Exam 2: Culture

Ethnocentrism is purely a negative trait with no redeeming qualities.

Values,norms,and goals that a group considers worth aiming for are called ________________.

Lamont believes in democracy and equality,and when asked to describe himself he cites his appreciation for people of all races and ethnic heritages. But at the same time,Lamont believes women should not be in the armed services and he avoids taking courses from female professors. In view of this,which statement BEST describes Lamont?

Within a few blocks in midtown Manhattan,you can purchase a bagel with cream cheese,a hot dog,a steak,a polish sausage,or a pizza,as well as chow mein,lamb curry,sushi,lasagna,falafels,chicken couscous,enchiladas,and a host of ethnic specialties. This range of culinary possibilities illustrates the process of ________.

A set of values that are usually linked together to describe a larger whole,such as hard work,education,and material comfort,are classified as being a ________.

What is cultural relativism? Why do some people find it difficult to practice cultural relativism?

The two anthropologists who studied the Hopi Indians and concluded that language has embedded within it ways of looking at the world were ________.

Anthropologist Ralph Linton said,"The last thing a fish would ever notice would be water." What does this imply about culture?

In 1906,sociologist William Sumner made the comment,"One's own group is the center of everything,and all others are scaled and rated with reference to it." This statement is most aligned with the concept of ________.

According to the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis,language is nothing more than common sense expressed in words and gestures.

The author's experience in Morocco,which included the absence of women from public positions,intense stares directed at him,pushing and shoving at the train station,and total disregard for sanitation by food vendors,left the author with a profound sense of ________.

McDonald's sells Quarter Pounders in Tokyo,Moscow,Paris,Berlin,and practically every other major city in the world. Mickey Mouse and Fred Flintstone are among the most popular cartoon figures in Mexico. These are examples of ________.

Although computers are supplied by the university,many professors never quite learn how to use them. Others feel they might break them so they avoid trying anything new. Others save data to their hard drive but also make a paper copy to keep. Such behavior is an example of ________.

What is the difference between material and nonmaterial culture?

Why are subcultures often confused with countercultures?

The idea that language allows us to pass ideas,knowledge,and attitudes to the next generation shows how language ________.

Good nutrition,medical care,and housing,and a nice car are included in a classification of values in American society that sociologist Robin Williams would call ________.

What is cultural lag?

Describe the process of cultural diffusion and explain how it contributes to cultural leveling. Give an example.

The sociologist who identified ten underlying core values of American society was ________.