Question 1

________ are the events that lead to the experience of stress.

Accepted Answer

A) Repressed stimuli 
B) Negative reinforcers 
C) Traumas 
D) Stressors

Question 2

Jonah (male)and Lacey (female)just got married.Although every marriage is different,how is their marriage most likely to affect their health?

Accepted Answer

A) Jonah's health will benefit from the marriage while Lacey's health with suffer. 
B) Lacey's health will benefit from the marriage while Jonah's health with suffer. 
C) Both Jonah and Lacey will benefit,but Jonah will benefit more. 
D) Both Jonah and Lacey will benefit,but Lacey will benefit more.

Question 3

Optimism is linked with

Accepted Answer

A) better physical health. 
B) higher mortality rate. 
C) genetic inheritance. 
D) racial and ethnic background.

Question 4

Many people cope with stressful life events through _______________,which refers to psychological strategies people use to preserve a sense of nonrandom order when personal control is compromised.

Accepted Answer

A) compensatory control 
B) post-traumatic growth 
C) pessimistic explanatory styles 
D) negative affectivity

Question 5

In a famous study,Seligman and his colleagues trained dogs that a tone predicted an inescapable shock.When the dogs were put into a situation where they could avoid the shock simply by moving to a "safe zone," they would simply lie down and receive the shock.This phenomenon is called

Accepted Answer

A) animal pessimism. 
B) learned helplessness. 
C) a pessimistic response pattern. 
D) negative affectivity.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the current research on whether smoking in movies contributes to adolescent smoking?

Accepted Answer

A) As smoking in the movies increases,adolescent smoking decreases. 
B) As smoking in the movies decreases,adolescent smoking increases. 
C) As smoking in the movies increases,adolescent smoking increases. 
D) All research,to date,has found no relationship between smoking in the movies and adolescent smoking rates.

Question 7

Adelaida hears a rattling sound as she hikes through the desert.Her muscles tense and her blood pressure rises.According to Hans Selye,she is in the

Accepted Answer

A) fight phase. 
B) alarm phase. 
C) exhaustion phase. 
D) resistance phase.

Question 8

People living under chronic stressful conditions tend to get sick more often than they would otherwise.How do researchers explain this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A) Chronic stress tends to reduce immune system functioning,thus making us more vulnerable to diseases. 
B) Chronic stress leads to a lowering of the heart rate,which makes the heart inefficient. 
C) Acute stress makes muscles stronger,which places a greater burden on the heart and respiratory system. 
D) The body tends to adapt to the constant call for the stress response and,thus,future responses are not as strong as before.

Question 9

Although Kassie has had a very stressful year-losing her whole family in a car crash-she has managed to remain positive and optimistic about the future.It is likely that Kassie has strong _________,which will protect her from the negative outcomes of the stress she has been enduring.

Accepted Answer

A) stress appraisal 
B) social isolation 
C) social resilience 
D) social contagion

Question 10

Which of the following would most likely be an acute stressor?

Accepted Answer

A) growing up in poverty 
B) long-term unemployment 
C) having a fight with your partner 
D) having a relative with mental illness

Question 11

_________ is the leading cause of preventable disease and death in Canada.

Accepted Answer

A) Obesity 
B) Drug use 
C) Alcohol use 
D) Smoking

Question 12

Generally speaking,lower levels of arousal facilitate ______________,while higher levels of arousal facilitate ______________.

Accepted Answer

A) studying;test taking 
B) test taking;studying 
C) solving complex tasks;solving simple tasks 
D) solving simple tasks;solving complex tasks

Question 13

Gracious is experiencing absolutely no stress while taking a test.What effect could this have on his performance,and why?

Accepted Answer

A) It will improve his grade because he will experience less distraction. 
B) It will improve his grade because he will be able to recall information more easily. 
C) It will lower his grade because his arousal level will not be optimal. 
D) It will lower his grade because suppressing stress taxes cognitive resources.

Question 14

When a person is under stress,the hypothalamus activates the __________ nervous system,producing the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine into the body.

Accepted Answer

A) somatic 
B) central 
C) autonomic 
D) endocrine

Question 15

Vasopressin and oxytocin have been found to __________ the release of cortisol and _________ inflammation.

Accepted Answer

A) increase;increase 
B) increase;reduce 
C) decrease;increase 
D) decrease;reduce

Question 16

Nelson has recently begun to feel that he has no control over his life.Which of the following is he most likely to do as a result?

Accepted Answer

A) abandon his religious beliefs 
B) adapt through post-traumatic growth 
C) develop a negative affectivity towards the world 
D) adopt superstitious beliefs to explain events

Question 17

____________ refers to the processes used to manage demands,stress,and conflict.

Accepted Answer

A) Reliance 
B) Coping 
C) Affectivity 
D) Biofeedback

Question 18

Imagine that you have just flunked a class.You evaluate this situation and decide that flunking a class is stressful and important enough to be upset about.Next you decide to repeat the class in summer school.You have made

Accepted Answer

A) a primary appraisal only. 
B) both a primary and a secondary appraisal. 
C) a social readjustment. 
D) a daily hassle coping decision.

Question 19

Men who experience ongoing stress are at a much higher risk of developing coronary heart disease compared to other men.What is the connection between chronic stress and heart disease?

Accepted Answer

A) Stress hormones slow down heart rate,decreasing circulation and allowing plaques to build up. 
B) Stress overstimulates heart tissue,which leads to damage. 
C) Stress hormones block the absorption of oxygen into the blood,leading to enlargement of the heart. 
D) Stress triggers the inflammatory response,which leads to the development of plaques.

Question 20

Some researchers believe that the body has a mechanism known as a(n)________,that serves to keep your body weight within a small range.

Accepted Answer

A) mass index 
B) set point 
C) energy balance 
D) weight restriction

Exam 14: C: Health, Stress, and Coping