nurse just needs to keep reinforcing the need for such a facility
B)  The nurse did not tell residents how much their taxes would need to go up to support such a facility
C)  Residents were fearful of confronting death in such an open way
D)  Rural residents prefer to use their informal social support networks when help is needed.

Question 17

From which causes are rural residents twice as likely to die from in comparison with urban residents?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chronic diseases,especially cardiac problems and cancers
B)  Diabetes from the higher incidence of obesity
C)  Respiratory diseases (from pesticides and herbicides) 
D)  Unintentional injuries

Question 18

Which difference is found in parish nursing in a rural area as opposed to parish nursing in an urban area?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rural parish nurses are less likely to be involved in case management or care coordination than their urban counterparts
B)  Rural residents are more grateful for the nurse's assistance because there are so few health resources in rural areas
C)  Rural residents are typically less committed to traditional values or a strong religious faith
D)  Rural residents may discuss health concerns with the nurse wherever they meet,whether in church or the local market.

Question 19

Which best describes why there are more long-term consequences (such as death)to a driver injured in a truck accident in a rural area than a driver injured in a truck accident in an urban area? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Rural drivers are more likely to speed over long distances than urban drivers
B)  Rural drivers are not as skilled with vehicles as urban drivers,so they are more severely injured in a crash
C)  The urban driver is taken immediately for care,whereas the rural driver might be injured on an isolated field and not found by anyone for hours
D)  Urban drivers are more likely to use their seat belts than rural drivers
E)  Urban drivers are probably rushed to an emergency department,whereas the rural driver lives far away from emergency services,often over bad roads and possibly through severe weatherF) Urban drivers trade their vehicles in rather frequently,whereas rural drivers keep their vehicles for as long as they can make them run,so the vehicles are much less roadworthy.

Question 20

Which would be true for a county to be defined as having persistent poverty?

Accepted Answer

A)  Being in poverty over the last 10 years
B)  Being in poverty over the last 20 years
C)  Being in poverty over the last 25 years
D)  Being in poverty over the last 30 years

Exam 24: Rural and Migrant Health