Question 1

A member of a gene pair that can control the appearance of a certain trait only if it is paired with another, similar type gene is a ________ gene.

Accepted Answer

A)  recombinant 
B)  mutated 
C)  dominant 
D)  recessive

Question 2

Jessica's mother has blue eyes, with two recessive genes for blue eyes. Her father has brown eyes, with a dominant gene for brown eyes and a recessive gene for blue eyes. What are the chances that Jessica has blue eyes?

Accepted Answer

A)  0 percent 
B)  75 percent 
C)  50 percent 
D)  25 percent

Question 3

Anesthetics work primarily by shutting down the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  endocrine system 
B)  reticular formation 
C)  limbic system 
D)  dopamine receptor sites

Question 4

Pain-reducing chemicals that occur naturally in the brain are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  androgens 
B)  endorphins 
C)  histamines 
D)  globulins

Question 5

The "all or none law" is the principle stating that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a neuron fires at full strength or not at all 
B)  all neurons in an area fire at the same intensity or not at all 
C)  a neuron must be receiving only "fire" messages through its dendrites or it will not fire at all 
D)  all the neurons in a particular area of the brain fire simultaneously or not at all

Question 6

The area of the frontal lobe that is crucial in our ability to talk is ________ area.

Accepted Answer

A)  Gall's 
B)  Broca's 
C)  Korsakoff's 
D)  Wernicke's

Question 7

The nervous system is usually divided into two major parts: the central nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Violence is greatest among males between the ages of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  5 and 15 
B)  15 and 25 
C)  25 and 35 
D)  35 and 45

Question 9

A process that controls our most important traits in which many genes interact to produce a certain specific trait is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic dominance 
B)  monogenetic inheritance 
C)  polygenic inheritance 
D)  natural selection

Question 10

A young man reads in a letter that he has just won $1,000 in a statewide lottery and he literally jumps for joy. Which neurons are sending messages from his brain to the muscles in his legs causing him to jump?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory neurons 
B)  interactive neurons 
C)  efferent neurons 
D)  afferent neurons

Question 11

The inner core of the two adrenal glands that releases hormones important for dealing with stress is the adrenal ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  simplex 
B)  cortex 
C)  medulla 
D)  ganglia

Question 12

"Split brain" patients are patients who have had ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  their cerebellum split in the middle 
B)  their brain stem cut down the middle 
C)  their corpus callosum cut 
D)  a prefrontal lobotomy

Question 13

A technique in which a tiny quartz or glass pipette (smaller in diameter than a human hair) that is filled with conducting fluid and placed on the surface of a neuron so that scientists can study changes in the electrical conditions of that particular neuron is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  structural imaging 
B)  a macroelectrode technique 
C)  a microelectrode recording technique 
D)  functional imaging

Question 14

Define neuron, axon, dendrite, cell body, and myelin sheath. In your definitions, be sure to describe the specific functions of each item.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define neuron, axon, dendrite, cell body, and...

Question 15

Afferent neurons carry messages from the central nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

At fertilization, the chromosomes from the father's sperm unite with the chromosomes from the mother's egg, creating a new cell called a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  zygote 
B)  blastocyst 
C)  genome 
D)  embryo

Question 17

A young woman recovering from a blow to her head finds she has great difficulty maintaining her balance and coordinating her movements. Injury to which part of her brain is likely to be causing her difficulties?

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebral cortex 
B)  cerebellum 
C)  medulla 
D)  thalamus

Question 18

At the end of each branch of an axon, there is a tiny swelling called a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  synaptic knob 
B)  receptor site 
C)  synaptic vesicle 
D)  synaptic cleft

Question 19

The central nervous system contains about ________ percent of the body's neurons.

Accepted Answer

A)  70 
B)  10 
C)  30 
D)  90

Question 20

A member of a gene pair that controls the appearance of a certain trait, no matter what other type of gene it is paired with is called a ________ gene.

Accepted Answer

A)  recombinant 
B)  mutated 
C)  recessive 
D)  dominant

Exam 2: The Biological Basis of Behavior