Exam 2: Introduction to Ethics

The theory that good actions are those aligned with the will of God is called .

A positive right is a right that obligates others to .

Thomas Hobbes argued that everyone living in a civilized society has implicitly agreed to two things: 1) establishment of moral rules to govern relations among citizens, and 2) a government capable of enforcing these rules. Hobbes calls this arrangement .

The theory that the meaning of "right" and "wrong" rests with a society's actual moral guidelines is called .

According to Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill, an action is right or wrong) to the extent that it increases or decreases) .

According to Kant, the moral value of an action depends upon

According to the second formulation of the Categorical Imperative,

Ethics is the ____________of morality.

Rules of conduct describing what people ought and ought not to do in various situations are called

Utilitarianism is an example of

We call utilitarianism a theory, because it focuses on the consequences of an action.

Which of the following is an argument in favor of ethical egoism?

The study of ethics dates back to the time of , who faced an unjust death penalty rather than take advantage of an opportunity to flee into exile with his family.

John Rawls proposed the difference principle, that says any social and economic equalities must be "to the greatest benefit of ."

Objectivism is based on the idea that

According to Kant, our sense of "ought to" is called

Two philosophers closely associated with utilitarianism are

An absolute right is a right that .

According to social contract theory, we have a obligation to obey the law.

The divine command theory is an example of