Question 1

The idea that sleep allows the brain and body to restore depleted chemical resources and eliminate wastes is known as the __________ theory of sleep.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The idea that sleep allows the brain...

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a result of taking amphetamines?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased energy 
B)  Increased alertness 
C)  Decreased appetite 
D)  Decreased libido

Question 3

Meditation is a technique designed to _____ awareness of the outer world, and ______ awareness of one's inner state.

Accepted Answer

A)  increase / increase 
B)  decrease / increase 
C)  increase / decrease 
D)  decrease / decrease

Question 4

Alcoholism is implicated in about ____% of all fatal automobile accidents in the U.S.

Accepted Answer

A)  20 
B)  30 
C)  40 
D)  50

Question 5

Leanne is meditating. She is imagining herself as another person. Leanne is taking a(n) ________ approach to meditation.

Accepted Answer

A)  yogic 
B)  opening-up 
C)  koanic 
D)  concentrative

Question 6

A biological explanation for dreaming that suggests that dreams activate specific brain structures to synthesize the meaning of internal signals is know as the __________ model.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A biological explanation for dreaming that suggests...

Question 7

As we age, what types of changes in our sleep patterns can we expect?

Accepted Answer

The answer of As we age, what types of changes...

Question 8

Of the men testing positive for HIV in Los Angeles in 2004, what proportion reported having used methamphetamine?

Accepted Answer

A)  1/5 
B)  1/4 
C)  1/3 
D)  1/2

Question 9

Which of the following alternatives best represents the sequence of events by which melatonin is secreted in the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  suprachiasmatic nucleus $\rightarrow$ pineal gland $\rightarrow$ melatonin 
B)  pineal gland $\rightarrow$ suprachiasmatic nucleus $\rightarrow$ melatonin 
C)  suprachiasmatic nucleus + pineal gland $\rightarrow$ melatonin 
D)  suprachiasmatic nucleus $\rightarrow$ pituitary gland $\rightarrow$ melatonin

Question 10

Ethyl alcohol slows brain activity by binding to the receptor sites of which neurotransmitter?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ethyl alcohol slows brain activity by binding...

Question 11

Cocaine exerts its pleasurable effects in the brain by:

Accepted Answer

A)  stabilizing dopamine activity 
B)  increasing dopamine activity 
C)  increasing serotonin activity 
D)  mimicking endorphins

Question 12

In the 1970s, marijuana use rarely led to addiction. Why, then, are so many marijuana smokers now getting caught in pattern of addiction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Marijuana is more readily available than in the past. 
B)  Marijuana use itself is increasing, because it has become more socially acceptable than it was in the past. 
C)  Marijuana today contains more THC than it did in the past. 
D)  Marijuana is more often mixed with stronger drugs, such as cocaine, than was the case in the past.

Question 13

Weiskrantz's study suggested that the areas of the brain that allow us to attend to stimuli are different from the areas that make us aware that we are attending to such stimuli. The term used to describe this phenomenon is __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Weiskrantz's study suggested that the areas of...

Question 14

Approximately what proportion of American adults becomes addicted to benzodiazepines at some point in their lives?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.5% 
B)  1% 
C)  2% 
D)  5%

Question 15

How does the presence of melatonin influence the sleep-wake cycle?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How does the presence of melatonin influence...

Question 16

Do we demonstrate heightened awareness of our actions when a task is novel or familiar? Explain how task familiarity is related to our sense of awareness.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Do we demonstrate heightened awareness of our...

Question 17

Which neuroscientist is most closely associated with split-brain studies? What did these studies demonstrate regarding consciousness?

Accepted Answer

A)  Split-brain studies are associated with Roger Sperry. The studies show that the left hemisphere contributes to verbal awareness, while the right hemisphere underlies nonverbal awareness. 
B)  Split-brain studies are associated with Roger Sperry. The studies show that the right hemisphere contributes to verbal awareness, while the left hemisphere underlies nonverbal awareness. 
C)  Split-brain studies are associated with Lawrence Weiskrantz. The studies show that the left hemisphere contributes to verbal awareness, while the right hemisphere underlies nonverbal awareness. 
D)  Split-brain studies are associated with Lawrence Weiskrantz. The studies show that the right hemisphere contributes to verbal awareness, while the left hemisphere underlies nonverbal awareness.

Question 18

Proponents of which dream theory are LEAST likely to view lucid dreaming an as especially important phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A)  information processing theory 
B)  object relations theory 
C)  Freudian dream theory 
D)  activation-synthesis theory

Question 19

Today, Jaquanda saw a woman she met last night at a college fundraiser, but could not remember her name. She could only remember that her name started with the letter "B". At what level of consciousness does this name information reside?

Accepted Answer

A)  Preconscious 
B)  Unconscious 
C)  Conscious 
D)  Altered

Question 20

Benzodiazepines include each of the following drugs EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Ritalin 
B)  Valium 
C)  Xanax 
D)  Ativan

Exam 6: Consciousness