Exam 12: Gene Mutation, Dna Repair, and Homologous Recombination

You would like to induce a transversion mutation into a sequence of DNA. Which type of chemical mutagen would give you the best chance of inducing the correct mutation without causing transition mutations as well?

What term describes a gene or region of a genome where mutations occur much more often than average?

________ are structures that have the same composition and general arrangement but a slight difference in bonding and placement of a hydrogen.

Which bases would you mutate to create a nonsense transition mutation? 5′-ATG GGA TGG CAC CTG-3′

You have conducted an Ames test on a given compound. Which of the following would be classified as a positive result on the Ames test?

Localized mutations that occur at a specific or identifiable location on a gene are better known as what?

Using the underlined adenines in the following sequence, how could you mutate the sequence to create a missense transition mutation? 5′-ATG GGA TGG CAC CTG-3′

What two types of spontaneous damage to individual nucleotides are associated with subsequent mutation?

DNA glycosylase inhibitors are used to study which DNA repair mechanism?

Double-strand breaks cause genomic instability and are thus potentially lethal to cells. They also greatly increase the risk of cancer and the chance of chromosome structural mutations. Compare and contrast the two mechanisms of double-strand break repair. Why would one mechanism be used over another?

DNA damage signaling processes are essential for regulating the ________ transition within the cell cycle.

An intercalating agent such as aflatoxin is more likely to cause which type of mutation?