Question 1

An important area in social ecology is the study of

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral settings. 
B)  intra-psychic factors. 
C)  problem-solving strategies. 
D)  interpersonal relationships.

Question 2

The template-matching technique attempts to match a specific template of behavior to

Accepted Answer

A)  job performance. 
B)  test scores. 
C)  personality. 
D)  interest inventories.

Question 3

Researchers who have reviewed the literature on employment interviews almost unanimously recommend

Accepted Answer

A)  the use of an unstructured interview. 
B)  the use of a structured interview. 
C)  that the employer should depend upon their first impression. 
D)  that prospective employees cannot go too far in trying to make a good impression.

Question 4

____ psychology is the study and practice of job analysis,job recruitment,employee selection,and the evaluation of employee,while ____ psychology is the study and practice of leadership,job satisfaction,and employee motivation.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cognitive;social 
B)  Personnel;organizational 
C)  Human resource;leadership 
D)  Selection psychology;motivational

Question 5

One of the reasons that mammography is controversial for younger women is that

Accepted Answer

A)  younger women never get breast cancer. 
B)  breast self-examinations work better than mammography. 
C)  breast cancer is rare in younger women and the test has many false positives. 
D)  breast cancer is common in young women and the test has many false negatives.

Question 6

Select a variable of interest that can be evaluated with some sort of test (i.e. ,medical,psychological,educational,etc. )and discuss the issues involved in determining an acceptable hit and miss rate.What would the base rate and cutting score be? What are the costs associated with false negatives and false positives?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Select a variable of interest that can...

Question 7

Jason had worked very hard to accurately and quickly perform every task assigned to him.Still,his supervisor gave him a low rating.Research indicates that supervisors

Accepted Answer

A)  are the most accurate judge of an employee's performance. 
B)  are not influenced by petty concerns such as their own job security. 
C)  are known to be inaccurate raters. 
D)  give lower performance ratings if they are conflicted about their own role.

Question 8

The field of psychology that studies people in their natural environment and attempts to analyze the effects of the physical environment on social behavior is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  behaviorism. 
B)  cognition. 
C)  environmental psychology. 
D)  ecological psychology.

Question 9

The ____ is a complex approach to assessment that combines a general environment scale and separate subscales of various aspects of the setting.

Accepted Answer

A)  MBTI 
B)  MEAP 
C)  DAT 
D)  WPT

Question 10

Which of the following methods of job analysis involves the observation of behaviors that differentiate successful from unsuccessful employees?

Accepted Answer

A)  checklists 
B)  observation 
C)  questionnaires 
D)  critical incidents

Question 11

A classification system that includes six characteristics of environments was developed by

Accepted Answer

A)  Roe. 
B)  Barker. 
C)  Stokols. 
D)  Moos.

Question 12

Which factors are associated with the greatest percentage of variation in behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  situations 
B)  persons 
C)  person-situation interactions 
D)  "other" factors and error

Question 13

Special precautions are necessary when using ____ to find out about job situations because the information gained is easily biased by employees who have strong negative or positive feelings toward the company.

Accepted Answer

A)  observation 
B)  interviews 
C)  questionnaires 
D)  critical incidents

Question 14

In structured interviews,candidates who work hard at impression management

Accepted Answer

A)  have no advantage. 
B)  receive higher ratings. 
C)  are seen as manipulative. 
D)  pay less attention to the questions.

Question 15

On the basis of a psychological test,an individual is identified as schizophrenic.An interview reveals schizophrenic thinking and a history of psychiatric hospitalization.This case best illustrates a

Accepted Answer

A)  false negative 
B)  miss. 
C)  false negative. 
D)  hit.

Question 16

Ecological psychology

Accepted Answer

A)  focuses on a person's behavior. 
B)  focuses on events that occur in a behavioral setting. 
C)  has a subfield known a social psychology. 
D)  is not actually a valid field of psychology.

Question 17

In decision analysis,the detection rate is the same thing as

Accepted Answer

A)  the sensitivity. 
B)  the specificity. 
C)  the accuracy rate. 
D)  the false positive rate.

Question 18

The predictive validity of most selections tests

Accepted Answer

A)  is very low. 
B)  is only modest. 
C)  is between .7 and .8. 
D)  is never less than .9.

Question 19

When the cost of false positives is high,test makers may

Accepted Answer

A)  abandon the test for one that is better. 
B)  raise the cutting score. 
C)  identify sources of variance. 
D)  change the method of administration.

Question 20

A problem with obtaining information about employment settings from questionnaires is that

Accepted Answer

A)  returned questionnaires may not be a representative sample of the employees. 
B)  employees tend not to report critical incidents. 
C)  questionnaire studies are too expensive. 
D)  questionnaires cannot be structured to allow employees to express their opinions.

Exam 18: Testing in Industrial and Business Settings