Question 1

Free radicals are molecules that contain an unpaired electron in their outer orbital.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Elevated blood levels of lactate dehydrogenase may assist in the diagnosis of which medical condition?

Accepted Answer

A) Paget's disease 
B) pancreatitis 
C) muscular dystrophy 
D) myocardial infarction 
A) Paget's disease 
B) pancreatitis 
C) muscular dystrophy 
D) myocardial infarction

Question 3

The rate-limiting enzyme in the electron transport chain is

Accepted Answer

A) phosphofructokinase. 
B) isocitrate dehydrogenase. 
C) myosin ATPase. 
D) cytochrome oxidase. 
A) phosphofructokinase. 
B) isocitrate dehydrogenase. 
C) myosin ATPase. 
D) cytochrome oxidase.

Question 4

The total ATP tally from the aerobic breakdown of glucose is

Accepted Answer

A) 32 ATP. 
B) 36 ATP. 
C) 38 ATP. 
D) 39 ATP. 
A) 32 ATP. 
B) 36 ATP. 
C) 38 ATP. 
D) 39 ATP.

Question 5

Stored polysaccharides in muscle and other tissues in animals are called

Accepted Answer

A) glucose. 
B) fructose. 
C) glycogen. 
D) cellulose. 
A) glucose. 
B) fructose. 
C) glycogen. 
D) cellulose.

Question 6

The rate limiting enzyme in the Krebs cycle is

Accepted Answer

A) isocitrate dehydrogenase. 
B) hexokinase. 
C) succinate dehydrogenase. 
D) cytochrome oxidase. 
A) isocitrate dehydrogenase. 
B) hexokinase. 
C) succinate dehydrogenase. 
D) cytochrome oxidase.

Question 7

The simplest and most rapid method of producing ATP during exercise is through

Accepted Answer

A) glycolysis. 
B) ATP-CP system. 
C) aerobic metabolism. 
D) glycogenolysis. 
A) glycolysis. 
B) ATP-CP system. 
C) aerobic metabolism. 
D) glycogenolysis.

Question 8

The actual net ATP yield from aerobic metabolism of one molecule of glucose is different from the theoretical yield because

Accepted Answer

A) the net production of ATP is higher than previously thought. 
B) it accounts for the fact that the energy provided by NADH and FADH is required not only for ATP production but also to transport ATP across the mitochondrial membrane. 
C) it eliminates the ATP derived from NADH. 
D) All of these answers are correct. 
A) the net production of ATP is higher than previously thought. 
B) it accounts for the fact that the energy provided by NADH and FADH is required not only for ATP production but also to transport ATP across the mitochondrial membrane. 
C) it eliminates the ATP derived from NADH. 
D) All of these answers are correct.

Question 9

Coupled reactions are defined as

Accepted Answer

A) reactions that are linked together via the same enzyme. 
B) reactions that are linked together,with the liberation of free energy in one reaction being used to drive the second reaction. 
C) reactions that are not directly linked together but are require the same enzyme. 
D) reactions that are linked together because they act upon common substrates. 
A) reactions that are linked together via the same enzyme. 
B) reactions that are linked together,with the liberation of free energy in one reaction being used to drive the second reaction. 
C) reactions that are not directly linked together but are require the same enzyme. 
D) reactions that are linked together because they act upon common substrates.

Question 10

The primary purpose of the Krebs cycle is to

Accepted Answer

A) complete the oxidation of foodstuffs using NAD and FAD as hydrogen (electron)carriers. 
B) catalyze the phosphorylation of ADP from creatine phosphate. 
C) oxidize foodstuffs and transfer those electrons to pyruvic acid. 
D) convert lactate to pyruvate. 
A) complete the oxidation of foodstuffs using NAD and FAD as hydrogen (electron)carriers. 
B) catalyze the phosphorylation of ADP from creatine phosphate. 
C) oxidize foodstuffs and transfer those electrons to pyruvic acid. 
D) convert lactate to pyruvate.

Question 11

The term lactate refers to

Accepted Answer

A) a potential end-product of glycolysis. 
B) the conjugate base of lactic acid. 
C) the salt of lactic acid. 
D) all of the above answers are correct. 
A) a potential end-product of glycolysis. 
B) the conjugate base of lactic acid. 
C) the salt of lactic acid. 
D) all of the above answers are correct.

Question 12

The breakdown of glycogen into glucose is called gluconeogenesis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

By definition,an endergonic reaction is

Accepted Answer

A) a chemical reaction that requires energy to be added to the reactants before the reaction will take place. 
B) a chemical reaction that gives off energy. 
C) an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. 
D) a chemical reaction that results in products that are identical in structure. 
A) a chemical reaction that requires energy to be added to the reactants before the reaction will take place. 
B) a chemical reaction that gives off energy. 
C) an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. 
D) a chemical reaction that results in products that are identical in structure.

Question 14

Compounds that contain carbon are called inorganic compounds.
38.The field of molecular biology is concerned with understanding the regulation of proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Each pair of electrons passed through the electron transport chain from NADH to oxygen releases enough energy to form

Accepted Answer

A) 1.5 ATP. 
B) 2.5 ATP. 
C) 5.0 ATP. 
D) 10.0 ATP. 
A) 1.5 ATP. 
B) 2.5 ATP. 
C) 5.0 ATP. 
D) 10.0 ATP.

Question 16

The activity of creatine kinase is increased by a rise in ____ levels in the muscle fiber.

Accepted Answer

A) NAD. 
B) ATP. 
C) ADP. 
D) lactate. 
A) NAD. 
B) ATP. 
C) ADP. 
D) lactate.

Question 17

Aerobic production of ATP occurs in the

Accepted Answer

A) mitochondria in a process called glycolysis. 
B) mitochondria in a process called oxidative phosphorylation. 
C) mitochondria in a process called beta oxidation. 
D) cytoplasm. 
A) mitochondria in a process called glycolysis. 
B) mitochondria in a process called oxidative phosphorylation. 
C) mitochondria in a process called beta oxidation. 
D) cytoplasm.

Question 18

The two most important hydrogen (electron)carriers in bioenergetic chemical reactions are

Accepted Answer

A) NAD and ATP. 
B) FAD and ATP. 
C) NAD and FAD. 
D) NAD and LDH. 
A) NAD and ATP. 
B) FAD and ATP. 
C) NAD and FAD. 
D) NAD and LDH.

Question 19

Which of the following statements about glycolysis is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) glycolysis occurs in the mitochondrial matrix. 
B) glycolysis involves the breakdown of glucose or glycogen into two molecules of pyruvate or lactate 
C) glycolysis can start with the breakdown of fatty acids. 
D) glycolysis does NOT produce any ATP. 
A) glycolysis occurs in the mitochondrial matrix. 
B) glycolysis involves the breakdown of glucose or glycogen into two molecules of pyruvate or lactate 
C) glycolysis can start with the breakdown of fatty acids. 
D) glycolysis does NOT produce any ATP.

Question 20

The calculated efficiency for aerobic respiration is approximately

Accepted Answer

A) 0%. 
B) 34%. 
C) 100%. 
D) 66%. 
A) 0%. 
B) 34%. 
C) 100%. 
D) 66%.

Exam 4: Bioenergetics

Free radicals are molecules that contain an unpaired electron in their outer orbital.

Elevated blood levels of lactate dehydrogenase may assist in the diagnosis of which medical condition?

The rate-limiting enzyme in the electron transport chain is

The total ATP tally from the aerobic breakdown of glucose is

Stored polysaccharides in muscle and other tissues in animals are called

The rate limiting enzyme in the Krebs cycle is

The simplest and most rapid method of producing ATP during exercise is through

The actual net ATP yield from aerobic metabolism of one molecule of glucose is different from the theoretical yield because

Coupled reactions are defined as

The primary purpose of the Krebs cycle is to

The term lactate refers to

The breakdown of glycogen into glucose is called gluconeogenesis.

By definition,an endergonic reaction is

Compounds that contain carbon are called inorganic compounds. 38.The field of molecular biology is concerned with understanding the regulation of proteins.

Each pair of electrons passed through the electron transport chain from NADH to oxygen releases enough energy to form

The activity of creatine kinase is increased by a rise in ____ levels in the muscle fiber.

Aerobic production of ATP occurs in the

The two most important hydrogen (electron)carriers in bioenergetic chemical reactions are

Which of the following statements about glycolysis is correct?

The calculated efficiency for aerobic respiration is approximately

Introduction to Exercise Physiology

A: Common Measurements in Exercise Physiology

B: Common Measurements in Exercise Physiology

Control of the Internal Environment

Exercise Metabolism

Cell Signaling and Hormonal Response to Exercise

Exercise and the Immune System

The Nervous System: Structure and Control of Movement

Skeletal Muscle: Structure and Function

Circulatory Responses to Exercise

Respiration During Exercise

Acid-Base Balance

Temperature Regulation

Physiology of Training: Effect on Vo2 Max, Performance, and Strength

Preventing Chronic Disease: Physical Activity and Healthy Eating

Work Tests to Evaluate Cardiorespiratory Fitness

Exercise Prescriptions for Health and Fitness

Exercise Prescriptions for Health and Fitness

Nutrition and Body Composition for Health

Factors Affecting Performance

Laboratory Assessment of Human Performance

Training for Performance

Training for the Female Athlete, Children, Special Populations, and the Masters Athlete

Nutrition, Body Composition, and Performance

Exercise and the Environment

Ergogenic Aids

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