Question 1

Dr. Akita is designing a test to measure sociability. She writes items that seem directly and obviously related to sociability, such as "I like to go to parties" and "I enjoy the company of other people." Dr. Akita is using the ________ method of test construction.

Accepted Answer

A)  empirical 
B)  factor analytic 
C)  rational 
D)  projective

Question 2

What term refers to personality inventories that are designed to measure a wide range of traits?

Accepted Answer

A)  big bandwidth inventories 
B)  high-fidelity inventories 
C)  omnibus inventories 
D)  Big Seven inventories

Question 3

The ________ is the most widely used personality inventory in the world.

Accepted Answer

A)  MMPI 
B)  CPI 
C)  BFI 
D)  NEO

Question 4

The factor analytic technique of test construction is designed to

Accepted Answer

A)  identify individuals who are attempting to lie or sabotage a test. 
B)  identify groups of test items that seem to be alike. 
C)  identify items that mean the same thing to the respondent as they do to the researcher. 
D)  create projective tests.

Question 5

Imagine that you could draw a line through the points on a scatter plot depicting the relation between X and Y that slopes upward from left to right. Which of the following is a possible value for the correlation coefficient that you would compute from these data?

Accepted Answer

A)  -1.0 
B)  -.5 
C)  0 
D)  1.0

Question 6

Using the Binomial Effect Size Display, if there is a correlation of .30 between drinking alcohol and the likelihood of having a car accident, then out of 100 people who have been drinking, you would expect ________ of them to have an accident.

Accepted Answer

A)  100 
B)  45 
C)  90 
D)  65

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT one of the concerns associated with the practice of null-hypothesis significance testing?

Accepted Answer

A)  A statistically significant result is not necessarily important or meaningful. 
B)  The smaller the sample size, the easier it is to find a significant effect. 
C)  The criterion for a significant result (p < .05) is arbitrary. 
D)  The p-value is easy to interpret and its logic is easy to describe.

Question 8

According to the text, which of the following can serve as a remedy for questionable research practices?

Accepted Answer

A)  open science 
B)  closed science 
C)  p-hacking 
D)  experimental study designs

Question 9

What is null-hypothesis significance testing? What does a p-value tell researchers? What are the potential limitations of relying solely on this approach to data analysis?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is null-hypothesis significance testing? What does...

Question 10

What are some objections to personality testing? Which of these concerns are valid, and which might be overstated or naïve?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are some objections to personality testing?...

Question 11

What is the correct definition of the p-value?

Accepted Answer

A)  probability that the null hypothesis is true 
B)  probability that the null hypothesis is false 
C)  probability that the observed result occurred by chance given that the null hypothesis is true 
D)  probability that the observed result occurred by chance given that the null hypothesis is false

Question 12

Match the most relevant method with each basis of an objective test.
-Patterns of factor loadings

Accepted Answer

A) Factor analytic 
B) Rational 
C) Empirical 
D) Significance testing 
E) BESD
F)Interpretive

Question 13

How would a personality psychologist use the empirical method of test construction to create a measure of depression? What are the limitations of this technique? What are the strengths of this approach over alternatives?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How would a personality psychologist use the...

Question 14

The approach to personality test construction that examines a set of correlations among many items in order to identify which items are highly correlated is called the ________ approach.

Accepted Answer

A)  nomothetic 
B)  idiographic 
C)  rational 
D)  factor analytic

Question 15

Personality assessment would be relevant to which of the following constructs?

Accepted Answer

A)  attitudes toward political leaders 
B)  extraversion 
C)  aggression 
D)  All of the answer options are correct.

Question 16

According to the text, which projective test appears to have produced evidence that comes close to establishing its validity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Draw-a-Person Test 
B)  Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) 
C)  Buss-Perry Aggression Q-Sort 
D)  Draw-a-Face Test

Question 17

All projective tests

Accepted Answer

A)  involve stimuli with no clear meaning. 
B)  involve the construction of stories and narratives. 
C)  require choosing among multiple, predetermined alternatives. 
D)  rely on computer scoring methods.

Question 18

As described in the text, according to some motivation researchers, the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) measures ________, whereas questionnaire-based measures predict ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  what people want; actual performance 
B)  what people need; what people want 
C)  what people want; how motives are expressed 
D)  how motives are expressed; actual performance

Question 19

According to the text, what is the best approach to test construction?

Accepted Answer

A)  the rational method 
B)  the factor analytic method 
C)  the empirical method 
D)  a combination of all three approaches

Question 20

Factor analysis can

Accepted Answer

A)  give psychological meaning to groups of traits. 
B)  unquestionably determine the basic dimensions of personality. 
C)  identify groups of items that go together. 
D)  tell which items best differentiate normal and abnormal populations.

Exam 3: Personality Assessment: Effect Size, Replicability, and Open Science