Question 1

Consuming alcohol is:

Accepted Answer

A)   positively related to engaging in violent behavior.
B)   negatively related to engaging in violent behavior.
C)   randomly related to engaging in violent behavior.
D)   related to engaging in violent behavior in an unknown and unknowable fashion.
E)   none of the above. A

Question 2

After 1970, using, abusing, and being addicted to heroin:

Accepted Answer

A)   increased the likelihood of committing a violent crime.
B)   decreased the likelihood of committing a violent crime.
C)   was unrelated to the likelihood of committing a violent crime.
D)   was unknown with respect to the likelihood of committing a violent crime.
E)   none of the above. A

Question 3

Among women, as the volume of cocaine consumed increases, the likelihood of being the victim of a crime:

Accepted Answer

A)   increases.
B)   decreases.
C)   remains the same.
D)   remains unknown and unknowable.
E)   none of the above. A

Question 4

In our attempt to understand the relationship between drug use and criminal behavior, which would the researcher hypothesize is the dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

A)   drug use
B)   criminal behavior
C)   both, equally
D)   neither
E)   none of the above

Question 5

The relationship between committing a crime and being a victim of a crime is:

Accepted Answer

A)   positive.
B)   negative.
C)   random.
D)   unknown.
E)   none of the above.

Question 6

The early studies of narcotic addiction that put forward the validity the enslavement or economic-compulsive model argued for a particular change in the drug law. What was this change that they proposed, why did they see it as a conclusion of their research, and what political consequences did their arguments have? Which well-known sociologists were associated with this position?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The early studies of narcotic addiction that...

Question 7

During the 1990s, the crime rate in the United States declined sharply and precipitously. Do you think that changes in rates of drug use and abuse play any role in this decline? Explain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During the 1990s, the crime rate in...

Question 8

What theories or models best explain the relationship between alcohol and violence?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What theories or models best explain the...

Question 9

The relationship between alcohol consumption and criminal behavior is:

Accepted Answer

A)   positive.
B)   negative.
C)   random.
D)   unknown and unknowable.
E)   none of the above.

Question 10

How have the explanations by drug researchers concerning the relationship between heroin addiction and violence evolved over time? What was the previous model and what is the current model? Why have these models changed?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How have the explanations by drug researchers...

Question 11

Drug researchers have proposed three models or explanations for the drug-crime nexus. Which one is the most adequate in explaining this link?

Accepted Answer

A)   the enslavement model
B)   the predisposition model
C)   the intensification model
D)   All are equally adequate in explaining this link.
E)   All are equally inadequate in explaining this link.

Question 12

Which of the following models most adequately explains the drugs-violence nexus?

Accepted Answer

A)   the economic-compulsive model
B)   the psychopharmacological model
C)   the systemic model
D)   All of these models are equally adequate in explaining this nexus.
E)   All of these models are equally inadequate in explaining this nexus.

Question 13

Drug researchers have proposed three models of the connection or link between drug use and criminal behavior. What are they, how are they different, and which one seems to be most adequate in explaining this connection?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Drug researchers have proposed three models of...

Question 14

People arrested for a crime:

Accepted Answer

A)   are significantly more likely than the population at large to have recently used one or more psychoactive drugs.
B)   are significantly less likely than the population at large to have recently used one or more psychoactive drugs.
C)   have the same likelihood of having recently taken one or more psychoactive drugs than is true of the population at large.
D)   have an unknown and unknowable likelihood of having taken one or more psychoactive drugs.
E)   none of the above.

Question 15

Do surveys (such as MTF and NSDUH) that ask questions about drug use and crime verify other sources of information on the drugs-crime nexus, such as arrest data and surveys on drug-abusing or criminal sectors of the population? Be detailed and specific.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Do surveys (such as MTF and NSDUH)...

Question 16

During the past two decades, the purity of cocaine sold on the street in the U.S.:

Accepted Answer

A)   has increased.
B)   has decreased.
C)   has remained stable.
D)   remains unknown.
E)   none of the above.

Question 17

What is the role of cocaine in violent behavior?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the role of cocaine in...

Question 18

The use of certain drugs is more criminogenic than that of others, that is, it is statistically more closely related to criminal behavior. Which of the following are the big three drugs with respect to the relationship between using psychoactive substances and committing crime?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ecstasy, GHB, and Rohypnol
B)   marijuana, LSD, and tobacco
C)   alcohol, cocaine, and narcotics
D)   sedatives, hypnotics, and tranquilizers
E)   antipsychotics, antidepressants, and benzodiazepines

Question 19

During the past two decades, the price of cocaine sold on the street in the United States:

Accepted Answer