Question 1

Craig and Delia are married.Delia is the mother of Jane.That Delia is older than Jane is a(n)_____ inference.

Accepted Answer

A)  deductive 
B)  inductive 
C)  antecedent 
D)  consequent 
A)  deductive 
B)  inductive 
C)  antecedent 
D)  consequent

Question 2

If you eat uncooked food,then you will become sick. You didn't become sick.
Therefore,you didn't eat uncooked food.
This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  modus ponens. 
B)  modus tollens. 
C)  affirmation of the consequent. 
D)  denial of the antecedent. 
A)  modus ponens. 
B)  modus tollens. 
C)  affirmation of the consequent. 
D)  denial of the antecedent.

Question 3

If you eat uncooked food,then you will become sick. You ate uncooked food.
Therefore,you became sick.
This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  modus ponens. 
B)  modus tollens. 
C)  affirmation of the consequent. 
D)  denial of the antecedent. 
A)  modus ponens. 
B)  modus tollens. 
C)  affirmation of the consequent. 
D)  denial of the antecedent.

Question 4

Individuals are generally bad at recognizing valid syllogisms when these are stated with neutral content.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which is NOT a universal statement?

Accepted Answer

A)  All rabbits are furry. 
B)  Some rabbits are furry. 
C)  No rabbits are furry. 
D)  Every rabbit is furry. 
A)  All rabbits are furry. 
B)  Some rabbits are furry. 
C)  No rabbits are furry. 
D)  Every rabbit is furry.

Question 6

An argument consisting of two premises and a conclusion is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  deduction. 
B)  induction. 
C)  logical syllogism. 
D)  logical fallacy. 
A)  deduction. 
B)  induction. 
C)  logical syllogism. 
D)  logical fallacy.

Question 7

Based on what you know of the atmosphere hypothesis,and given the following premises,which conclusion should participants select?
No men are humans.
No humans are women.

Accepted Answer

A)  All men are women. 
B)  Some men are women. 
C)  No men are women. 
D)  Some women are men. 
A)  All men are women. 
B)  Some men are women. 
C)  No men are women. 
D)  Some women are men.

Question 8

How do deductive reasoning and inductive reasoning differ?

Accepted Answer

In deductive reasoning,logical

Question 9

Participants perform better on the Wason card-selection task when they take the perspective of detecting whether a social rule has been violated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which is a hypothesis used to explain human understanding of syllogistic reasoning?

Accepted Answer

A)  the atmosphere hypothesis 
B)  the base rate theorem 
C)  the subjective utility hypothesis 
D)  the framing theory 
A)  the atmosphere hypothesis 
B)  the base rate theorem 
C)  the subjective utility hypothesis 
D)  the framing theory

Question 11

In testing a hypothesis,individuals often focus on instances that are _____ with their hypothesis.This can cause difficulties if their hypothesis is too _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  consistent;broad 
B)  consistent;narrow 
C)  inconsistent;broad 
D)  inconsistent;narrow 
A)  consistent;broad 
B)  consistent;narrow 
C)  inconsistent;broad 
D)  inconsistent;narrow

Question 12

What is the mental model theory?

Accepted Answer

It is a theory in which participants jud

Question 13

Which is/are a form(s)of valid induction?

Accepted Answer

A)  modus ponens 
B)  modus ponens and modus tollens 
C)  affirmation of the consequent and denial of the antecedent 
D)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  modus ponens 
B)  modus ponens and modus tollens 
C)  affirmation of the consequent and denial of the antecedent 
D)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 14

Deductive reasoning is localized in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  left hemisphere. 
B)  right hemisphere. 
C)  anterior portions of the brain. 
D)  posterior portions of the brain. 
A)  left hemisphere. 
B)  right hemisphere. 
C)  anterior portions of the brain. 
D)  posterior portions of the brain.

Question 15

A characteristic of a good _____ inference is that it is a statement from which one can deduce all of the premises.

Accepted Answer

A)  inductive 
B)  causal 
C)  deductive 
D)  conditional 
A)  inductive 
B)  causal 
C)  deductive 
D)  conditional

Question 16

What was different about Griggs and Cox's (1982)version of the Wason card-selection task? What was the outcome?

Accepted Answer

"
•They were presented with four cards t

Question 17

According to Bruner et al.'s (1956)_____ concept,only one selected feature needs to be present.

Accepted Answer

A)  conjunctive 
B)  disjunctive 
C)  relational 
D)  distant 
A)  conjunctive 
B)  disjunctive 
C)  relational 
D)  distant

Question 18

Based on what you know of the atmosphere hypothesis,and given the following premises,which conclusion should participants select?
Some men are humans.
Some humans are women.

Accepted Answer

A)  All men are women. 
B)  Some men are women. 
C)  No men are women. 
D)  Some women are men. 
A)  All men are women. 
B)  Some men are women. 
C)  No men are women. 
D)  Some women are men.

Question 19

Which is a particular statement?

Accepted Answer

A)  All balloons are red. 
B)  Some balloons are red. 
C)  No balloons are red. 
D)  Each statement is a particular statement. 
A)  All balloons are red. 
B)  Some balloons are red. 
C)  No balloons are red. 
D)  Each statement is a particular statement.

Question 20

A statement containing two premises,a conclusion,and quantifiers is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  induction. 
B)  deduction. 
C)  categorical syllogism. 
D)  syllogism. 
A)  induction. 
B)  deduction. 
C)  categorical syllogism. 
D)  syllogism.

Craig and Delia are married.Delia is the mother of Jane.That Delia is older than Jane is a(n)_____ inference.

If you eat uncooked food,then you will become sick. You didn't become sick. Therefore,you didn't eat uncooked food. This is an example of:

If you eat uncooked food,then you will become sick. You ate uncooked food. Therefore,you became sick. This is an example of:

Individuals are generally bad at recognizing valid syllogisms when these are stated with neutral content.

Which is NOT a universal statement?

An argument consisting of two premises and a conclusion is called a(n):

Based on what you know of the atmosphere hypothesis,and given the following premises,which conclusion should participants select? No men are humans. No humans are women.

How do deductive reasoning and inductive reasoning differ?

Participants perform better on the Wason card-selection task when they take the perspective of detecting whether a social rule has been violated.

Which is a hypothesis used to explain human understanding of syllogistic reasoning?

In testing a hypothesis,individuals often focus on instances that are _ with their hypothesis.This can cause difficulties if their hypothesis is too _.

What is the mental model theory?

Which is/are a form(s)of valid induction?

Deductive reasoning is localized in the:

A characteristic of a good _____ inference is that it is a statement from which one can deduce all of the premises.

What was different about Griggs and Cox's (1982)version of the Wason card-selection task? What was the outcome?

According to Bruner et al.'s (1956)_____ concept,only one selected feature needs to be present.

Based on what you know of the atmosphere hypothesis,and given the following premises,which conclusion should participants select? Some men are humans. Some humans are women.

Which is a particular statement?

A statement containing two premises,a conclusion,and quantifiers is called a(n):

The Science of Cognition

Perception

Attention and Performance

Mental Imagery

Representation of Knowledge

Human Memory: Encoding and Storage

Human Memory: Retention and Retrieval

Problem Solving

Expertise

Decision Making

Language Structure

Language Comprehension

Individual Differences in Cognition

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Exam 10: Reasoning

Craig and Delia are married.Delia is the mother of Jane.That Delia is older than Jane is a(n)_____ inference.

If you eat uncooked food,then you will become sick. You didn't become sick. Therefore,you didn't eat uncooked food. This is an example of:

If you eat uncooked food,then you will become sick. You ate uncooked food. Therefore,you became sick. This is an example of:

Individuals are generally bad at recognizing valid syllogisms when these are stated with neutral content.

Which is NOT a universal statement?

An argument consisting of two premises and a conclusion is called a(n):

Based on what you know of the atmosphere hypothesis,and given the following premises,which conclusion should participants select? No men are humans. No humans are women.

How do deductive reasoning and inductive reasoning differ?

Participants perform better on the Wason card-selection task when they take the perspective of detecting whether a social rule has been violated.

Which is a hypothesis used to explain human understanding of syllogistic reasoning?

In testing a hypothesis,individuals often focus on instances that are _____ with their hypothesis.This can cause difficulties if their hypothesis is too _____.

What is the mental model theory?

Which is/are a form(s)of valid induction?

Deductive reasoning is localized in the:

A characteristic of a good _____ inference is that it is a statement from which one can deduce all of the premises.

What was different about Griggs and Cox's (1982)version of the Wason card-selection task? What was the outcome?

According to Bruner et al.'s (1956)_____ concept,only one selected feature needs to be present.

Based on what you know of the atmosphere hypothesis,and given the following premises,which conclusion should participants select? Some men are humans. Some humans are women.

Which is a particular statement?

A statement containing two premises,a conclusion,and quantifiers is called a(n):

The Science of Cognition

Perception

Attention and Performance

Mental Imagery

Representation of Knowledge

Human Memory: Encoding and Storage

Human Memory: Retention and Retrieval

Problem Solving

Expertise

Decision Making

Language Structure

Language Comprehension

Individual Differences in Cognition

Filters

In testing a hypothesis,individuals often focus on instances that are _ with their hypothesis.This can cause difficulties if their hypothesis is too _.