Question 1

How would the nurse examining a patient with pleurisy document a low-pitched grating lung sound?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sonorous wheeze 
B)  Friction rub 
C)  Coarse crackles 
D)  Crackles

Question 2

How should a patient be positioned after a thoracentesis is completed and the dressing applied?

Accepted Answer

A)  High Fowler 
B)  Semi-Fowler 
C)  Side lying on unaffected side 
D)  Prone

Question 3

What are age-related changes in the older adult that make them at risk for respiratory diseases? (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

A)  Moist mucous membranes 
B)  Kyphosis 
C)  Decrease in pulmonary blood flow 
D)  Stasis pooling of secretions 
E)  Reduced number of cilia

Question 4

An 83-year-old patient is admitted with a temperature of 102°F (38.8°C),chest pain,and fatigue.What is the infected fluid that the physician removes called?

Accepted Answer

A)  Emboli 
B)  Emphysema 
C)  Sputum 
D)  Empyema

Question 5

How does pursed lip breathing assist patients with asthma during an attack?

Accepted Answer

A)  It distracts the patient with breathing technique to reduce anxiety. 
B)  It gets rid of CO2 faster. 
C)  It opens bronchioles by backflow air pressure. 
D)  It increases PACO2.

Question 6

What is inspiratory capacity?

Accepted Answer

A)  The amount of air in the lung after a maximal inhalation 
B)  The amount of air moved with each normal inhalation and expiration 
C)  The amount of air that can be inhaled in one breath from the resting expiratory level 
D)  The amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after maximum inhalation

Question 7

How should the newly diagnosed patient who has been prescribed isoniazid (INH)for the treatment of active tuberculosis (TB)be advised?

Accepted Answer

A)  Report redness and swelling of extremities. 
B)  Accept that the therapy is long term. 
C)  Monitor renal function every several months. 
D)  Rise slowly to avoid dizziness.

Question 8

The patient with long-term emphysema is admitted with a secondary diagnosis of cor pulmonale.What should the nurse anticipate?

Accepted Answer

A)  The patient will present with edema of the lower extremities and extended neck veins due to hypertension of the pulmonary circulation. 
B)  The patient will present with a dry hacking cough and chest pain due to constriction of the pulmonary vein. 
C)  The patient will present with hypertension and a headache related to pulmonary hypertension. 
D)  The patient will present with unlabored respiration and cyanosis around the mouth.

Question 9

The older adult patient with long-term emphysema complains of a sharp pleuritic pain after a severe period of coughing.The patient's heart rate and respiratory rate have increased.Auscultation reveals no breath sounds on the left side.These are signs and symptoms of what condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pulmonary embolus 
B)  Spontaneous pneumothorax 
C)  Early signs of unilateral pneumonia 
D)  An attack of asthma

Question 10

The patient has advanced emphysema and complains of dyspnea and fatigue.What would the most appropriate nursing intervention be for the patient problem of activity intolerance related to an imbalance between the oxygen supply and demand?

Accepted Answer

A)  Direct patient in vigorous independent ROM. 
B)  Allow to exercise until respirations are over 20 breaths/min over baseline. 
C)  Plan care to provide optimum rest. 
D)  Provide frequent cool showers.

Question 11

How will the kidneys behave in respiratory acidosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Retain bicarbonate to increase the pH. 
B)  Excrete more urine to reduce potassium. 
C)  Concentrate the urine to conserve circulating fluid in the bloodstream. 
D)  Lower the pH by excretion of bicarbonate.

Question 12

A patient problem for the patient with a new laryngectomy would be Social isolation related to impaired verbal communication related to removal of the larynx.What is an appropriate nursing intervention?

Accepted Answer

A)  Complete care quickly. 
B)  Provide a pad and pencil or magic slate. 
C)  Refrain from conversations with the patient to reduce stress level. 
D)  Offer books or jigsaw puzzles for entertainment.

Question 13

When assessing the SaO2 with a pulse oximeter,the nurse will place the oximeter on a finger:

Accepted Answer

A)  on the same side as the blood pressure cuff. 
B)  while exercising the arm to stimulate circulation. 
C)  that is a normal temperature. 
D)  on the same side as an arterial catheter.

Question 14

What is the appropriate nursing intervention for a patient,age 40,who is diagnosed with active tuberculosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Place the patient in drainage and secretion precautions. 
B)  Place the patient in acid-fast bacillus (AF
B) Isolation Precautions. 
C)  Maintain the patient in enteric isolation. 
D)  Place the patient in any Isolation Precautions.

Question 15

What is true about activities such as walking for the patient with emphysema?

Accepted Answer

A)  Repair dilated alveoli. 
B)  Increase capacity to use oxygen. 
C)  Lessen the oxygen needs. 
D)  Lessen metabolic oxygen needs.

Question 16

A 55-year-old man comes to the health nurse at his place of work with epistaxis.He reports he has frequent nosebleeds that he can usually control himself.What would be the most helpful assessment after the nurse has stopped the bleeding?

Accepted Answer

A)  Obtain a blood pressure. 
B)  Record the approximate amount of blood lost. 
C)  Inquire about a headache. 
D)  Record the last episode of epistaxis.

Question 17

A patient is on postoperative day 2 after undergoing a total hip replacement.The patient suddenly complains of chest pain and is coughing up blood-tinged sputum.What should be the nurse's initial intervention?

Accepted Answer

A)  Report signs to the charge nurse. 
B)  Elevate head of bed and administer oxygen. 
C)  Prevent patient from excessive coughing. 
D)  Increase IV flow rate.

Question 18

What is the purpose of the cilia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Warm and moisturize inhaled air. 
B)  Sweep debris toward nasal cavity. 
C)  Stimulate cough reflex. 
D)  Produce mucus.

Exam 49: Care of the Patient With a Respiratory Disorder