Question 1

__________ are norms governments define as principles that their citizens must follow; a __________ is any type of behavior that violates these norms.

Accepted Answer

A)  Laws; crime 
B)  Informal codes; breach 
C)  Taboos; sin 
D)  Guidelines; deviation 
A)  Laws; crime 
B)  Informal codes; breach 
C)  Taboos; sin 
D)  Guidelines; deviation

Question 2

Which researcher found that boys in the lower working class who are frustrated with their positions in life often joined in delinquent subcultures that rejected middle-class values and replaced them with norms that celebrate defiance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Albert Cohen 
B)  Robert Merton 
C)  Émile Durkheim 
D)  Kingsley Davis 
A)  Albert Cohen 
B)  Robert Merton 
C)  Émile Durkheim 
D)  Kingsley Davis

Question 3

In Robert Merton's typology,the majority of people in society are:

Accepted Answer

A)  conformists 
B)  innovators 
C)  ritualists 
D)  retreatists 
A)  conformists 
B)  innovators 
C)  ritualists 
D)  retreatists

Question 4

Compare and contrast differential association theory with control theory.Which theory do you think better explains crime? Explain.

Accepted Answer

To answer this question,the student must

Question 5

What did the Heaven's Gate cult and the computer hacker community have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both are religious groups. 
B)  Both groups are considered deviant subcultures. 
C)  Both groups struggled financially. 
D)  Both groups restricted their membership to men. 
A)  Both are religious groups. 
B)  Both groups are considered deviant subcultures. 
C)  Both groups struggled financially. 
D)  Both groups restricted their membership to men.

Question 6

A survey of homeless youth in Canada shows a strong correlation between hunger,lack of shelter,and unemployment,on the one hand,and theft,prostitution,and even violent crime on the other.Whose theory of delinquency best explains this relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)  Howard Becker 
B)  Richard A.Cloward and Lloyd E.Ohlin 
C)  Edwin H.Sutherland 
D)  Travis Hirschi 
A)  Howard Becker 
B)  Richard A.Cloward and Lloyd E.Ohlin 
C)  Edwin H.Sutherland 
D)  Travis Hirschi

Question 7

Which of the following statements concerning the criminal justice system would your textbook authors most DISAGREE with?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cost of the criminal justice system is increasing. 
B)  The number of people behind bars has increased in the past decade. 
C)  Few of us are affected by the high cost of crime. 
D)  Taxes would have to be raised to pay for the high cost of the criminal justice system. 
A)  The cost of the criminal justice system is increasing. 
B)  The number of people behind bars has increased in the past decade. 
C)  Few of us are affected by the high cost of crime. 
D)  Taxes would have to be raised to pay for the high cost of the criminal justice system.

Question 8

A renewed emphasis on crime prevention rather than law enforcement to reintegrate policing within the community is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  organized policing 
B)  corporate policing 
C)  community policing 
D)  target hardening 
A)  organized policing 
B)  corporate policing 
C)  community policing 
D)  target hardening

Question 9

Which of the following statements concerning youth and crime is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  As young people gradually transition into adulthood,they acquire social attachments and commitments that make conventional behavior rewarding. 
B)  Most youthful deviants go on to become career criminals. 
C)  Trends in drug use have shifted away from hard drugs,such as heroin,toward combinations of substances,such as amphetamines,prescription drugs such as OxyContin,alcohol,Ritalin and other stimulants. 
D)  When crack cocaine appeared in the 1980s,the media quickly defined it as the drug of choice for black,inner-city kids who listened to hip-hop. 
A)  As young people gradually transition into adulthood,they acquire social attachments and commitments that make conventional behavior rewarding. 
B)  Most youthful deviants go on to become career criminals. 
C)  Trends in drug use have shifted away from hard drugs,such as heroin,toward combinations of substances,such as amphetamines,prescription drugs such as OxyContin,alcohol,Ritalin and other stimulants. 
D)  When crack cocaine appeared in the 1980s,the media quickly defined it as the drug of choice for black,inner-city kids who listened to hip-hop.

Question 10

Which of the following statements concerning victims and perpetrators of crime is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Men are more likely to be victims and perpetrators of crime compared with women. 
B)  Older people are more likely to be victims and perpetrators of crime compared with young people. 
C)  Whites are more likely to be victims and perpetrators of crime compared with African Americans. 
D)  Residents of the suburbs are more likely to be victims and perpetrators of crime compared with inner-city residents. 
A)  Men are more likely to be victims and perpetrators of crime compared with women. 
B)  Older people are more likely to be victims and perpetrators of crime compared with young people. 
C)  Whites are more likely to be victims and perpetrators of crime compared with African Americans. 
D)  Residents of the suburbs are more likely to be victims and perpetrators of crime compared with inner-city residents.

Question 11

The term that describes rules of conduct that specify appropriate behavior in a given range of situations is:

Accepted Answer

A)  value 
B)  belief 
C)  sanction 
D)  norm 
A)  value 
B)  belief 
C)  sanction 
D)  norm

Question 12

A way of punishing criminal and deviant behavior based on rituals of public disapproval rather than incarceration is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  deviance control 
B)  differential control 
C)  target hardening 
D)  shaming 
A)  deviance control 
B)  differential control 
C)  target hardening 
D)  shaming

Question 13

Two groups of boys,one working class and the other middle class,engage in equal amounts of delinquent activities.One group is considered "just boys being boys," and the other is considered "troublemakers." Which of the following theories best explains this difference?

Accepted Answer

A)  strain theory 
B)  differential association theory 
C)  control theory 
D)  labeling theory 
A)  strain theory 
B)  differential association theory 
C)  control theory 
D)  labeling theory

Question 14

Offenses committed by large corporations in society are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  elite crime 
B)  bureaucratic crime 
C)  corporate crime 
D)  crime syndicate 
A)  elite crime 
B)  bureaucratic crime 
C)  corporate crime 
D)  crime syndicate

Question 15

Crime typically carried out by people in the more affluent sectors of society is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  organized crime 
B)  white-collar crime 
C)  serial crime 
D)  index crime 
A)  organized crime 
B)  white-collar crime 
C)  serial crime 
D)  index crime

Question 16

According to the textbook,violent crime is more common:

Accepted Answer

A)  in suburbs than in cities or small towns 
B)  in small towns than in cities or suburbs 
C)  today than in the early 1990s 
D)  in the United States than in Switzerland 
A)  in suburbs than in cities or small towns 
B)  in small towns than in cities or suburbs 
C)  today than in the early 1990s 
D)  in the United States than in Switzerland

Question 17

A subculture whose members hold values that differ substantially from those of the majority is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  a social control group 
B)  a deviant subculture 
C)  a median subculture 
D)  a normative subculture 
A)  a social control group 
B)  a deviant subculture 
C)  a median subculture 
D)  a normative subculture

Question 18

According to differential association theory,who is more likely to be a delinquent?

Accepted Answer

A)  a poor person whose friends do not commit crime 
B)  a middle-class person whose friends frequently commit crime 
C)  a person with high aspirations but few opportunities 
D)  a person with low aspirations but many opportunities 
A)  a poor person whose friends do not commit crime 
B)  a middle-class person whose friends frequently commit crime 
C)  a person with high aspirations but few opportunities 
D)  a person with low aspirations but many opportunities

Question 19

According to the textbook,police work traditionally consisted of controlling crime.Increasingly,however,police officers are more accurately described as:

Accepted Answer

A)  deviants who are committing rather than preventing crime 
B)  corrections officers who are herding criminals to prison 
C)  knowledge workers who are mapping,predicting,and reporting on risk within the population 
D)  safety patrollers who are guarding the health and welfare of citizens 
A)  deviants who are committing rather than preventing crime 
B)  corrections officers who are herding criminals to prison 
C)  knowledge workers who are mapping,predicting,and reporting on risk within the population 
D)  safety patrollers who are guarding the health and welfare of citizens

Question 20

From the perspective of labeling theory,deviance is seen as:

Accepted Answer

A)  a process of interaction between deviants and non-deviants 
B)  a set of characteristics of individuals or groups 
C)  freely chosen 
D)  an act that is universally wrong 
A)  a process of interaction between deviants and non-deviants 
B)  a set of characteristics of individuals or groups 
C)  freely chosen 
D)  an act that is universally wrong

are norms governments define as principles that their citizens must follow; a is any type of behavior that violates these norms.

Which researcher found that boys in the lower working class who are frustrated with their positions in life often joined in delinquent subcultures that rejected middle-class values and replaced them with norms that celebrate defiance?

In Robert Merton's typology,the majority of people in society are:

Compare and contrast differential association theory with control theory.Which theory do you think better explains crime? Explain.

What did the Heaven's Gate cult and the computer hacker community have in common?

A survey of homeless youth in Canada shows a strong correlation between hunger,lack of shelter,and unemployment,on the one hand,and theft,prostitution,and even violent crime on the other.Whose theory of delinquency best explains this relationship?

Which of the following statements concerning the criminal justice system would your textbook authors most DISAGREE with?

A renewed emphasis on crime prevention rather than law enforcement to reintegrate policing within the community is called:

Which of the following statements concerning youth and crime is NOT true?

Which of the following statements concerning victims and perpetrators of crime is true?

The term that describes rules of conduct that specify appropriate behavior in a given range of situations is:

A way of punishing criminal and deviant behavior based on rituals of public disapproval rather than incarceration is called:

Two groups of boys,one working class and the other middle class,engage in equal amounts of delinquent activities.One group is considered "just boys being boys," and the other is considered "troublemakers." Which of the following theories best explains this difference?

Offenses committed by large corporations in society are called:

Crime typically carried out by people in the more affluent sectors of society is called:

According to the textbook,violent crime is more common:

A subculture whose members hold values that differ substantially from those of the majority is called:

According to differential association theory,who is more likely to be a delinquent?

According to the textbook,police work traditionally consisted of controlling crime.Increasingly,however,police officers are more accurately described as:

From the perspective of labeling theory,deviance is seen as:

Sociology: Theory and Method

Culture and Society

Socialization, the Life Course, and Aging

Social Interaction and Everyday Life in the Age of the Internet

Groups, networks, and Organizations

Stratification, class, and Inequality

Global Inequality

Gender Inequality

Ethnicity and Race

Families and Intimate Relationships

Education and Religion

Politics and Economic Life

The Sociology of the Body: Health,illness,and Sexuality

Urbanization,population,and the Environment

Globalization in a Changing World

Filters

Exam 6: Conformity, deviance, and Crime

__________ are norms governments define as principles that their citizens must follow; a __________ is any type of behavior that violates these norms.

Which researcher found that boys in the lower working class who are frustrated with their positions in life often joined in delinquent subcultures that rejected middle-class values and replaced them with norms that celebrate defiance?

In Robert Merton's typology,the majority of people in society are:

Compare and contrast differential association theory with control theory.Which theory do you think better explains crime? Explain.

What did the Heaven's Gate cult and the computer hacker community have in common?

A survey of homeless youth in Canada shows a strong correlation between hunger,lack of shelter,and unemployment,on the one hand,and theft,prostitution,and even violent crime on the other.Whose theory of delinquency best explains this relationship?

Which of the following statements concerning the criminal justice system would your textbook authors most DISAGREE with?

A renewed emphasis on crime prevention rather than law enforcement to reintegrate policing within the community is called:

Which of the following statements concerning youth and crime is NOT true?

Which of the following statements concerning victims and perpetrators of crime is true?

The term that describes rules of conduct that specify appropriate behavior in a given range of situations is:

A way of punishing criminal and deviant behavior based on rituals of public disapproval rather than incarceration is called:

Two groups of boys,one working class and the other middle class,engage in equal amounts of delinquent activities.One group is considered "just boys being boys," and the other is considered "troublemakers." Which of the following theories best explains this difference?

Offenses committed by large corporations in society are called:

Crime typically carried out by people in the more affluent sectors of society is called:

According to the textbook,violent crime is more common:

A subculture whose members hold values that differ substantially from those of the majority is called:

According to differential association theory,who is more likely to be a delinquent?

According to the textbook,police work traditionally consisted of controlling crime.Increasingly,however,police officers are more accurately described as:

From the perspective of labeling theory,deviance is seen as:

Sociology: Theory and Method

Culture and Society

Socialization, the Life Course, and Aging

Social Interaction and Everyday Life in the Age of the Internet

Groups, networks, and Organizations

Stratification, class, and Inequality

Global Inequality

Gender Inequality

Ethnicity and Race

Families and Intimate Relationships

Education and Religion

Politics and Economic Life

The Sociology of the Body: Health,illness,and Sexuality

Urbanization,population,and the Environment

Globalization in a Changing World

Filters

are norms governments define as principles that their citizens must follow; a is any type of behavior that violates these norms.