Question 1

Complete the analogy. Basic research: ________ :: applied research: ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  theory; hypothesis 
B)  theory; real world 
C)  real world; theory 
D)  real world; global problems

Question 2

The authors of your text discuss the scientific rigor involved in testing new medications. Analogous to this, if Critical Incident Stress Debriefing were a medication, what does your text suggest that people would be doing now?

Accepted Answer

A)  There would be clamoring for insurance to cover the intervention. 
B)  People would lobby congress to make CISD mandatory nationwide. 
C)  There would be a public outcry and lawsuits against CISD. 
D)  People would want more empirical evidence before reacting.

Question 3

Public safety officials want to increase the use of seat belts among drivers and have decided to show a television ad documenting the rising use of seat belts among drivers. This represents the use of ________ norms to change safety behaviors.

Accepted Answer

A)  descriptive 
B)  injunctive 
C)  conjunctive 
D)  proscriptive

Question 4

"Flow" can best be described as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  pleasurable state during which people are so focused on their goal that they lose track of time. 
B)  pleasant state of arousal in which a person is focused on the needs of others. 
C)  altered state of consciousness in which a person's attention is divided among many tasks. 
D)  state in which people are so focused on their goal that they cannot actually achieve it.

Question 5

During a drought, Lynne noticed that all of her neighbors had stopped watering their lawns, even though there were no laws against it. Lynne was following a ________ norm when she let her lawn turn brown, too.

Accepted Answer

A)  descriptive 
B)  proscriptive 
C) objective 
D)  productive

Question 6

Descriptive norms work the best to reduce litter when

Accepted Answer

A)  everyone cooperates. 
B)  there is cognitive dissonance. 
C)  people have strong pro-environment attitudes. 
D)  people are motivated and able to pick up after themselves.

Question 7

Based on what the text reports, one way to reduce drivers' use of gasoline by monitoring may be to

Accepted Answer

A)  display the current gas mileage on the dash of the vehicle. 
B)  tell the driver how many miles per gallon the vehicle gets. 
C)  ask drivers to keep track of have often they fuel up. 
D)  allow the government to track how many miles each vehicle on the road drives in a week.

Question 8

Kurt Lewin is considered to be the

Accepted Answer

A)  founder of modern personality psychology. 
B)  greatest applied methodologist of the twentieth century. 
C)  founder of empirical social psychology. 
D)  father of professional psychology.

Question 9

Gonzales, Aronson, and Costanzo (1988) trained home energy auditors to describe uninsulated attics as "naked," and to point out that small cracks lose as much heat as a hole the size of a football in the living room wall. Compared to homeowners exposed to the typical appeal, those exposed to the new appeals were more likely to follow the auditors' recommendations. Why? The new appeals

Accepted Answer

A)  made the problem of energy loss more vivid and noticeable to homeowners. 
B)  showed homeowners how to change their energy use habits. 
C)  addressed the self-interest of the homeowners. 
D)  elicited a public commitment from homeowners to conserve energy.

Question 10

Predicting what will make a person happy in the future is one type of

Accepted Answer

A)  hindsight bias. 
B)  affective forecasting. 
C)  counterfactual thinking. 
D)  clairvoyance.

Question 11

Recycling, although good for all of us, can be an inconvenient and effortful activity for individuals. In this sense, recycling represents a kind of

Accepted Answer

A)  injunctive norm. 
B)  social dilemma. 
C)  normative conflict. 
D)  dissonance-arousing activity.

Question 12

Several auto makers have recently come out with hybrid engines which rely partially on gasoline and partially on electricity. Such innovations are examples of solving environmental problems by

Accepted Answer

A)  improving technology. 
B)  adopting a sustainable lifestyle. 
C)  raising awareness of the problem. 
D)  eliminating our reliance on fossil fuels entirely.

Question 13

Leo was involved in a terrible car accident and was injured quite seriously. However, he did not undergo CISD. Based on the research presented in the text, how might you expect him to feel compared to other victims who did?

Accepted Answer

A)  He will be less likely to have anxiety disorders. 
B)  He will be more likely to have anxiety disorders. 
C)  He will be equally likely to have anxiety disorders. 
D)  He will be less likely to develop anxiety disorders than if he were a woman.

Question 14

According to information in your text, at what income level does happiness become stable no matter how much more money a person makes?

Accepted Answer

A)  when they are making at least $100,000 a year 
B)  when that person becomes a millionaire 
C)  when that person is making enough money to afford the necessities 
D)  when they are making an income above the national average

Question 15

Your text discusses the value of cooperation and working together to solve the social dilemma of environmental problems. Yet, there are ways to also use competition to improve the environment. Describe how competition can be used to promote behaviors that would improve the environment.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Your text discusses the value of cooperation...

Question 16

Which of the following does not belong?

Accepted Answer

A)  real world 
B)  applied 
C)  basic 
D)  practical

Question 17

Assume that you are part of a student group trying to persuade others to recycle more. You plan to go door-to-door in residence halls and to use cognitive dissonance to change recycling behaviors. How would you do this, and why would your strategy work?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Assume that you are part of a...

Question 18

The two reasons that your text states as to why helping others makes people feel happier are that helping others

Accepted Answer

A)  enhances social relationships and increases the chances of monetary gain. 
B)  enhances social relationships and enhances the person's self-esteem. 
C)  enhances the person's self-esteem and increases the chances of monetary gain. 
D)  increases the chances of monetary gain and increases the chances of finding a good mate.

Question 19

People who have undergone Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD) generally report that

Accepted Answer

A)  they are satisfied with it. 
B)  it saved them from further trauma. 
C)  it definitely prevented the onset of anxiety disorders. 
D)  they were further traumatized by reliving the trauma so soon after the event.

Question 20

What is the role of money in determining how happy a person will be?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the role of money in...

Exam 14: Social Psychology in Action 1: Making a Difference With Social Psychology: Attaining a Sustainable Future

Complete the analogy. Basic research: :: applied research: .