Question 1

If you foolishly cram before final exams, missing several nights' sleep, what is MOST likely to happen to your sleep cycles the first time you get uninterrupted sleep? You will _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  have more than the usual amount of REM sleep.
B)  have more than the usual amount of non-REM sleep.
C)  sleep more hours than usual, and get an equal amount of REM and non-REM sleep.
D)  have nightmares about being kicked out of college. A

Question 2

The repair/restoration theory of sleep says that sleep serves _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  a recuperative function following depletion of key brain and body resources
B)  to protect animals from predators and restore the balance of nature
C)  to conserve energy for use the following day
D)  cognitive functions like memory consolidation A

Question 3

Durango was very angry with his stepmother, and wished she were dead.That night Durango dreamed that he pushed her off a cliff.According to Freud, the latent content of Durango's dream would be _____, while the manifest content would be _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  pushing her off the cliff; wishing she were dead
B)  wishing she were dead; pushing her off the cliff
C)  pushing her off the cliff; angry feelings
D)  angry feelings; wishing she were dead B

Question 4

The _____ theory states that dreams are byproducts of random stimulation of brain cells, whereas the _____ view suggests dreams serve an information processing function and help us sift through our everyday experiences and thoughts.

Accepted Answer

A)  biological; learning
B)  cognitive; wish-fulfillment
C)  activation-synthesis; cognitive
D)  psychodynamic; infodynamic

Question 5

A famous video from the internet recounts a study where students are tossing a basketball around while a man dressed in a gorilla costume walks through their game.Amazingly, many people watching the video are completely unaware of the ape-like figure.This demonstrates a curious psychological phenomenon called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  dissociative identity disorder
B)  deep-brain hypnosis
C)  stream of consciousness
D)  inattentional blindness

Question 6

Which of the following most supports the growth/restoration theory of sleep?

Accepted Answer

A)  the taller we get, the more sleep we need
B)  dreams occur more in our older years than in our younger years
C)  we sleep less as we age
D)  children spend less time in REM during school months when compared to non-school months

Question 7

Your assignment in Journalism 101 is to research hypnosis.Which of the following statements would be most ACCURATE to include in your report?

Accepted Answer

A)  People can be hypnotized against their will by a good hypnotist
B)  When under hypnosis, a person will comply with any suggestion from the hypnotist, including one that goes against their deeply held moral beliefs.
C)  Some parts of a person's recall memory may be improved, but the number of errors made under hypnosis increases.
D)  People under hypnosis can do things that require superhuman strength, while people who are not hypnotized cannot.

Question 8

Just before sleep, brain waves move from _____ waves, indicating normal wakefulness, to _____ waves associated with drowsy relaxation.

Accepted Answer

A)  beta; alpha
B)  theta; delta
C)  alpha; beta
D)  sigma; chi

Question 9

In mid-sentence, your friend suddenly slumps over on the couch and appears to have entered the REM stage of sleep.Which of the following is the BEST explanation for your friend's behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  Your friend suffers from epilepsy and just had a seizure.
B)  Your friend suffers from narcolepsy and should seek medical attention.
C)  You are boring, and should take a class in social speaking skills.
D)  Your friend did not get enough sleep last night and should go to bed.

Question 10

Opiates are used to achieve _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  pain relief
B)  increased energy
C)  hallucinations
D)  a hypnotic state

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of REM sleep?

Accepted Answer

A)  genital arousal may occur
B)  muscles are deeply relaxed
C)  most dreams occur here
D)  a mixture of theta and delta waves occur in the brain

Question 12

Degenerated neurons in certain parts of the brain have been observed in dogs with _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  narcolepsy
B)  REM behavior disorder
C)  cataplexy
D)  parasomnia

Question 13

Sleepwalking is MOST likely to occur in _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  adults
B)  hypnagogic sleep
C)  the deepest stage of NREM sleep
D)  REM sleep

Question 14

_____ occur during stage three of non-REM sleep and are characterized by intense physiological arousal and a state of panic.

Accepted Answer

A)  Narcoleptic fits
B)  Nightmares
C)  Apnea episodes
D)  Night terrors

Question 15

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are no common themes in men and women's dreams.
B)  Women are more likely than men to dream about strangers or achievement.
C)  There are some cultural commonalities in dream themes.
D)  Men are more likely than women to dream about children or family members.

Question 16

The idea that dreams are the byproduct of random stimulation of brain cells, and that the brain attempts to combine this spontaneous activity into coherent patterns, is known as the _____ hypothesis of dreaming.

Accepted Answer

A)  wish fulfillment
B)  activation-synthesis
C)  random-convergent
D)  brain stimulation

Question 17

Pat is dreaming about a stranger who is carrying a weapon.According to research on gender and dream content, it is MOST likely that Pat is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  female
B)  male
C)  androgynous
D)  transgender

Question 18

_____ act on the nervous system to increase its overall activity and general responsiveness.

Accepted Answer

A)  Hallucinogens
B)  Stimulants
C)  Alcoholic beverages
D)  Psychoactive drugs

Question 19

The condition that compels someone to use a specific drug or engage in a certain kind of compulsive activity is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  drug abuse
B)  addiction
C)  cross-tolerance
D)  drug tolerance

Question 20

A drug that has a molecular structure similar to the body's own neurotransmitter is called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  an alpha drug
B)  an agonist
C)  a psychoactive drug
D)  an antagonist

Exam 5: States of Consciousness