Question 1

Groups such as the beatniks of the 1950s, the drug enthusiasts of the 1970s, and members of religious cults reject some or many of culture's basic norms and values. These groups are called____________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  ethnic subcultures 
B)  secondary cultures 
C)  countercultures 
D)  heterogeneous societies

Question 2

____________state what behavior is inappropriate or unacceptable. Laws that prohibit drinking and driving and "netiquette" that preclude you from typing e-mails in all caps are examples.

Accepted Answer

A)  Proscriptive norms 
B)  Nonstandard norms 
C)  Prescriptive norms 
D)  Subscriptive norms

Question 3

A ____________is a currently valued style of behavior, thinking, or appearance that is longer lasting and more widespread than a fad.

Accepted Answer

A)  fashion 
B)  novelty 
C)  normative behavior 
D)  collective behavior

Question 4

Which of these is the best example of the concept of cultural lag?

Accepted Answer

A)  a lack of clear law governing the rights of all parties involved in artificial insemination and other forms of reproductive technology 
B)  the use of radar to determine and document the speed of drivers on a major highway 
C)  an increase in the use of Facebook among people over age 50 to find former high school and college classmates 
D)  a lack of electronic versions of older novels, biographies, and other published works

Question 5

According to sociologist Robin Williams, the core value of ____________pushes Americans to want things to be bigger, better, and faster.

Accepted Answer

A)  cooperation and pacifism 
B)  achievement and success 
C)  progress and material comfort 
D)  efficiency and practicality

Question 6

A ____________is a category of people who share distinguishing attributes, beliefs, values, and/or norms that set them apart in some significant manner from the dominant culture.

Accepted Answer

A)  dominant culture 
B)  counterculture 
C)  subculture 
D)  deviant culture

Question 7

____________provide ideals of beliefs about behavior but do not state explicitly how we should behave; ____________are established rules of behavior or standards for conduct.

Accepted Answer

A)  Mores; values 
B)  Folkways; mores 
C)  Norms; values 
D)  Values; norms

Question 8

Which of these statements regarding language is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chimpanzees can use elements of Standard American Sign Language and manipulate physical objects to make "sentences." 
B)  With proper training, nonhuman primates may be taught to vocalize simple words. 
C)  Most primates manipulate symbols to express very abstract concepts and cultural rules from one generation to the next. 
D)  Language is solely a human characteristic.

Question 9

Some nations, such as Sweden, are referred to as ____________, which means that they include people who share a common culture and who are typically from similar social, religious, political, and economic backgrounds.

Accepted Answer

A)  homogeneous societies 
B)  subculture societies 
C)  heterogeneous societies 
D)  counterculture societies

Question 10

Cooking, games, and clothing are examples of _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  material culture 
B)  symbolic culture 
C)  cultural beliefs 
D)  cultural universals

Question 11

Define the concept of cultural imperialism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define the concept of cultural imperialism....

Question 12

Sociologists use the term ____________for the disorientation that people feel when they encounter cultures radically different from their own that challenge their own taken-for-granted assumptions about life.

Accepted Answer

A)  culture shock 
B)  dysfunction 
C)  social disorganization 
D)  group anomie

Question 13

Some nations, such as the United States, are referred to as____________ , which means that they include people who are dissimilar in regard to social characteristics such as religion, income, or race/ethnicity.

Accepted Answer

A)  subculture societies 
B)  homogeneous societies 
C)  counterculture societies 
D)  heterogeneous societies

Question 14

____________consists of activities, products, and services, such as rock concerts, spectator sports, movies, and television soap operas and situation comedies, that are assumed to appeal primarily to members of the middle and working classes.

Accepted Answer

A)  Nonmaterial culture 
B)  Popular culture 
C)  High culture 
D)  Material culture

Question 15

____________refers to the wide range of cultural differences found between and within nations. It may be the result of natural or social circumstances.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cultural relativism 
B)  Cultural diversity 
C)  Cultural diffusion 
D)  Cultural transformation

Question 16

Which of the following is not a way in which language and gender are intertwined?

Accepted Answer

A)  The English language ignores women by using the masculine form to refer to human beings in general. 
B)  Pronouns show the gender of the person we expect to be in a particular occupation. 
C)  The English language tends to put performance pressures on women by defining them in terms of their sexual prowess. 
D)  Words have positive connotations when relating to male power, prestige, and leadership.

Question 17

Because cultures tend to be integrated, all parts of any given culture will tend to change at the same pace.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

____________consists of the physical or tangible creations that members of a society make, use, and share.

Accepted Answer

A)  Technology 
B)  Nonmaterial culture 
C)  Cultural universal 
D)  Material culture

Question 19

Distinguish between the concepts of high culture and popular culture, and explain why some argue that this distinction is disappearing. Discuss Bourdieu's concept of cultural capital as it relates to types of culture and social class.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Distinguish between the concepts of high culture...

Question 20

Explain why culture for humans may be compared with instincts for other animals.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain why culture for humans may be...

Exam 5: Groups and Organizations