Question 1

Liu lives in a country that largely provides adequate housing,food,and drinkable water.It is likely that he lives in a __________ country.

Accepted Answer

A) high-income 
B) highly homogenous 
C) middle-income 
D) complete hunter-gatherer 
E) low-income 
A) high-income 
B) highly homogenous 
C) middle-income 
D) complete hunter-gatherer 
E) low-income

Question 2

Neoliberalism asserts that:

Accepted Answer

A) free-market forces, achieved by minimizing governmental restrictions on business, provide the only route to economic growth 
B) economic development can only occur if accompanied by liberal social values, such as securing a woman's right to abortion and supporting same-sex marriage 
C) state involvement in the economy should be relatively high, even at times running entire industries 
D) social democratic programs, such as generous welfare policies and free education provided by the state, are the bedrock of economic growth 
E) development depends on retaining highly democratic, cooperative industries 
A) free-market forces, achieved by minimizing governmental restrictions on business, provide the only route to economic growth 
B) economic development can only occur if accompanied by liberal social values, such as securing a woman's right to abortion and supporting same-sex marriage 
C) state involvement in the economy should be relatively high, even at times running entire industries 
D) social democratic programs, such as generous welfare policies and free education provided by the state, are the bedrock of economic growth 
E) development depends on retaining highly democratic, cooperative industries

Question 3

Alejandra believes that poverty in Colombia is largely due to exploitation by the United States and multinational corporations originating in the United States.Her view is best described as corresponding to what theory or set of theories?

Accepted Answer

A) dependency theories 
B) state-centered theories 
C) neoliberalism 
D) modernization theory 
E) market-oriented theories 
A) dependency theories 
B) state-centered theories 
C) neoliberalism 
D) modernization theory 
E) market-oriented theories

Question 4

Juanita studies the countries where the vast majority of the world's population lives.She is studying __________ countries.

Accepted Answer

A) high-income 
B) highly homogenous 
C) middle-income 
D) tribal 
E) low-income 
A) high-income 
B) highly homogenous 
C) middle-income 
D) tribal 
E) low-income

Question 5

Bidya wonders if the best way to improve the lives of the world's poor people in low-income countries is to write a book about her studies of them and distribute it in low-income countries.Why might she be worried about that?

Accepted Answer

A) Rates of literacy among the world's poor are much lower than among wealthier people. 
B) Studies of poor populations are always colonizing and paternalistic. 
C) Books are not helpful ways of spreading important analysis. 
D) People living in low-income countries are much more likely to read high literature. 
E) Only people in high-income countries can solve poverty. 
A) Rates of literacy among the world's poor are much lower than among wealthier people. 
B) Studies of poor populations are always colonizing and paternalistic. 
C) Books are not helpful ways of spreading important analysis. 
D) People living in low-income countries are much more likely to read high literature. 
E) Only people in high-income countries can solve poverty.

Question 6

Salvatore studies the debate around universal healthcare in the United States.He prefers economic theories that suggest that the best possible outcomes in healthcare happen when the government does not interfere in economic decisions.Lorenzo prefers what theory or set of theories?

Accepted Answer

A) dependency theories 
B) state-centered theories 
C) world-systems theory 
D) modernization theory 
E) market-oriented theories 
A) dependency theories 
B) state-centered theories 
C) world-systems theory 
D) modernization theory 
E) market-oriented theories

Question 7

How do state-centered theories explain global inequality?

Accepted Answer

Some of the most recent explanations of

Question 8

Sociologists cite all of the following as reasons for the recent economic advances of the East Asian newly industrializing economies (NIEs)EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) Most were part of colonial situations that, while imposing many hardships, also helped to pave the way for economic growth. 
B) The East Asian region benefited from a long period of world economic growth between the 1950s and the mid-1970s. 
C) Economic growth in this region took off at the high point of the cold war, when the United States and its allies, in erecting a defense against communist China, provided generous economic aid that fueled investment in such new technologies as transistors, semiconductors, and other electronics, which contributed to the development of local industries. 
D) Dictatorial controls allowed for smoothly run, centrally planned economies that eschewed democratic planning as well as market mechanisms. 
E) Many of the East Asian governments followed strong policies that favored economic growth: keeping labor costs low, encouraging economic development through tax breaks and other economic policies, and offering free public education. 
A) Most were part of colonial situations that, while imposing many hardships, also helped to pave the way for economic growth. 
B) The East Asian region benefited from a long period of world economic growth between the 1950s and the mid-1970s. 
C) Economic growth in this region took off at the high point of the cold war, when the United States and its allies, in erecting a defense against communist China, provided generous economic aid that fueled investment in such new technologies as transistors, semiconductors, and other electronics, which contributed to the development of local industries. 
D) Dictatorial controls allowed for smoothly run, centrally planned economies that eschewed democratic planning as well as market mechanisms. 
E) Many of the East Asian governments followed strong policies that favored economic growth: keeping labor costs low, encouraging economic development through tax breaks and other economic policies, and offering free public education.

Question 9

Francesco uses world-systems theory to study countries that extract profits from the world's poorest countries and yield profits for the world's wealthiest countries.He is studying what kind of nations?

Accepted Answer

A) core 
B) peripheral 
C) semiperipheral 
D) futuristic 
E) sustainable 
A) core 
B) peripheral 
C) semiperipheral 
D) futuristic 
E) sustainable

Question 10

Christopher concludes a journal article he has written with this sentence: "This irony points out that hunger is probably not a problem of production; it is a problem of distribution." What irony is Christopher likely referring to?

Accepted Answer

A) There really is not enough food to go around. 
B) Food production has been steadily increasing, often in countries experiencing widespread hunger. 
C) The gendered nature of hunger disproportionately affects men. 
D) While often seen as a privileged group, poor whites constitute the largest segment of hungry people in the world. 
E) Even large chunks of wealthy people suffer from the effects of famine. 
A) There really is not enough food to go around. 
B) Food production has been steadily increasing, often in countries experiencing widespread hunger. 
C) The gendered nature of hunger disproportionately affects men. 
D) While often seen as a privileged group, poor whites constitute the largest segment of hungry people in the world. 
E) Even large chunks of wealthy people suffer from the effects of famine.

Question 11

Chantelle notes that the HIV/AIDS epidemic contributes to food shortages in some countries.Why might this be the case?

Accepted Answer

A) HIV-infected food passes on the virus. 
B) Money that could be spent on food is spent on medications. 
C) The virus kills many working-age adults who might otherwise contribute to food production. 
D) The epidemic pushes scientists out of those countries into nations where they can conduct food research without worrying about it. 
E) The epidemic has sparked a general strike throughout many of these nations, which has contributed to a lack of harvesting. 
A) HIV-infected food passes on the virus. 
B) Money that could be spent on food is spent on medications. 
C) The virus kills many working-age adults who might otherwise contribute to food production. 
D) The epidemic pushes scientists out of those countries into nations where they can conduct food research without worrying about it. 
E) The epidemic has sparked a general strike throughout many of these nations, which has contributed to a lack of harvesting.

Question 12

The World Bank classifies nations as low income,lower middle income,upper middle income,or high income based on their per person gross national income,or GNI-a number that reflects the average income in those nations.Why might sociologists find this form of classification problematic?

Accepted Answer

A) Making cross-national comparisons of income ignores the role of culture in making some groups used to poverty. 
B) A GNI makes high-production countries look better than they actually are; since their numbers are higher, people tend to think they are more ethical. 
C) Because the number is an average of incomes in a country, it can mask inequality within a specific nation. 
D) Global economic comparisons need to take into account the mode of production in every given nation. 
E) Too many people lie about their incomes to make the number useful. 
A) Making cross-national comparisons of income ignores the role of culture in making some groups used to poverty. 
B) A GNI makes high-production countries look better than they actually are; since their numbers are higher, people tend to think they are more ethical. 
C) Because the number is an average of incomes in a country, it can mask inequality within a specific nation. 
D) Global economic comparisons need to take into account the mode of production in every given nation. 
E) Too many people lie about their incomes to make the number useful.

Question 13

Selma studies countries where fertility rates are much higher than the rest of the world.She is likely studying __________ countries.

Accepted Answer

A) high-income 
B) highly homogenous 
C) middle-income 
D) complete hunter-gatherer 
E) low-income 
A) high-income 
B) highly homogenous 
C) middle-income 
D) complete hunter-gatherer 
E) low-income

Question 14

Modernization theorist W.W.Rostow viewed economic growth as going through several stages,which he likened to the journey of an airplane.All of the following are stages in his theory EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) traditional stage 
B) takeoff to economic growth 
C) drive to technological maturity 
D) investment into nascent industries 
E) high mass consumption 
A) traditional stage 
B) takeoff to economic growth 
C) drive to technological maturity 
D) investment into nascent industries 
E) high mass consumption

Question 15

James lives in a country that has a mostly agricultural economy and has only recently begun to industrialize.He lives in a __________ country.

Accepted Answer

A) high-income 
B) highly homogenous 
C) middle-income 
D) complete hunter-gatherer 
E) low-income 
A) high-income 
B) highly homogenous 
C) middle-income 
D) complete hunter-gatherer 
E) low-income

Question 16

More than 40 percent of all urban residents in developing countries live in:

Accepted Answer

A) squats 
B) occupied factories 
C) slums 
D) government housing 
E) urban farms 
A) squats 
B) occupied factories 
C) slums 
D) government housing 
E) urban farms

Question 17

Jennifer lives in a country that,despite its relatively small population,consumes an alarming percentage of the world's resources.She likely lives in a __________ country.

Accepted Answer

A) high-income 
B) highly homogenous 
C) middle-income 
D) complete hunter-gatherer 
E) low-income 
A) high-income 
B) highly homogenous 
C) middle-income 
D) complete hunter-gatherer 
E) low-income

Question 18

According to the text,market-oriented theories of global inequality assume that the best possible economic consequences will result if:

Accepted Answer

A) the state heavily regulates the corporate sector 
B) individuals are free-uninhibited by any form of governmental constraint-to make their own economic decisions 
C) cooperative enterprises replace privately owned businesses to create egalitarian markets 
D) the public is provided with free access to public education 
E) markets are carefully regulated by competent politicians 
A) the state heavily regulates the corporate sector 
B) individuals are free-uninhibited by any form of governmental constraint-to make their own economic decisions 
C) cooperative enterprises replace privately owned businesses to create egalitarian markets 
D) the public is provided with free access to public education 
E) markets are carefully regulated by competent politicians

Question 19

How do market-oriented theories explain global inequality?

Accepted Answer

Market-oriented theories suggest that un

Question 20

According to the text,low-income countries tend to have __________ economies.

Accepted Answer

A) highly egalitarian 
B) industrialized 
C) largely cooperative 
D) developed but highly unequal 
E) agricultural 
A) highly egalitarian 
B) industrialized 
C) largely cooperative 
D) developed but highly unequal 
E) agricultural

Liu lives in a country that largely provides adequate housing,food,and drinkable water.It is likely that he lives in a __________ country.

Neoliberalism asserts that:

Alejandra believes that poverty in Colombia is largely due to exploitation by the United States and multinational corporations originating in the United States.Her view is best described as corresponding to what theory or set of theories?

Juanita studies the countries where the vast majority of the world's population lives.She is studying __________ countries.

Bidya wonders if the best way to improve the lives of the world's poor people in low-income countries is to write a book about her studies of them and distribute it in low-income countries.Why might she be worried about that?

Salvatore studies the debate around universal healthcare in the United States.He prefers economic theories that suggest that the best possible outcomes in healthcare happen when the government does not interfere in economic decisions.Lorenzo prefers what theory or set of theories?

How do state-centered theories explain global inequality?

Sociologists cite all of the following as reasons for the recent economic advances of the East Asian newly industrializing economies (NIEs)EXCEPT:

Francesco uses world-systems theory to study countries that extract profits from the world's poorest countries and yield profits for the world's wealthiest countries.He is studying what kind of nations?

Christopher concludes a journal article he has written with this sentence: "This irony points out that hunger is probably not a problem of production; it is a problem of distribution." What irony is Christopher likely referring to?

Chantelle notes that the HIV/AIDS epidemic contributes to food shortages in some countries.Why might this be the case?

The World Bank classifies nations as low income,lower middle income,upper middle income,or high income based on their per person gross national income,or GNI-a number that reflects the average income in those nations.Why might sociologists find this form of classification problematic?

Selma studies countries where fertility rates are much higher than the rest of the world.She is likely studying __________ countries.

Modernization theorist W.W.Rostow viewed economic growth as going through several stages,which he likened to the journey of an airplane.All of the following are stages in his theory EXCEPT:

James lives in a country that has a mostly agricultural economy and has only recently begun to industrialize.He lives in a __________ country.

More than 40 percent of all urban residents in developing countries live in:

Jennifer lives in a country that,despite its relatively small population,consumes an alarming percentage of the world's resources.She likely lives in a __________ country.

According to the text,market-oriented theories of global inequality assume that the best possible economic consequences will result if:

How do market-oriented theories explain global inequality?

According to the text,low-income countries tend to have __________ economies.

Sociology: Theory and Method

Culture and Society

Socialization, the Life Course, and Aging

Social Interaction and Everyday Life in the Age of the Internet

Groups, Networks, and Organizations

Conformity, Deviance, and Crime

Stratification, Class, and Inequality

Gender Inequality

Ethnicity and Race

Families and Intimate Relationships

Education and Religion

Politics and Economic Life

The Sociology of the Body: Health, Illness, and Sexuality

Urbanization, Population, and the Environment

Globalization in a Changing World

Filters

Exam 8: Global Inequality

Liu lives in a country that largely provides adequate housing,food,and drinkable water.It is likely that he lives in a __________ country.

Neoliberalism asserts that:

Alejandra believes that poverty in Colombia is largely due to exploitation by the United States and multinational corporations originating in the United States.Her view is best described as corresponding to what theory or set of theories?

Juanita studies the countries where the vast majority of the world's population lives.She is studying __________ countries.

Bidya wonders if the best way to improve the lives of the world's poor people in low-income countries is to write a book about her studies of them and distribute it in low-income countries.Why might she be worried about that?

Salvatore studies the debate around universal healthcare in the United States.He prefers economic theories that suggest that the best possible outcomes in healthcare happen when the government does not interfere in economic decisions.Lorenzo prefers what theory or set of theories?

How do state-centered theories explain global inequality?

Sociologists cite all of the following as reasons for the recent economic advances of the East Asian newly industrializing economies (NIEs)EXCEPT:

Francesco uses world-systems theory to study countries that extract profits from the world's poorest countries and yield profits for the world's wealthiest countries.He is studying what kind of nations?

Christopher concludes a journal article he has written with this sentence: "This irony points out that hunger is probably not a problem of production; it is a problem of distribution." What irony is Christopher likely referring to?

Chantelle notes that the HIV/AIDS epidemic contributes to food shortages in some countries.Why might this be the case?

The World Bank classifies nations as low income,lower middle income,upper middle income,or high income based on their per person gross national income,or GNI-a number that reflects the average income in those nations.Why might sociologists find this form of classification problematic?

Selma studies countries where fertility rates are much higher than the rest of the world.She is likely studying __________ countries.

Modernization theorist W.W.Rostow viewed economic growth as going through several stages,which he likened to the journey of an airplane.All of the following are stages in his theory EXCEPT:

James lives in a country that has a mostly agricultural economy and has only recently begun to industrialize.He lives in a __________ country.

More than 40 percent of all urban residents in developing countries live in:

Jennifer lives in a country that,despite its relatively small population,consumes an alarming percentage of the world's resources.She likely lives in a __________ country.

According to the text,market-oriented theories of global inequality assume that the best possible economic consequences will result if:

How do market-oriented theories explain global inequality?

According to the text,low-income countries tend to have __________ economies.

Sociology: Theory and Method

Culture and Society

Socialization, the Life Course, and Aging

Social Interaction and Everyday Life in the Age of the Internet

Groups, Networks, and Organizations

Conformity, Deviance, and Crime

Stratification, Class, and Inequality

Gender Inequality

Ethnicity and Race

Families and Intimate Relationships

Education and Religion

Politics and Economic Life

The Sociology of the Body: Health, Illness, and Sexuality

Urbanization, Population, and the Environment

Globalization in a Changing World

Filters