Exam 6: Nursing Care of Patients With Fluid,Electrolyte,and Acid–Base Imbalances

The nurse learns that a patient's serum pH is less than 6.35.The nurse should plan care for which of the following health problems?

A patient with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus develops metabolic acidosis.Which assessment finding indicates that the patient's compensatory mechanisms are working?

A patient is hypoventilating and retaining carbon dioxide.On which acid-base imbalance should the nurse focus when caring for this patient?

Place the following individuals in order (1-4)related to their risk for dehydration,ranking from highest to lowest.

The nurse is concerned that an older patient is at risk for dehydration.What reduced function did the nurse assess in this patient?

The nurse is testing a patient for the presence of Trousseau's sign.Which patient response should the nurse recognize as a positive result?

After an assessment,the nurse determines that a patient is at risk for respiratory acidosis.Which health problem did the nurse assess to come to this conclusion?

A patient with hypertension is placed on a low-sodium diet.The nurse recognizes that further teaching is necessary if the patient chooses which menu?

A patient with severe diarrhea has a potassium imbalance.Which symptoms should the nurse expect the patient to demonstration because of this imbalance?

The nurse is preparing to assess an older patient for fluid balance.Which areas of the body should the nurse use to assess for skin turgor? (Select all that apply.)

The nurse is reviewing the composition of the body cells with a young adult patient admitted for treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus.The nurse should teach the patient that which of the following is an approximate percentage of water in the young adult body?

An older patient is admitted for treatment of fluid volume excess.For which serious respiratory complication of fluid volume excess should the nurse assess this patient?

An older adult patient has an IV infusion of 0.45% normal saline infusing at 150 mL/hr.Which assessment finding should cause the nurse to be most concerned?

The nurse is preparing to provide a patient with an IV fluid that has a lower osmolarity than blood.Which type of fluid should the nurse document that the patient is going to receive?

A patient with a history of renal failure is admitted to the hospital because of decreasing urine output and a potassium level of 5.9 mEq/L.Which food should the nurse teach the patient to avoid?

A 22-year-old patient with inflammatory bowel disease has been having 16 or more stools per day.Which symptom should the nurse expect to find during the assessment?

A patient is prescribed furosemide (Lasix).Which electrolyte should the nurse monitor carefully because of this medication?

A patient develops an irregular heart rate,abdominal cramping,and diarrhea after a thyroidectomy.Which emergency medication should the nurse anticipate being prescribed for this patient?

An older patient with a colostomy was admitted for weakness,nausea,vomiting,and loose stools.Which action should the nurse take first to determine the effectiveness of this patient's care?

The nurse is concerned that a patient has a high volume of insensible water loss.What is the patient experiencing that is causing the nurse this concern?