Exam 4: Weathering, soil, and Mass Wasting

Although it was not discussed in Chapter 4,what are some preventive measures that can be done to reduce or lessen the impact of mass wasting? (Hint: Think about the controls and triggers of mass wasting.)

C-horizon A horizon E horizon B horizon

The solum or true soil includes all horizons above the C-horizon.

Which of the following mass movements is most likely to occur in a geologic setting where the rock strata are inclined?

One important relationship between chemical and mechanical weathering is ________.

________ involves movement on a zone of compressed air.

Removal of inorganic soil components from a soil is termed leaching.

In the late 1950's the Hebgen Lake earthquake outside of Yellowstone triggered a mass wasting event.The landslide originated on steep mountains slopes where rocks slid off a surface and descended to the valley floor in a few seconds,burying a campground and many people staying there.This type of landslide would be called ________.

Which term describes a soil formed by weathering of the underlying bedrock?

Most stream valleys have a V shaped cross section because ________.

What is the major distinction between internal and external Earth processes?

Chemical weathering in bedrock below the land surface often begins along joints and sheeting fractures.

After the drought of the 1930's farmers in the Great Plains were encouraged to plant rows of trees across fields to decrease soil erosion.How would this reduce soil erosion?

What two factors speed up rates of chemical reaction and weathering in rocks and soils?

The finely divided,red,brown,and yellow soil-coloring minerals originate by what process?

What process of mass wasting is illustrated in the diagram below?

Which of the following is most resistant to both chemical and physical weathering?

The very fine-sized,clay mineral particles move downward from the E to the B-horizon of some soils.What is this process called?

Lahars are essentially mudflows associated with volcanoes and volcanism.

Climate change and human activity like overgrazing of grasslands is leading to large areas subject to "desertification" where native grass cover dies out during drought periods,exposing soil to erosion.What is potentially the greatest initial soil erosion potential during this type of an event?