Question 1

If you were to visit the Fedor home in the middle of the day,you would find 1-year-old Vlad playing close to his mother.Your presence would upset him,and his mother would have difficulty comforting him.If she left the room briefly,he would be extremely upset,but he would seem to both seek and avoid her when she returned.Vlad most likely would be classified as having a(n)________ form of attachment.

Accepted Answer

A)  avoidant 
B)  disorganized 
C)  secure 
D)  ambivalent

Question 2

Which of the following is the best example of contingent responsiveness?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nine-month-old Isabella avoids her mother's eyes and seems drowsy, so her mother ceases their game of peek-a-boo and allows Isabella to go to sleep. 
B)  The Svenson family's plan for caring for their infant hinges on care being provided by a member of the family so that the child is never left with strangers. 
C)  Four-year-old Andrew asks to have his training wheels removed, and his father complies. 
D)  Ralph and Rhonda believe that responding too quickly will spoil their child.

Question 3

What is the Strange Situation test and what does it measure? Describe the set up and what you would look for if you were the researcher.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the Strange Situation test and...

Question 4

All of the following statements about parenting and early infant care in Canada are true EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  extended parental leave benefits have allowed more parents to stay at home with their child for the first year after birth. 
B)  since parental leave now includes fathers, more fathers than ever before are taking parental leave to care for their infants/children. 
C)  the average parental leave patterns for parenting in Canada are currently 6 months for fathers and 1 year for mothers. 
D)  the province of Quebec pays the highest parental leave benefits, with no wait time, of all the provinces and territories.

Question 5

Describe the main elements of attachment theory from an ethologist's perspective.How do the bonds that form in infancy impact later aspects of one's development?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the main elements of attachment theory...

Question 6

Once secure attachment is established in the first two years of life,nothing,not even major life losses or traumas,can change it.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Harlow's experiment demonstrated that feeding is the most important factor in the development of attachment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Pederson and Moran from the University of Western Ontario changed Ainsworth's Strange Situation research in one important way.They

Accepted Answer

A)  observed mother-infant interactions in their homes. 
B)  added fathers to the experiment. 
C)  only studied infants with secure attachments. 
D)  brought the child's toys from home into the laboratory.

Question 9

Given what is known about the effects of daycare on children's development,what advice would you give a friend who has to return to work and must find care for her child? How would you advise a friend for whom returning to work is an option but not a necessity?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Given what is known about the effects...

Question 10

The infant temperament spectrum identified by Thomas and Chess includes all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  easy temperament 
B)  ambivalent temperament 
C)  difficult temperament 
D)  slow-to-warm-up temperament

Question 11

Basil has developed a consistent routine for his child.This has enabled the child to be able to adapt to new situations and feel a level of comfort,which adds to the child's cheerful disposition.The temperament of the child could be described as a slow-to-warm-up temperament.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Mary Ainsworth's attachment assessment procedure,the Strange Situation,consisted of

Accepted Answer

A)  adults wearing masks with a variety of common emotional expressions in order to assess infants' social referencing skills. 
B)  assessing children's reactions while gradually introducing them into daycare settings through progressively longer visits. 
C)  a series of episodes involving various combinations of an infant, the infant's mother, and a stranger together in a room. 
D)  evaluations of infants reared solely by one parent.

Question 13

Parents should expect their child to begin to protest being left with an unfamiliar babysitter when the child is approximately

Accepted Answer

A)  6 months old. 
B)  1 year old. 
C)  2 months old. 
D)  9 months old.

Question 14

By age 5,most children have a clear model of their primary caretaker,a self model,and a model or blueprint for relationships.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

At 2,Giovanna knows her name,knows that she is a girl and that she is a big sister.Psychologists would say that Giovanna is in the ________ stage of self-concept development.

Accepted Answer

A)  cataloguing 
B)  subjective self 
C)  existential self 
D)  objective self

Question 16

Depressed mothers can be just as effective and responsive as non-depressed mothers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Changes to the Federal Employment Insurance Act in 2000 have extended the length of benefit payments for parental leave,which has encouraged more parents to stay at home for the first year of their child's life.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The reciprocal pattern of signalling and responding through which infants indicate their needs and adults respond is called ________ by developmentalists.

Accepted Answer

A)  "attaching" 
B)  "synchrony" 
C)  "rhythm" 
D)  "bonding"

Question 19

The five key aspects of temperament that encompass issues such as sociability,activity levels,emotional reactivity,and self-regulation are called the ________ of temperament.

Accepted Answer

A)  domains 
B)  ranges 
C)  dimensions 
D)  measurements

Question 20

The degree to which a child's temperament is adaptable to his environment is called

Accepted Answer

A)  survival of the fittest. 
B)  goodness of fit. 
C)  niche-picking. 
D)  temperament matching.

Exam 6: Social and Personality Development in Infancy

Which of the following is the best example of contingent responsiveness?

What is the Strange Situation test and what does it measure? Describe the set up and what you would look for if you were the researcher.

All of the following statements about parenting and early infant care in Canada are true EXCEPT

Describe the main elements of attachment theory from an ethologist's perspective.How do the bonds that form in infancy impact later aspects of one's development?

Once secure attachment is established in the first two years of life,nothing,not even major life losses or traumas,can change it.

Harlow's experiment demonstrated that feeding is the most important factor in the development of attachment.

Pederson and Moran from the University of Western Ontario changed Ainsworth's Strange Situation research in one important way.They

Given what is known about the effects of daycare on children's development,what advice would you give a friend who has to return to work and must find care for her child? How would you advise a friend for whom returning to work is an option but not a necessity?

The infant temperament spectrum identified by Thomas and Chess includes all of the following EXCEPT

Basil has developed a consistent routine for his child.This has enabled the child to be able to adapt to new situations and feel a level of comfort,which adds to the child's cheerful disposition.The temperament of the child could be described as a slow-to-warm-up temperament.

Mary Ainsworth's attachment assessment procedure,the Strange Situation,consisted of

Parents should expect their child to begin to protest being left with an unfamiliar babysitter when the child is approximately

By age 5,most children have a clear model of their primary caretaker,a self model,and a model or blueprint for relationships.

At 2,Giovanna knows her name,knows that she is a girl and that she is a big sister.Psychologists would say that Giovanna is in the ________ stage of self-concept development.

Depressed mothers can be just as effective and responsive as non-depressed mothers.

Changes to the Federal Employment Insurance Act in 2000 have extended the length of benefit payments for parental leave,which has encouraged more parents to stay at home for the first year of their child's life.

The reciprocal pattern of signalling and responding through which infants indicate their needs and adults respond is called ________ by developmentalists.

The five key aspects of temperament that encompass issues such as sociability,activity levels,emotional reactivity,and self-regulation are called the ________ of temperament.

The degree to which a child's temperament is adaptable to his environment is called