Question 1

Which of the following elements makeup most of the rocks in Earth's crust?

Accepted Answer

A)  Silicon and Oxygen 
B)  Iron and Magnesium 
C)  Iron and Calcium 
D)  Silicon and Aluminum 
E)  Carbon and Iron 
A)  Silicon and Oxygen 
B)  Iron and Magnesium 
C)  Iron and Calcium 
D)  Silicon and Aluminum 
E)  Carbon and Iron A

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a subatomic particle found in the nucleus of atoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Photon 
B)  Proton 
C)  Neutron 
D)  Electron 
A)  Photon 
B)  Proton 
C)  Neutron 
D)  Electron A

Question 3

When using rocks to study Earth's history, information about the surface environment is best provided by which of the following types of rock?

Accepted Answer

A)  limestone and shale 
B)  granite and basalt 
C)  schist and slate 
D)  quartzite and marble 
E)  dunite and rhyolite 
A)  limestone and shale 
B)  granite and basalt 
C)  schist and slate 
D)  quartzite and marble 
E)  dunite and rhyolite A

Question 4

Which of the following best explains how foliated metamorphic rocks form?

Accepted Answer

A)  By increased pressure. 
B)  By circulation of hot fluids. 
C)  By hot mantle plumes. 
D)  By alignment with Earth's magnetic field. 
E)  All of the answers listed here. 
A)  By increased pressure. 
B)  By circulation of hot fluids. 
C)  By hot mantle plumes. 
D)  By alignment with Earth's magnetic field. 
E)  All of the answers listed here.

Question 5

All minerals have a unique combination of internal structure and chemical composition. The structure and chemistry of minerals determines which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  The physical and chemical properties of minerals. 
B)  Where minerals are found in the crust. 
C)  The grain size of minerals. 
D)  Whether minerals form from magma or water. 
E)  Whether minerals form on the surface or deep within the crust. 
A)  The physical and chemical properties of minerals. 
B)  Where minerals are found in the crust. 
C)  The grain size of minerals. 
D)  Whether minerals form from magma or water. 
E)  Whether minerals form on the surface or deep within the crust.

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of a detrital sedimentary rock?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sandstone 
B)  Marble 
C)  Chert 
D)  Quartzite 
E)  Schist 
A)  Sandstone 
B)  Marble 
C)  Chert 
D)  Quartzite 
E)  Schist

Question 7

Which of the following statements best descrubes extrusive igneous rocks?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cool on the surface and have a fine-grained texture (small mineral crystals). 
B)  Cool on the surface and have a course-grained texture (large mineral crystals). 
C)  Cool beneath the surface and have a fine-grained texture (small mineral crystals). 
D)  Cool beneath the surface and have a course-grained texture (large mineral crystals). 
A)  Cool on the surface and have a fine-grained texture (small mineral crystals). 
B)  Cool on the surface and have a course-grained texture (large mineral crystals). 
C)  Cool beneath the surface and have a fine-grained texture (small mineral crystals). 
D)  Cool beneath the surface and have a course-grained texture (large mineral crystals).

Question 8

Which of the following terms do geologists use to describe the process whereby rocks are mechanically broken down into smaller pieces?

Accepted Answer

A)  Physical weathering 
B)  Chemical weathering 
C)  Disintegration weathering 
D)  Disaggregation weathering 
E)  Pulverization weathering 
A)  Physical weathering 
B)  Chemical weathering 
C)  Disintegration weathering 
D)  Disaggregation weathering 
E)  Pulverization weathering

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a rock forming mineral or mineral group?

Accepted Answer

A)  Amorphosite 
B)  Feldspar Group 
C)  Quartz 
D)  Calcite 
E)  Clay Mineral Group 
A)  Amorphosite 
B)  Feldspar Group 
C)  Quartz 
D)  Calcite 
E)  Clay Mineral Group

Question 10

The term lava is used to refer to molten rock that makes its way onto Earth's surface environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why rocks can be used to interpret the geologic past?

Accepted Answer

A)  Different types of rocks form in different types of environments. 
B)  The minerals in rocks tell us how old rocks are. 
C)  Rocks contain varying amounts of carbon. 
D)  The hardness of rocks tells us how old they are. 
E)  The chemical composition of rocks tells us how old they are. 
A)  Different types of rocks form in different types of environments. 
B)  The minerals in rocks tell us how old rocks are. 
C)  Rocks contain varying amounts of carbon. 
D)  The hardness of rocks tells us how old they are. 
E)  The chemical composition of rocks tells us how old they are.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT true regarding clay minerals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Precipitate out of magmas. 
B)  Are a rock forming mineral group. 
C)  Form when feldspar and ferromagnesian minerals break down. 
D)  Are a major component of soils. 
E)  Are extremely small compared to sand-sized grains. 
A)  Precipitate out of magmas. 
B)  Are a rock forming mineral group. 
C)  Form when feldspar and ferromagnesian minerals break down. 
D)  Are a major component of soils. 
E)  Are extremely small compared to sand-sized grains.

Question 13

Earth's crustal rocks have a higher density compared to the Earth as a whole.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

All metamorphic rocks have a foliated texture.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following best describes how metamorphic rocks form?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased pressure and temperature 
B)  Crystallization of magma 
C)  Lithification of sediment 
D)  Precipitation of minerals 
E)  Weathering and erosion 
A)  Increased pressure and temperature 
B)  Crystallization of magma 
C)  Lithification of sediment 
D)  Precipitation of minerals 
E)  Weathering and erosion

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of how chemical sedimentary rocks form?

Accepted Answer

A)  Precipitation of dissolved ions as a water body evaporates. 
B)  Hot fluids circulating through rocks deep within the crust. 
C)  Sandstones that undergo deposition. 
D)  Weathering of slate. 
E)  Collision of continental landmasses. 
A)  Precipitation of dissolved ions as a water body evaporates. 
B)  Hot fluids circulating through rocks deep within the crust. 
C)  Sandstones that undergo deposition. 
D)  Weathering of slate. 
E)  Collision of continental landmasses.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes what happens when a sedimentary rock is heated to the point it completely melts and later re-crystallizes?

Accepted Answer

A)  It becomes an igneous rock. 
B)  It becomes a metamorphic rock. 
C)  It remains a sedimentary rock. 
D)  This is not a likely or realistic scenario. 
A)  It becomes an igneous rock. 
B)  It becomes a metamorphic rock. 
C)  It remains a sedimentary rock. 
D)  This is not a likely or realistic scenario.

Question 18

Which of the following statements best describe what geologists refer to as rock-forming minerals?

Accepted Answer

A)  The few dozen or so minerals that make up most of the rocks in Earth's crust. 
B)  The minerals found in rocks that are the most durable and hard. 
C)  Consist of over 4,000 types of minerals that make up most of the rocks in Earth's crust. 
D)  The minerals that form after a rock has already turned into a solid. 
E)  The minerals that were present in the original rocks that cooled to form Earth's crust. 
A)  The few dozen or so minerals that make up most of the rocks in Earth's crust. 
B)  The minerals found in rocks that are the most durable and hard. 
C)  Consist of over 4,000 types of minerals that make up most of the rocks in Earth's crust. 
D)  The minerals that form after a rock has already turned into a solid. 
E)  The minerals that were present in the original rocks that cooled to form Earth's crust.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a type chemical reaction that breaks down minerals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fusion 
B)  Dissolution 
C)  Hydrolysis 
D)  Oxidation 
E)  Reduction 
A)  Fusion 
B)  Dissolution 
C)  Hydrolysis 
D)  Oxidation 
E)  Reduction

Question 20

Geologists are able to study processes that form rocks here on Earth and then use this information to help interpret the geologic history of other planets.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Which of the following elements makeup most of the rocks in Earth's crust?

Which of the following is NOT a subatomic particle found in the nucleus of atoms?

When using rocks to study Earth's history, information about the surface environment is best provided by which of the following types of rock?

Which of the following best explains how foliated metamorphic rocks form?

All minerals have a unique combination of internal structure and chemical composition. The structure and chemistry of minerals determines which of the following?

Which of the following is an example of a detrital sedimentary rock?

Which of the following statements best descrubes extrusive igneous rocks?

Which of the following terms do geologists use to describe the process whereby rocks are mechanically broken down into smaller pieces?

Which of the following is NOT a rock forming mineral or mineral group?

The term lava is used to refer to molten rock that makes its way onto Earth's surface environment.

Which of the following best explains why rocks can be used to interpret the geologic past?

Which of the following is NOT true regarding clay minerals?

Earth's crustal rocks have a higher density compared to the Earth as a whole.

All metamorphic rocks have a foliated texture.

Which of the following best describes how metamorphic rocks form?

Which of the following is an example of how chemical sedimentary rocks form?

Which of the following best describes what happens when a sedimentary rock is heated to the point it completely melts and later re-crystallizes?

Which of the following statements best describe what geologists refer to as rock-forming minerals?

Which of the following is NOT a type chemical reaction that breaks down minerals?

Geologists are able to study processes that form rocks here on Earth and then use this information to help interpret the geologic history of other planets.

Humans and the Geologic Environment

Earth From a Larger Perspective

Earths Structure and Plate Tectonics

Earthquakes and Related Hazards

Volcanoes and Related Hazards

Mass Wasting and Related Hazards

Streams and Flooding

Coastal Hazards

Soil Resources

Water Resources

Mineral and Rock Resources

Conventional Fossil Fuel Resources

Alternative Energy Resources

Pollution and Waste Disposal

Global Climate Change

Filters

Exam 3: Earth Materials

Which of the following elements makeup most of the rocks in Earth's crust?

Which of the following is NOT a subatomic particle found in the nucleus of atoms?

When using rocks to study Earth's history, information about the surface environment is best provided by which of the following types of rock?

Which of the following best explains how foliated metamorphic rocks form?

All minerals have a unique combination of internal structure and chemical composition. The structure and chemistry of minerals determines which of the following?

Which of the following is an example of a detrital sedimentary rock?

Which of the following statements best descrubes extrusive igneous rocks?

Which of the following terms do geologists use to describe the process whereby rocks are mechanically broken down into smaller pieces?

Which of the following is NOT a rock forming mineral or mineral group?

The term lava is used to refer to molten rock that makes its way onto Earth's surface environment.

Which of the following best explains why rocks can be used to interpret the geologic past?

Which of the following is NOT true regarding clay minerals?

Earth's crustal rocks have a higher density compared to the Earth as a whole.

All metamorphic rocks have a foliated texture.

Which of the following best describes how metamorphic rocks form?

Which of the following is an example of how chemical sedimentary rocks form?

Which of the following best describes what happens when a sedimentary rock is heated to the point it completely melts and later re-crystallizes?

Which of the following statements best describe what geologists refer to as rock-forming minerals?

Which of the following is NOT a type chemical reaction that breaks down minerals?

Geologists are able to study processes that form rocks here on Earth and then use this information to help interpret the geologic history of other planets.

Humans and the Geologic Environment

Earth From a Larger Perspective

Earths Structure and Plate Tectonics

Earthquakes and Related Hazards

Volcanoes and Related Hazards

Mass Wasting and Related Hazards

Streams and Flooding

Coastal Hazards

Soil Resources

Water Resources

Mineral and Rock Resources

Conventional Fossil Fuel Resources

Alternative Energy Resources

Pollution and Waste Disposal

Global Climate Change

Filters