Question 1

According to ________ theories of aging,social institutions that favor those who have the most economic power are the source of many of the problems of aging.

Accepted Answer

A)  social conflict 
B)  functionalist 
C)  social psychological 
D)  life course

Question 2

Most individuals over 65 years of age

Accepted Answer

A)  lead active,independent lives. 
B)  suffer from mental disabilities. 
C)  are foreign-born. 
D)  suffer from arthritis.

Question 3

Given the high proportion of women now in the workforce whose young children play together in day-care centers and preschool,_______ is/are more important than ever before.

Accepted Answer

A)  the extended family 
B)  the nuclear family 
C)  the peer group 
D)  babysitters

Question 4

This term refers to the process of self-development through which we formulate a unique sense of ourselves and our relationship to the world around us.

Accepted Answer

A)  individual identity 
B)  generalized identity 
C)  social identity 
D)  self-identity

Question 5

According to Piaget,the first three stages of cognitive development (sensorimotor,preoperational,and concrete operational)are universal,but some adults never reach the fourth stage (formal operational).According to the text,"The development of formal operational thoughts depends in part on one's education,which may foster abstract reasoning." In three to four sentences,hypothesize why you think that might be.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Piaget,the first three stages of...

Question 6

Functionalists argue that social roles

Accepted Answer

A)  change every few generations. 
B)  are related to social power. 
C)  are the same in all societies. 
D)  remain relatively stable.

Question 7

The learning of gender roles through social factors such as the family and the media is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  gender socialization. 
B)  gender typing. 
C)  gender fluidity. 
D)  gender binary.

Question 8

Compared to the old old and the oldest old,the young old are most likely to be economically independent,healthy,and active.These differences are not only due to the effects of aging,but they also reflect the fact that

Accepted Answer

A)  the young old came of age during the post-World War II period of strong economic growth. 
B)  the young old grew up with social norms that emphasized independence and hard work. 
C)  the young old have better health care and nutrition. 
D)  the young old are more politically active.

Question 9

In which exchange is the child's speech egocentric?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adult: "I like hot dogs." Child: "I'll trade you my hot dog for your cookie." 
B)  Adult: "I like hot dogs." Child: "I like hamburgers better." 
C)  Adult: "I like hot dogs." Child: "I like real dogs better." 
D)  Adult: "I like hot dogs." Child: "I like fire engines."

Question 10

Gender socialization begins at

Accepted Answer

A)  infancy. 
B)  toddlerhood. 
C)  early adolescence. 
D)  adolescence.

Question 11

Given the elderly people you know,distinguish which theory of aging (activity theory,disengagement theory,or conflict theory)you think best explains the situation of most elderly people in today's society.Explain your answer in three to four sentences.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Given the elderly people you know,distinguish which...

Question 12

In which context is primary socialization MOST likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  families 
B)  schools 
C)  peer groups 
D)  workplaces

Question 13

In second grade,Reina was earning A's on her math tests,which included multiplication and division.According to Jean Piaget,what stage of cognitive development is Reina in?

Accepted Answer

A)  the preoperational stage 
B)  the concrete operational stage 
C)  the formal operational stage 
D)  the generalized other stage

Question 14

At age three Emily was beginning to master her spoken language,but she was also able to use her hands to speak some words in sign language.According to Jean Piaget,what stage of cognitive development was Emily in?

Accepted Answer

A)  concrete operational 
B)  preoperational 
C)  formal operational 
D)  egocentric

Question 15

Critics of functionalist theories of aging argue that these theories

Accepted Answer

A)  place too much emphasis on the importance of the elderly in modern societies. 
B)  emphasize the need for the elderly to adjust to existing societal conditions rather than participate in changing them. 
C)  give too much agency to the elderly in defining their own role in society. 
D)  focus too little on racial inequalities affecting the elderly.

Question 16

By what age do children generally have a partial understanding of what gender is?

Accepted Answer

A)  ten 
B)  at birth 
C)  five 
D)  two

Question 17

Sociologists argue that social and geographic mobility have affected our self-identities in which way?

Accepted Answer

A)  Our self-identities are more multifaceted. 
B)  Our self-identities are more rigid and unchanging. 
C)  We have a difficult time forming self-identities. 
D)  Our social identities are overwhelming our self-identities.

Question 18

Among the elderly,which group is most likely to experience poor health,isolation,and economic insecurity?

Accepted Answer

A)  young old 
B)  old old 
C)  middle old 
D)  oldest old

Question 19

The discipline concerned with the study of the social aspects of aging is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  social gerontology. 
B)  social chronology. 
C)  age studies. 
D)  elder studies.

Question 20

Which theorist do you believe provides a more accurate explanation of child development today: George Herbert Mead or Jean Piaget? Explain in three to four sentences.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which theorist do you believe provides a...

Exam 3: Socialization,the Life Course,and Aging