Question 1

Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated most often an association between body weight or BMI and which site-specific cancers?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bladder and lung
B)   Breast and prostate
C)   Colon, pancreas, and thyroid
D)   Esophagus, endometrium, gallbladder, and kidney D

Question 2

Chemoprevention is the

Accepted Answer

A)   pharmacologic use of nutrients to suppress or reverse carcinogenesis.
B)   pharmacologic use of medications to treat cancer.
C)   use of CAM therapy to prevent or treat cancer.
D)   reduction of carcinogenic growth factors in the blood. A

Question 3

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)

Accepted Answer

A)   should never be treated with parenteral nutrition.
B)   always occurs immediately after transplant.
C)   is a minor complication of chemotherapy.
D)   is a major complication seen primarily after allogenic transplants. D

Question 4

In carcinogenesis, which step does NOT necessarily occur in tumor development?

Accepted Answer

A)   Initiation
B)   Promotion
C)   Progression
D)   Metastasis

Question 5

Which diagnostic mechanism is used to determine tumor size?

Accepted Answer

A)   Staging
B)   Tumor biopsy
C)   Tumor markers
D)   Cytokines

Question 6

Which of the following may be avoided after cancer therapy as the result of alteration in taste sensation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Sweets
B)   Salty foods
C)   Meats
D)   Dairy products

Question 7

Which dietary modification would be used when a patient has neutropenia?

Accepted Answer

A)   Provide bland liquids and soft solids.
B)   Avoid strong flavors and acidic or spicy foods.
C)   Provide special handling of raw meats.
D)   Provide sauces and gravies with foods.

Question 8

For _____ cancer, epidemiologic studies indicated that alcohol consumption increases the risk of development.

Accepted Answer

A)   ovarian
B)   prostate
C)   mouth
D)   pancreatic

Question 9

Which of the following is a protein that affects fat stores during cancer and induces a state of anorexia?

Accepted Answer

A)   Insulin
B)   Growth hormone
C)   Tumor necrosis factor (cachectin) 
D)   Glucagon

Question 10

Parenteral nutrition support should be routinely considered

Accepted Answer

A)   for all cancer patients.
B)   after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) .
C)   for well-nourished cancer patients in whom oral intake is about 50% of the desired goal.
D)   for patients with advanced cancer whose disease is unresponsive to chemotherapy or radiation.

Question 11

The goal of nutrition therapy during palliative care is to

Accepted Answer

A)   replenish nutrient stores.
B)   promote weight gain.
C)   improve albumin status.
D)   alleviate symptoms.

Question 12

Which type of cancer treatment is systemic therapy?

Accepted Answer

A)   Chemotherapy
B)   Surgery
C)   Radiation therapy
D)   Syngeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant

Question 13

According to the evidence from current research, what role does drinking regular amounts of coffee or tea have on cancer development?

Accepted Answer

A)   There is a strong causal relationship between coffee intake and cancer.
B)   There is a suggested causal relationship between coffee intake and cancer.
C)   Coffee may have an anticancer effect.
D)   There is a strong causal relationship for tea but not for coffee.

Question 14

Which of the following presents with the symptoms of progressive weight loss, anorexia, generalized wasting and weakness, and immunosuppression?

Accepted Answer

A)   Radiation-induced enteritis
B)   Xerostomia
C)   Veno-occlusive disease
D)   Cancer cachexia

Question 15

Which of the following is recommended in the medical nutrition therapy for a patient undergoing surgical treatment of esophageal tumors?

Accepted Answer

A)   Placement of a feeding tube at the time of surgery
B)   Oral liquid diet with supplements
C)   Regular diet with multivitamin supplementation
D)   Total parenteral nutrition

Question 16

Common side effects of radiation-induced enteritis combined with small bowel resection include

Accepted Answer

A)   sore throat, mucositis, and severe dental and gum destruction.
B)   nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
C)   maldigestion, malabsorption, dehydration, and malnutrition.
D)   edema, ascites, and weight gain.

Question 17

An autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant is one involving

Accepted Answer

A)   stem cells donated by a sibling or parent.
B)   stem cells donated by a twin.
C)   stem cells previously taken from the patient.
D)   stem cells from an unrelated donor or cadaver.

Question 18

What cautions should be made to a cancer patient considering use of a macrobiotic diet for treatment?

Accepted Answer

A)   It may not provide enough energy and is deficient in calcium and vitamin B12.
B)   It may be high in energy, fat, and protein and low in vitamin B12.
C)   It may be low in protein and high in energy and fat.
D)   It may be high in protein and low in energy and fat.

Question 19

For which of the following problems associated with cancer treatment should a high-calorie diet supplemented with calorically dense foods be provided?

Accepted Answer

A)   Constipation
B)   Xerostomia
C)   Anorexia
D)   Neutropenia

Exam 36: Medical Nutrition Therapy for Cancer Prevention, Treatment, and Survivorship