Question 1

Head Start provides the strongest benefits for children from the lowest income families, for those living in _____ areas, and for those with disabilities.

Accepted Answer

rural

Question 2

Preschools that reliably benefit early-childhood learning share a _____ approach.

Accepted Answer

A)   child-centered
B)   teacher-directed
C)   home-based
D)   high-quality D

Question 3

About _____ percent of U.S. 3- and 4-year-olds attend Head Start programs.

Accepted Answer

12; twelve

Question 4

Intensive early-childhood programs have been implemented in the United States. Give at least four examples of ways in which children benefit from early intervention (in the short term or the long term).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Intensive early-childhood programs have been implemented in...

Question 5

The belief that inanimate things (furniture, moon, clouds) are alive is called _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The belief that inanimate things (furniture, moon,...

Question 6

Amy designed her preschool classroom with several play areas that can accommodate groups of children so that they can learn from one another. Her classroom shows the influence of _____, who thought that children learn from other children in addition to adults.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Amy designed her preschool classroom with several...

Question 7

According to Vygotsky, a child's first guided participation is provided by a guide who is likely a(n) _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   classmate
B)   teacher
C)   parent
D)   older sibling

Question 8

The process by which children develop an interconnected set of categories for words is called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   scaffolding
B)   fast-mapping
C)   guided participation
D)   conservation

Question 9

According to Piaget, one of the reasons that logic is beyond young children is that _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   young children are not capable of fast-mapping
B)   young children tend to engage in cognitive reversal processes
C)   young children assume that the world is always changing
D)   young children contemplate the world exclusively from their own personal perspective

Question 10

Maturation of the brain's _____ is required for the development of a child's capacity to understand the perspective of others.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Maturation of the brain's _____ is required...

Question 11

Which child is likely to have the most advanced theory of mind?

Accepted Answer

A)   Dewei, who is 6 years old
B)   Carter, who is deaf
C)   Faakhir, who has autism spectrum disorder
D)   Jacob, who is 4 years old

Question 12

The term for the time when language learning is most easily and readily accomplished is a _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   zone of proximal development
B)   sensitive period
C)   critical period
D)   preoperational period

Question 13

"You are your mom's daughter, right?" Grandpa asked Beatriz. "Yes!" Beatriz eagerly answered.
"Well, your mom is my daughter," Grandpa replied.
"No! She's my Mommy!" Beatriz exclaimed. Why did Beatriz make this error?

Accepted Answer

A)   conservation
B)   object permanence
C)   overregularization
D)   centration

Question 14

_____ designed a special educational program with structured, individualized projects meant to give children a sense of accomplishment.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____ designed a special educational program with...

Question 15

The development of theory of mind has been demonstrated across cultures.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Four-year-old Graciela is a fluent bilingual, which means that she _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   speaks her native language fluently but has limitations when speaking her second language
B)   understands her native language and her second language but speaks only in her native language
C)   is fluent in both her native language and her second language
D)   understands her native language but speaks her second language more fluently

Question 17

Sydney helps her 2-year-old daughter to make hot chocolate. She helps the child to measure teaspoons of cocoa into a cup, add water, stir the contents, and then microwave the cup. Sydney is providing _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   scaffolding
B)   overstimulation
C)   conservation skills
D)   the zone of proximal development

Question 18

The goal of most teacher-directed preschools is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   promoting individual achievement
B)   encouraging informal social interaction
C)   to make all children "ready to learn"
D)   teaching children to read by the end of the year

Question 19

Overimitation is demonstrated when 2- to 6-year-old children imitate adult actions that are irrelevant, time-consuming, and inefficient.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The results of a study in which 3- to 6-year-old children copied adults who waved a red stick before using it to open a box revealed that scaffolding occurs through observation as well as explicit guidance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 9: Early Childhood: Cognitive Development

Head Start provides the strongest benefits for children from the lowest income families, for those living in _____ areas, and for those with disabilities.

Preschools that reliably benefit early-childhood learning share a _____ approach.

About _____ percent of U.S. 3- and 4-year-olds attend Head Start programs.

Intensive early-childhood programs have been implemented in the United States. Give at least four examples of ways in which children benefit from early intervention (in the short term or the long term).

The belief that inanimate things (furniture, moon, clouds) are alive is called _____.

Amy designed her preschool classroom with several play areas that can accommodate groups of children so that they can learn from one another. Her classroom shows the influence of _____, who thought that children learn from other children in addition to adults.

According to Vygotsky, a child's first guided participation is provided by a guide who is likely a(n) _____.

The process by which children develop an interconnected set of categories for words is called _____.

According to Piaget, one of the reasons that logic is beyond young children is that _____.

Maturation of the brain's _____ is required for the development of a child's capacity to understand the perspective of others.

Which child is likely to have the most advanced theory of mind?

The term for the time when language learning is most easily and readily accomplished is a _____.

"You are your mom's daughter, right?" Grandpa asked Beatriz. "Yes!" Beatriz eagerly answered. "Well, your mom is my daughter," Grandpa replied. "No! She's my Mommy!" Beatriz exclaimed. Why did Beatriz make this error?

_____ designed a special educational program with structured, individualized projects meant to give children a sense of accomplishment.

The development of theory of mind has been demonstrated across cultures.

Four-year-old Graciela is a fluent bilingual, which means that she _____.

Sydney helps her 2-year-old daughter to make hot chocolate. She helps the child to measure teaspoons of cocoa into a cup, add water, stir the contents, and then microwave the cup. Sydney is providing _____.

The goal of most teacher-directed preschools is _____.

Overimitation is demonstrated when 2- to 6-year-old children imitate adult actions that are irrelevant, time-consuming, and inefficient.

The results of a study in which 3- to 6-year-old children copied adults who waved a red stick before using it to open a box revealed that scaffolding occurs through observation as well as explicit guidance.