Exam 2: Culture and Society

Yang is researching how many groups that live in Spain seem to have their own sets of norms and values that are at times different from mainstream Spanish norms and values.Which sociological concept best describes what he is studying?

__________ refers to the application of biological principles to explain the social activities of animals,including human beings.

Johann is from the United Kingdom.In his cross-cultural studies,he sees that women in Afghanistan are often forced to wear head scarves,but women in the United Kingdom are not.He concludes,then,that women in Afghanistan would be freer if their culture were more like that of the United Kingdom.How might sociologists likely critique Johann's position?

What is the nature vs.nurture debate,and why are sociologists concerned with it?

Juanita is studying why some behaviors and social relations seem to be a part of every human society.She is researching:

The process whereby Western nations established their rule in parts of the world away from their home territories is called:

Carolina studies mainstream American culture.One of her colleagues notices that she consistently ignores material objects,such as food,clothing,and art.Why might her studies be criticized?

Alan notes that some groups who have many different words for snow tend to perceive snow differently than groups who use English.Alan is noting __________ at work.

Are developing countries merely societies that have lagged behind the more industrialized areas? In your answer,talk about colonialism and the impact of the globalized economy on developing nations.

The textbook defines a(n)__________ as a system of interrelationships that connects individuals together.

What is cultural relativism,and what are some possible benefits and pitfalls of it?

The term __________ does not refer only to people from different cultural backgrounds or to those who speak different languages within a larger society.It can also refer to any segment of the population that is distinguishable from the rest of society by its cultural patterns.

__________ is one of the best examples for demonstrating both the unity and the diversity of human culture,because there are no cultures without it.

Compare hunting and gathering societies to civilizations.In your answer,discuss power and wealth differences.

Although the majority of developing countries lag well behind societies of the West,some have now successfully embarked on a process of industrialization.These are sometimes referred to as:

Chen studies the process through which Brazil is shifting from workers mostly working in fields and living in rural villages to people living in cities and working in factories,offices,and the like.He is noting how Brazil is becoming a(n)__________ society.

Bella will be moving to the United States to study characteristics of contemporary white American culture.Why might sociologists say Bella must be careful in her study?

Mihir notes in his work on altruism that some behaviors seem innate to humans rather than learned and uses that to criticize the idea that humans are naturally selfish.Mihir is taking note of:

__________ are widely agreed-upon principles or rules people are expected to observe; they represent the dos and don'ts of social life.

Alice stole a bit of money from her friend Rosa to buy groceries.Rosa finds out and angrily chastises Alice for her behavior.What does this exchange demonstrate?