Exam 22: Acid-Base Balance

MATCHING Match each term with its corresponding description or definition. -a substance that prevents a sharp change in the pH of a solution when a strong acid or base is added to it

Metabolic acidosis is compensated with the loss of enough NaHCO₃ to bring the ratio back up to 20 times more H₂CO₃.

MATCHING Match each term with its corresponding description or definition. -solution that has a pH of 7 with an equal number of H⁺ and OH^- ions

The slightly lower pH of venous blood compared with arterial blood comes primarily from

The NaHCO₃ buffer system buffers lactic acid.

If one solution has a pH of 5 and a second solution has 10 times more H⁺ ions than the first solution,what would the pH level of the second solution be?

When the kidneys have acidified the urine,the level of NaHCO₃ in the blood leaving the kidneys is much lower than the level of NaHCO₃ in the blood entering the kidneys.

Lactic acid and carbonic acid are referred to as fixed acids.

A solution with a pH of 3

Define blood acidosis and blood alkalosis.

The pH scale measures the concentration of OH- ions in solution.

MATCHING Match each term with its corresponding description or definition. -the only pH regulating system that can excrete base

One unique aspect of kidney regulation of pH is that it

The urine can have an H⁺ concentration 100 times higher than the concentration in the blood.

Which of the following is considered a physiological pH control mechanism?

If a base were added to the buffer pair H₂CO₃-NaHCO₃,the concentration of NaHCO₃ would drop.

Which of the following is considered a chemical pH control mechanism?

List the four changes in the blood that result from the buffering of a fixed acid in the tissue capillaries.

Stomach acid is the body fluid with the lowest pH.

The function of carbonic anhydrase is to convert carbon dioxide and water to carbonic acid.