Question 1

The only effective prevention strategy currently available for reducing the spread of AIDS appears to be _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a vaccine 
B)  medications 
C)  changing high-risk behavior 
D)  educating people about the risk of the disease

Question 2

The "natural" opioids called endorphins or enkephalins act like neurotransmitters to

Accepted Answer

A)  increase awareness of pain. 
B)  shut down the sensation of pain. 
C)  cause a "natural" addiction. 
D)  relieve the pain caused by a heroin overdose.

Question 3

Your textbook reports on a behavioral change program to address the high rate of smoking in China. This was an important study for several reasons including the fact that

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of people who smoke in China equals the entire population of the United States. 
B)  almost 100% of the women in China smoke. 
C)  males and females in China have equally high rates of smoking. 
D)  the types of cigarettes smoked in China are more potent than in the U.S.

Question 4

Psychoneuroimmunology focuses on the study of

Accepted Answer

A)  physiology, neurons, and immune function. 
B)  psychology, neurological responses, and immune function. 
C)  psychology, nature, and illness. 
D)  physiological numbers and images.

Question 5

Cognitive therapy is used in stress management programs to help clients learn to do all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  develop more realistic appraisals and attitudes. 
B)  identify unrealistic negative thoughts. 
C)  tell off people they don't like as a way of reducing stress. 
D)  assert themselves in an appropriate way in stressful situations.

Question 6

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  50% of deaths from the 10 leading causes of death in the United States can be traced to behaviors common to certain lifestyles. 
B)  Smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the United States. 
C)  Smoking has been estimated to cause 20% of all deaths. 
D)  All of the above

Question 7

In the mid-19th century, symptoms of fatigue, vague aches and pains, low-grade fever, and lack of energy were attributed to a disorder called .

Accepted Answer

A)  neurasthenia 
B)  neurosis 
C)  hysteria 
D)  somatic syndrome

Question 8

Gregor has just learned that his spouse of 28 years has died in an automobile accident. Upon hearing the news, Gregor collapsed and was rushed to the hospital in apparent heart failure. Gregor probably suffered

Accepted Answer

A)  myocardial infarction. 
B)  tranischemic attack. 
C)  angina pectoris. 
D)  myocardial stunning.

Question 9

Individuals who are high users of pain relieving medications are to benefit from pain management programs than less frequent users.

Accepted Answer

A)  more likely 
B)  less likely 
C)  equally likely 
D)  unable

Question 10

Research has shown that excessive secretion of the stress hormone cortisol can result in cell death in the hippocampal region of the brain in cases of .

Accepted Answer

A)  substance abuse 
B)  mania 
C)  posttraumatic stress disorder 
D)  AIDS

Question 11

Which of the following best represents the emotional continuum believed to be related to coping with threat and challenge?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anxiety, stress, depression, excitement 
B)  Stress, anxiety, depression, excitement 
C)  Depression, stress, excitement, anxiety 
D)  Excitement, stress, anxiety, depression

Question 12

The same symptoms that were diagnosed in the 19th century as a condition called neurasthenia are currently referred to as _.

Accepted Answer

A)  somatization disorder 
B)  chronic fatigue syndrome 
C)  wasting disease 
D)  psychogenic pain disorder

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Group psychotherapy always prolongs life in cancer patients. 
B)  Group psychotherapy seems to decrease depression in cancer patients. 
C)  Group psychotherapy may prolong life in some cancer patients. 
D)  Mothers of children with cancer benefit form therapy.

Question 14

In the phenomenon known as "operant" control of pain, the pain behaviors manifested by an individual are determined by

Accepted Answer

A)  the type of injury. 
B)  social consequences. 
C)  the side effects of medications. 
D)  the patient's reaction to treatment.

Question 15

Regarding gender differences in the experience of pain, women suffer more frequently than men from all of the following EXCEPT .

Accepted Answer

A)  migraine headaches 
B)  arthritis 
C)  carpal tunnel syndrome 
D)  backache

Question 16

Which of the following immune cells enhance immune system responses by signaling B cells to produce antibodies and signaling other T cells to destroy antigens?

Accepted Answer

A)  B cells 
B)  Helper T cells 
C)  T suppressor cells 
D)  NK cells

Question 17

The leading preventable cause of death is .

Accepted Answer

A)  smoking 
B)  cirrhosis of the lever (from alcoholism) 
C)  poisoning 
D)  accidents

Question 18

According to the textbook, the leading cause of death for people between the ages of 1 and 45 years is .

Accepted Answer

A)  cancer 
B)  injury 
C)  infectious disease 
D)  genetic defect

Question 19

According to the text, some of the major contributing factors to illness and death in the United States are currently

Accepted Answer

A)  viral and bacterial. 
B)  behavioral and psychological. 
C)  neurological and endocrinological. 
D)  pharmacological and hormonal.

Question 20

Contrary to the earlier belief that the brain and immune system operate independently of each other, scientists now know that

Accepted Answer

A)  the immune system functioning can be suppressed through classical conditioning. 
B)  there are many connections between the nervous system and the immune system. 
C)  there are psychological influences on the neurological responding implicated in our immune response. 
D)  all of the above

Exam 9: Physical Disorders and Health Psychology