Question 1

Within Burgess's concentric zone model,___________ is the central business district and cultural center.

Accepted Answer

A)  Zone 1 
B)  Zone 2 
C)  Zone 3 
D)  Zone 4

Question 2

Compare the ideas of Simmel, Wirth, and Gans on contemporary urban life. Include the concepts of urbanism and urban villagers in your response. Explain which of these perspectives you find most convincing and why.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare the ideas of Simmel, Wirth, and...

Question 3

The primary biological factor determining fertility within a particular society is______________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  number of women ages 15 to 45 
B)  availability of affordable contraception 
C)  governmental policy and regulations 
D)  infant mortality

Question 4

During the demographic transition stage of___________ , little population growth occurs because high birth rates are offset by high death rates.

Accepted Answer

A)  postindustrialization 
B)  early industrialization 
C)  advanced industrialization and urbanization 
D)  preindustrial societies

Question 5

___________argue that gentrification creates additional hardships for the poor by depleting the amount of affordable housing available and by "pushing" them out of city neighborhoods.

Accepted Answer

A)  Functionalists 
B)  Conflict theorists 
C)  Symbolic interactionists 
D)  Postmodern theorists

Question 6

How large is the world's population today?

Accepted Answer

A)  6 billion 
B)  6.5 billion 
C)  7.4 billion 
D)  8 billion

Question 7

The______________ refers to the number of deaths of infants under 1 year of age per 1,000 live births in a given year.

Accepted Answer

A)  underage mortality rate 
B)  infant mortality rate 
C)  child death index 
D)  infant death quotient

Question 8

Ecological models of city growth, human ecology, and social area analysis all pertain to the___________ within sociology.

Accepted Answer

A)  functionalist theory 
B)  conflict theory 
C)  symbolic interactionist theory 
D)  postmodern theory

Question 9

According to the ___________developed by urban sociologists Harris and Ullman, cities do not have one center from which all growth radiates, but rather have numerous centers of development based on specific urban needs or activities.

Accepted Answer

A)  sector model 
B)  social area analysis 
C)  multiple nuclei model 
D)  concentric zone model

Question 10

Across the world, there is a general trend toward___________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  more people moving to rural areas 
B)  more people living in cities 
C)  people abandoning cities in favor of suburbs 
D)  masses of people leaving suburbs for central cities

Question 11

___________is the movement of people into a geographic area to take up residency;___________ is the movement of people out of a geographic area to take up residency elsewhere.

Accepted Answer

A)  Distribution; migration 
B)  Migration; redistribution 
C)  Immigration; emigration 
D)  Emigration; immigration

Question 12

Define fecundity and fertility and explain how they are related to each other.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define fecundity and fertility and explain how...

Question 13

______________is a subfield of sociology that examines population size, composition, and distribution.

Accepted Answer

A)  Ecology 
B)  Demography 
C)  Social psychology 
D)  Graphology

Question 14

___________refers to one explanation of the process by which some societies have moved from high birth and death rates to relatively low birth and death rates as a result of technological development.

Accepted Answer

A)  Zero population growth 
B)  Population lag 
C)  Demographic transition 
D)  Cultural lag

Question 15

___________refers to the ecological process involved in the concentric zone model in which a new category of people or type of land use arrives in an area previously occupied by another group or land use.

Accepted Answer

A)  Invasion 
B)  Gentrification 
C)  Succession 
D)  Diffusion

Question 16

___________is the process by which a new category of people or type of land use gradually predominates in an area formerly dominated by another group or activity.

Accepted Answer

A)  Diffusion 
B)  Succession 
C)  Gentrification 
D)  Invasion

Question 17

Which theorist was generally optimistic about urban life?

Accepted Answer

A)  Simmel 
B)  Wirth 
C)  Gans 
D)  Berger

Question 18

The ______________is considered an important reflection of a society's level of preventive medical care, maternal nutrition, childbirth procedures, and neonatal care for infants.

Accepted Answer

A)  crude death rate 
B)  fecundity minus actual fertility rate 
C)  infant mortality rate 
D)  life expectancy

Question 19

White women have a longer life expectancy than white men; however, African American men have a longer life expectancy than African American women.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A population pyramid that is actually pyramidal in shape is likely to pertain to a(n)___________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  high-income country 
B)  low-fertility country 
C)  high-fertility country 
D)  intermediate-fertility country

Exam 15: Population and Urbanization