Exam 11: Parenting Life Now

The text gives four points of advice for good parenting practices. What are they?

With this parenting style, parents are responsive, while at the same time demanding of certain behavioral expectations. This style of parenting does not use shame, withdrawal of love, or guilt (as might authoritarian parents) to control behavior.

Of all of Baumrind's parenting styles, which has consistently been shown to be the most effective? How so?

Psychoanalytic Theory held that people in this stage developed mature sexual interests in the opposite sex.

________ believed that children learn behaviors through a series of rewards and punishments, and this series is called operant conditioning.

Divorced single mothers seem to fare better economically than do never-married single mothers.

What are the four categories of child development theories?

The Risk and Protective Factor Model assumes that every family form has strengths, or ________.

One of Baumrind's parenting styles, these parents demonstrate high levels of warmth, affection, and responsiveness toward their children, and also show adequate to high levels of parent/child communication. This parenting style does not place high demands on children, nor do parents attempt to control their children's behavior; children's behavior is mostly self-regulated.

In this co-parenting style, parents directly or indirectly agree with each other by promoting the same general message to the child.

This model of single parent families dates back to the 1970s, when single parent families were far less common that they are today. This model promoted the idea that single parent households were negative experiences for children for the sole reason that the family structure was not nuclear (Marsh, 1990).

________ 's social learning theory focused on how children acquire behaviors. He believed that the acquisition of behaviors and personality traits are the result of observing others, and that we then imitate the behaviors we observe.

________ advanced the most widely recognized cognitive development theory. His theory consisted of 4 sequential stages (sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational).

Parent educator and author Chris Theisen notes that there are eight essential parenting responsibilities. Name four.

According to the text, what are some of the factors individuals and couples need to weigh before deciding whether or not to have children?

For the most part, men and women would rather perform routine housework than residual tasks like billpaying, yard work, etc.

Children take an interest in skin color as young as 6 months old.

Racial/ethnic socialization practices have been linked to a number of positive outcomes in minority children and adolescents. The text lists four specific positive outcomes. Please list and explain each one.

Single fathers are less likely to live at or below the poverty line than are single mothers.

Please explain the theory of Maternal Role Attainment (MRA). What factors influence MRA?