Exam 17: Applications of Recombinant Dna Technology and Reverse Genetics

What characteristics of plants allow them to be cloned relatively easily, whereas cloning in animals is rare and difficult to achieve?

If a plant species cannot readily have a new gene integrated into it via a Ti plasmid, it must then be subjected to different methods. These often include removing the cell wall and inserting DNA, after treating the membrane with heat or electricity to do what to the membrane?

Snuppy, a male Afghan hound, was created by transferring the nucleus from an ear cell of the male Afghan, Tai, into an enucleated egg from a donor. The embryo was transplanted into a surrogate mother to develop to term. Which of the following animals would be a genetic match for Snuppy if nuclear DNA were tested and if Snuppy were not a clone, but the product of in vitro fertilization?

Discuss the ethical and societal reasons for and against germ-line gene therapy.

In selecting recombinant bacteria, cells are chosen that are resistant to a specific antibiotic. How are the bacteria made resistant?

Snuppy, a male Afghan hound, was created by transferring the nucleus from an ear cell of the male Afghan, Tai, into an enucleated egg from a donor. The embryo was transplanted into a surrogate mother to develop to term. Which of the following animals would be a genetic match for Snuppy if mitochondrial DNA were tested?

In forensics, the laws in the United States and elsewhere allow the establishment of databases of PCR amplification of short tandem repeats (STRs)of the Y chromosome. Which of these statements would provide an appropriate basis for making such databases divided by ethnicity?

Which type of DNA library (genomic or cDNA)would include introns and promoters?

Which of the following is a possible advantage for the environment of having farmers use plants that genetically produce Bt toxin?

One use of PCR has been to monitor the trafficking of endangered organisms. Suppose that one suspect was accused of illegally importing a specific animal, but the suspect asserts that the young animal had been bred in this country from two resident zoo animals. How would you best proceed?

Snuppy, a male Afghan hound, was created by transferring the nucleus from an ear cell of the male Afghan, Tai, into an enucleated egg from a donor. The embryo was transplanted into a surrogate mother to develop to term. Which of the following animals would be a genetic match for Snuppy if mitochondrial DNA were tested and if Snuppy were not a clone, but the product of in vitro fertilization?

Suppose a gene from a cow is introduced into a frog. This results in a ________ transgene.

In the construction of a YAC library, each chromosome has the advantage of being able to hold very long DNA sequences. However, besides selectable marker(s)the YAC vector must minimally include which of the following?

In the case of Jesse Gelsinger, a young man who died during gene therapy, the therapy involved delivery via a viral vector. Was this germ-line or somatic therapy?

How can you use the known human cDNA gene sequence for cytC that you already have in an experiment(s)to identify and compare the sequences from other vertebrates?

In producing an E. coli plasmid to be an expression vector, an experimenter includes genes for selectable markers and a promoter for the expression of the introduced genes. She uses a cDNA sequence to ensure the insert contains no introns. The gene inserted is transcribed, but not translated. What sequence did she omit from the plasmid?

One way to genetically engineer S. cerevisiae is by homologous recombination. If a given sequence is thus introduced and is integrated via two regions of homology, is it more probably introduced as a linear or as a circular entity?

What technique of genomic library construction allows the genome to be cut by a given restriction enzyme at some but not all recognition sequences?

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is often used in the production of transgenic plants because of its Ti plasmid. This plasmid is usually "disarmed" by deleting its tumor genes along with the genes for producing what products that would have been advantageous to the bacterium?

In species X, the UUU codon for phenylalanine is used significantly more frequently than other phenylalanine codons, and knowing this allows the scientist to manipulate translation efficiency. This unequal frequency is known as ________.