Question 1

When someone reveals too much, too soon in communicating with someone else, the other person is likely to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  withdraw and stop communicating 
B)  continue the relationship as if nothing had happened 
C)  speed up the pace at which he or she reveals information 
D)  listen more and further explore what has been revealed

Question 2

Roberta is trying to decide whether or not to vote for a political candidate. In her opinion, he is not qualified for the position, but she agrees with his political positions. Also, she trusts him and likes his decisive personality. In fact, she likes him so much she sent a small donation to his campaign. Her trust of the candidate represents the ________ component of her attitude toward him.

Accepted Answer

A)  feeling 
B)  intuition 
C)  behavioral tendency 
D)  belief

Question 3

Studies on similarity and attractiveness have found that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  similarity appears to be unrelated to attraction 
B)  complementarity is a more powerful influence on attraction than similarity 
C)  the more similar two people are, the weaker the attraction, because of boredom 
D)  the more similar two people are, the stronger the attraction between them

Question 4

Most of us associate ________ with good personality traits, intelligence, and happiness.

Accepted Answer

A)  wealth 
B)  attractiveness 
C)  old age 
D)  youth

Question 5

The communication model of persuasion identifies ________ key elements people use to change attitudes and behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  four 
B)  three 
C)  two 
D)  five

Question 6

A relatively stable organization of beliefs, feelings, and behavior tendencies toward something or someone else is a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  affect 
B)  attitude 
C)  cognition 
D)  archetype

Question 7

Brian is taught to understand the values of the Japanese by explaining to others the reasons behind some of their customs and practices. This technique of helping Brian to learn and respect a different culture is known as a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  social enhancer 
B)  cultural truism 
C)  cultural assimilator 
D)  normative technique

Question 8

A shared idea or expectation of how one should behave in various situations is called a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cultural assimilator 
B)  cultural truism 
C)  norm 
D)  folkway

Question 9

Both Ruth and Mike oppose abortion. However, a researcher offers Ruth $3 and Mike $300 to write an essay on reasons why abortion should be legalized. Both Ruth and Mike comply with this request. The most likely outcome is that Ruth will experience ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the same amount of cognitive dissonance as Mike 
B)  less cognitive dissonance than will Mike 
C)  no cognitive dissonance, but Mike will 
D)  more cognitive dissonance than will Mike

Question 10

A set of beliefs or expectations about something that is based on past experience is a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  perceptual norm 
B)  rationale 
C)  schema 
D)  projective influence

Question 11

According to Heider, we usually attribute someone's behavior to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  internal causes only 
B)  either internal or external causes, but not both at the same time 
C)  internal and external causes at the same time 
D)  external causes only

Question 12

Which of the following illustrates the power of complementary traits?

Accepted Answer

A)  a dominant woman marries a submissive man 
B)  two tennis players become good friends 
C)  a girl marries the boy next door 
D)  a girl and a boy who both like jogging fall in love

Question 13

Asch conducted the first studies on conformity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The tendency to give too much emphasis to personal factors when accounting for other people's actions is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the Peter principle 
B)  the fundamental attribution error 
C)  the primacy effect 
D)  defensive attribution

Question 15

The fundamental attribution error is part of the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  just-world hypothesis 
B)  self-serving bias 
C)  actor-observer bias 
D)  primacy effect

Question 16

The best medium for making people understand complex arguments is a(n) ________ presentation.

Accepted Answer

A)  written 
B)  audiotaped 
C)  videotaped 
D)  live

Question 17

The tendency for an individual to observe a situation for cues about how he or she should react is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-efficacy 
B)  situational narcissism 
C)  self-monitoring 
D)  a reaction formation

Question 18

The disastrous decisions made in such historical events as the Watergate cover-up, the Challenger disaster, and the Bay of Pigs invasion were due primarily to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  altruism 
B)  groupthink 
C)  risky shift 
D)  polarization

Question 19

According to Kelley, we rely on ________ kinds of information to draw conclusions about the causes of behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  three 
B)  two 
C)  four 
D)  five

Question 20

The tendency to explain our successes according to our personal abilities and attribute our failures to forces beyond our control is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the primacy effect 
B)  the fundamental attribution error 
C)  a self-delusional thought 
D)  a defensive attribution

Exam 14: Social Psychology