Question 1

How does the World Bank measure global inequality,and what are some of the problems with measuring global inequality in this way?

Accepted Answer

The per person gross national income (GN

Question 2

How do dependency theorists explain global inequality?

Accepted Answer

Dependency theories are Marxist theories

Question 3

Why might dependency theorists criticize modernization theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  They would point out that the only way for traditional societies to develop is to shed their traditional ways. 
B)  They would argue that modernization theory ignores the fact that markets,if freed from state intervention,will develop any society. 
C)  They would point out that traditional societies are typically low income because of a history of colonialism and oppression. 
D)  They would suggest that in recent history,historically exploited nations have actually become the new exploiters through global welfare schemes. 
A)  They would point out that the only way for traditional societies to develop is to shed their traditional ways. 
B)  They would argue that modernization theory ignores the fact that markets,if freed from state intervention,will develop any society. 
C)  They would point out that traditional societies are typically low income because of a history of colonialism and oppression. 
D)  They would suggest that in recent history,historically exploited nations have actually become the new exploiters through global welfare schemes.

Question 4

The middle-income countries are primarily located in:

Accepted Answer

A)  North America 
B)  continental Europe 
C)  east and southeast Asia 
D)  sub-Saharan Africa 
A)  North America 
B)  continental Europe 
C)  east and southeast Asia 
D)  sub-Saharan Africa

Question 5

Francesco uses world-systems theory to study countries that extract profits from the world's poorest countries and yield profits for the world's wealthiest countries.He is studying what kind of nations?

Accepted Answer

A)  core 
B)  peripheral 
C)  semiperipheral 
D)  futuristic 
A)  core 
B)  peripheral 
C)  semiperipheral 
D)  futuristic

Question 6

According to the textbook,all of the following are true about people living in low-income countries EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  People living in low-income countries tend to have better health facilities compared to people living in high-income countries. 
B)  People living in low-income countries often lack proper sanitation. 
C)  People living in low-income countries often must drink polluted water. 
D)  People living in low-income countries are more likely to suffer from starvation than people in high-income countries are. 
A)  People living in low-income countries tend to have better health facilities compared to people living in high-income countries. 
B)  People living in low-income countries often lack proper sanitation. 
C)  People living in low-income countries often must drink polluted water. 
D)  People living in low-income countries are more likely to suffer from starvation than people in high-income countries are.

Question 7

Dependency theories can be described as:

Accepted Answer

A)  structural theories that show how people on welfare and other forms of social assistance become dependent on it and are thus unable to develop economically 
B)  Marxist theories of economic development arguing that the poverty of low-income countries stems directly from their exploitation by wealthy countries and the multinational corporations that are based in wealthy countries 
C)  cultural theories that suggest that some cultures are simply not fit for economic development 
D)  explanations for how families with many dependents force countries into economic downturns 
A)  structural theories that show how people on welfare and other forms of social assistance become dependent on it and are thus unable to develop economically 
B)  Marxist theories of economic development arguing that the poverty of low-income countries stems directly from their exploitation by wealthy countries and the multinational corporations that are based in wealthy countries 
C)  cultural theories that suggest that some cultures are simply not fit for economic development 
D)  explanations for how families with many dependents force countries into economic downturns

Question 8

Many economic measures focus on the average income of citizens in a given country.Which answer best describes why this measure might be problematic?

Accepted Answer

A)  It can hide income inequality within a given country. 
B)  It attempts to make broad statements based on narrow collections of data. 
C)  It does not take into account religion and its effects on income. 
D)  It ignores whether certain populations are naturally thriftier than others,thus requiring different metrics for making meaningful comparisons. 
A)  It can hide income inequality within a given country. 
B)  It attempts to make broad statements based on narrow collections of data. 
C)  It does not take into account religion and its effects on income. 
D)  It ignores whether certain populations are naturally thriftier than others,thus requiring different metrics for making meaningful comparisons.

Question 9

Famine and hunger are caused by both natural and social forces.What are some of the social forces that cause hunger,malnutrition,and starvation?

Accepted Answer

The text highlights that conflict and wa

Question 10

Christopher concludes a journal article he has written with this sentence: "This irony points out that hunger is probably not a problem of production; it is a problem of distribution." What irony is Christopher likely referring to?

Accepted Answer

A)  There really is not enough food to go around. 
B)  Food production has been steadily increasing,often in countries experiencing widespread hunger. 
C)  The gendered nature of hunger disproportionately affects men. 
D)  Although often seen as a privileged group,poor whites constitute the largest segment of hungry people in the world. 
A)  There really is not enough food to go around. 
B)  Food production has been steadily increasing,often in countries experiencing widespread hunger. 
C)  The gendered nature of hunger disproportionately affects men. 
D)  Although often seen as a privileged group,poor whites constitute the largest segment of hungry people in the world.

Question 11

Alejandra believes that poverty in Colombia is largely due to exploitation by the United States and multinational corporations originating in the United States.Her view is best described as corresponding to what theory or set of theories?

Accepted Answer

A)  dependency theories 
B)  state-centered theories 
C)  neoliberalism 
D)  modernization theory 
A)  dependency theories 
B)  state-centered theories 
C)  neoliberalism 
D)  modernization theory

Question 12

________ argues that the world capitalist economic system is not merely a collection of independent countries engaged in diplomatic and economic relations with one another but rather must be understood as a single unit.

Accepted Answer

A)  Neoliberalism 
B)  Postmodernism 
C)  Structuration theory 
D)  World-systems theory 
A)  Neoliberalism 
B)  Postmodernism 
C)  Structuration theory 
D)  World-systems theory

Question 13

Mary studies countries that were among the first to industrialize.It is likely that she is studying __________ countries.

Accepted Answer

A)  high-income 
B)  middle-income 
C)  low-income 
D)  socialist 
A)  high-income 
B)  middle-income 
C)  low-income 
D)  socialist

Question 14

The United States would be considered one of the ________ countries in world-systems theory.

Accepted Answer

A)  peripheral 
B)  subordinate 
C)  semiperipheral 
D)  core 
A)  peripheral 
B)  subordinate 
C)  semiperipheral 
D)  core

Question 15

Sociologists cite all of the following as reasons for the recent economic advances of the east Asian emerging economies EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Most were part of colonial situations that,although imposing many hardships,also helped pave the way for economic growth. 
B)  Economic growth in this region took off at the high point of the Cold War,when the United States and its allies,in erecting a defense against communist China,provided generous economic aid that fueled investment in such new technologies as transistors,semiconductors,and other electronics,which contributed to the development of local industries. 
C)  Dictatorial controls allowed for smoothly run,centrally planned economies that eschewed democratic planning as well as market mechanisms. 
D)  Many of the east Asian governments followed strong policies that favored economic growth: keeping labor costs low,encouraging economic development through tax breaks and other economic policies,and offering free public education. 
A)  Most were part of colonial situations that,although imposing many hardships,also helped pave the way for economic growth. 
B)  Economic growth in this region took off at the high point of the Cold War,when the United States and its allies,in erecting a defense against communist China,provided generous economic aid that fueled investment in such new technologies as transistors,semiconductors,and other electronics,which contributed to the development of local industries. 
C)  Dictatorial controls allowed for smoothly run,centrally planned economies that eschewed democratic planning as well as market mechanisms. 
D)  Many of the east Asian governments followed strong policies that favored economic growth: keeping labor costs low,encouraging economic development through tax breaks and other economic policies,and offering free public education.

Question 16

Jennifer lives in a country that,despite its relatively small population,consumes an alarming percentage of the world's resources.She likely lives in a __________ country.

Accepted Answer

A)  high-income 
B)  middle-income 
C)  low-income 
D)  socialist 
A)  high-income 
B)  middle-income 
C)  low-income 
D)  socialist

Question 17

Juanita studies the countries where the vast majority of the world's population lives.She is studying __________ countries.

Accepted Answer

A)  high-income 
B)  middle-income 
C)  low-income 
D)  European 
A)  high-income 
B)  middle-income 
C)  low-income 
D)  European

Question 18

According to the textbook,all of the following are contributing factors to food shortages and hunger throughout the globe EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  the unsustainable,largely vegetarian diets of most of the world 
B)  internal warfare 
C)  the AIDS epidemic 
D)  drought 
A)  the unsustainable,largely vegetarian diets of most of the world 
B)  internal warfare 
C)  the AIDS epidemic 
D)  drought

Question 19

State-centered theories of global inequality and economic development argue:

Accepted Answer

A)  that state involvement in the economy interferes with prosperity 
B)  that appropriate government policies do not interfere with economic development but rather can play a key role in bringing it about 
C)  that the state is constructed in such a way that it must impede development 
D)  that any economic theory should be focused solely on state actors and political action 
A)  that state involvement in the economy interferes with prosperity 
B)  that appropriate government policies do not interfere with economic development but rather can play a key role in bringing it about 
C)  that the state is constructed in such a way that it must impede development 
D)  that any economic theory should be focused solely on state actors and political action

Question 20

Liu lives in a country that largely provides adequate housing,food,and drinkable water.It is likely that he lives in a __________ country.

Accepted Answer

A)  high-income 
B)  middle-income 
C)  low-income 
D)  Asian 
A)  high-income 
B)  middle-income 
C)  low-income 
D)  Asian

How does the World Bank measure global inequality,and what are some of the problems with measuring global inequality in this way?

How do dependency theorists explain global inequality?

Why might dependency theorists criticize modernization theory?

The middle-income countries are primarily located in:

Francesco uses world-systems theory to study countries that extract profits from the world's poorest countries and yield profits for the world's wealthiest countries.He is studying what kind of nations?

According to the textbook,all of the following are true about people living in low-income countries EXCEPT:

Dependency theories can be described as:

Many economic measures focus on the average income of citizens in a given country.Which answer best describes why this measure might be problematic?

Famine and hunger are caused by both natural and social forces.What are some of the social forces that cause hunger,malnutrition,and starvation?

Christopher concludes a journal article he has written with this sentence: "This irony points out that hunger is probably not a problem of production; it is a problem of distribution." What irony is Christopher likely referring to?

Alejandra believes that poverty in Colombia is largely due to exploitation by the United States and multinational corporations originating in the United States.Her view is best described as corresponding to what theory or set of theories?

________ argues that the world capitalist economic system is not merely a collection of independent countries engaged in diplomatic and economic relations with one another but rather must be understood as a single unit.

Mary studies countries that were among the first to industrialize.It is likely that she is studying __________ countries.

The United States would be considered one of the ________ countries in world-systems theory.

Sociologists cite all of the following as reasons for the recent economic advances of the east Asian emerging economies EXCEPT:

Jennifer lives in a country that,despite its relatively small population,consumes an alarming percentage of the world's resources.She likely lives in a __________ country.

Juanita studies the countries where the vast majority of the world's population lives.She is studying __________ countries.

According to the textbook,all of the following are contributing factors to food shortages and hunger throughout the globe EXCEPT:

State-centered theories of global inequality and economic development argue:

Liu lives in a country that largely provides adequate housing,food,and drinkable water.It is likely that he lives in a __________ country.

Sociology: Theory and Method

Culture and Society

Socialization, the Life Course, and Aging

Social Interaction and Everyday Life in the Age of the Internet

Groups, networks, and Organizations

Conformity, deviance, and Crime

Stratification, class, and Inequality

Gender Inequality

Ethnicity and Race

Families and Intimate Relationships

Education and Religion

Politics and Economic Life

The Sociology of the Body: Health,illness,and Sexuality

Urbanization,population,and the Environment

Globalization in a Changing World

Filters

Exam 8: Global Inequality

How does the World Bank measure global inequality,and what are some of the problems with measuring global inequality in this way?

How do dependency theorists explain global inequality?

Why might dependency theorists criticize modernization theory?

The middle-income countries are primarily located in:

Francesco uses world-systems theory to study countries that extract profits from the world's poorest countries and yield profits for the world's wealthiest countries.He is studying what kind of nations?

According to the textbook,all of the following are true about people living in low-income countries EXCEPT:

Dependency theories can be described as:

Many economic measures focus on the average income of citizens in a given country.Which answer best describes why this measure might be problematic?

Famine and hunger are caused by both natural and social forces.What are some of the social forces that cause hunger,malnutrition,and starvation?

Christopher concludes a journal article he has written with this sentence: "This irony points out that hunger is probably not a problem of production; it is a problem of distribution." What irony is Christopher likely referring to?

Alejandra believes that poverty in Colombia is largely due to exploitation by the United States and multinational corporations originating in the United States.Her view is best described as corresponding to what theory or set of theories?

________ argues that the world capitalist economic system is not merely a collection of independent countries engaged in diplomatic and economic relations with one another but rather must be understood as a single unit.

Mary studies countries that were among the first to industrialize.It is likely that she is studying __________ countries.

The United States would be considered one of the ________ countries in world-systems theory.

Sociologists cite all of the following as reasons for the recent economic advances of the east Asian emerging economies EXCEPT:

Jennifer lives in a country that,despite its relatively small population,consumes an alarming percentage of the world's resources.She likely lives in a __________ country.

Juanita studies the countries where the vast majority of the world's population lives.She is studying __________ countries.

According to the textbook,all of the following are contributing factors to food shortages and hunger throughout the globe EXCEPT:

State-centered theories of global inequality and economic development argue:

Liu lives in a country that largely provides adequate housing,food,and drinkable water.It is likely that he lives in a __________ country.

Sociology: Theory and Method

Culture and Society

Socialization, the Life Course, and Aging

Social Interaction and Everyday Life in the Age of the Internet

Groups, networks, and Organizations

Conformity, deviance, and Crime

Stratification, class, and Inequality

Gender Inequality

Ethnicity and Race

Families and Intimate Relationships

Education and Religion

Politics and Economic Life

The Sociology of the Body: Health,illness,and Sexuality

Urbanization,population,and the Environment

Globalization in a Changing World

Filters