Question 1

Salivary glands secrete amylase,an enzyme that enables a minor amount of _____ to be digested in the mouth.

Accepted Answer

A)  protein
B)  alcohol
C)  water
D)  starch D

Question 2

A substance has a pH that is higher than the pH of tomatoes and lower than the pH of blood.Based on this information,the substance is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  baking soda
B)  egg white
C)  black coffee
D)  lemon juice C

Question 3

Bernetta has an autoimmune disease that affects salivary glands.As a result of this condition,Bernetta ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  develops numerous stomach ulcers
B)  has trouble swallowing
C)  cannot tolerate eating cold foods
D)  digests food too rapidly B

Question 4

After being absorbed,water-soluble nutrients such as glucose,fructose,iron,and vitamin C ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  combine to form chylomicrons that can be stored in the liver
B)  enter a capillary within the villus and are transported to the liver by the bloodstream
C)  diffuse through the membrane of the intestinal cell and enter lymph
D)  pass into the lacteal of the villus and are transported to the pancreas

Question 5

Phosphorus,potassium,and sodium are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  compounds
B)  electrons
C)  elements
D)  organelles

Question 6

The _____ is an accessory organ of the digestive system.

Accepted Answer

A)  jejunum
B)  colon
C)  epiglottis
D)  liver

Question 7

Blood and blood vessels are primary components of the _____ system.

Accepted Answer

A)  circulatory
B)  urinary
C)  integumentary
D)  nervous

Question 8

Which of the following physiological changes is a result of catabolic chemical reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Muscle mass enlargement that occurs after lifting weights
B)  Bone growth that occurs during adolescence
C)  Weight gain that occurs after 3 weeks of overeating
D)  Muscle loss that normally occurs in older adults

Question 9

Chyme moves from the stomach into the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  duodenum
B)  colon
C)  jejunum
D)  ileum

Question 10

Amanda is a three-year-old who has a condition that is characterized by the inability of her pancreas to produce cholecystokinin.Based on this information,she ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is taller than most children who are her age
B)  has difficulty digesting food
C)  is heavier than average for her height
D)  absorbs higher than normal amounts of micronutrients

Question 11

An _____ is an ion that can conduct electricity.

Accepted Answer

A)  enzyme
B)  amp
C)  electrolyte
D)  atom

Question 12

To make hot tea,Sonya adds boiling water to a cup that has a teabag in it.She waits about 5 minutes for the tea to steep,then removes the teabag.Before drinking the tea,she adds a teaspoon of sugar to the hot beverage.When added to the tea,the sugar is a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  solute
B)  solvent
C)  diffusion
D)  buffer

Question 13

Which of the following compounds is (are)secreted by the human stomach?

Accepted Answer

A)  Saliva
B)  Bile salts
C)  Gastric juice
D)  Chyme

Question 14

Which of the following organs is not an accessory organ of the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tongue
B)  Spleen
C)  Pancreas
D)  Liver

Question 15

The _____ of a food describes the extent to which the body is able to absorb the nutrients from the food and use them.

Accepted Answer

A)  homeostasis
B)  essentiality
C)  bioavailability
D)  digestibility

Question 16

Which of the following conditions is an autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation and swelling of the intestines?

Accepted Answer

A)  Crohn's disease
B)  Cystic fibrosis
C)  Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GER
D)  
D)  Peptic ulcer

Question 17

Which of the following foods is a rich source of prebiotics?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yogurt
B)  Legumes
C)  Butter
D)  Eggs

Question 18

Which of the following compounds is not secreted by the human stomach?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrochloric acid
B)  Gastric juice
C)  Bile
D)  Mucus

Question 19

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mucus protects the lining of the stomach.
B)  Some absorption of alcohol occurs in the stomach.
C)  The sense of smell contributes to the sense of taste.
D)  Peristalsis occurs when villi absorb fat.

Question 20

Rose has an autoimmune disease that destroyed her salivary glands.As a result of this condition,Rose probably ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  uses a lot of spices and sauces to season her foods
B)  digests foods too quickly
C)  must eat refined functional foods
D)  has difficulty eliminating feces during bowel movements

Exam 4: Body Basics