Question 1

Based on the work of Kuffler,we know that when light strikes ganglion cells:

Accepted Answer

A)  some cells increase their rate of firing,while others decrease their rate of firing. 
B)  they immediately turn on and fire at a steady rate. 
C)  they immediately turn off and do not come back on for a brief period. 
D)  most of them will decrease their rate of firing below the level of spontaneous firing. 
A)  some cells increase their rate of firing,while others decrease their rate of firing. 
B)  they immediately turn on and fire at a steady rate. 
C)  they immediately turn off and do not come back on for a brief period. 
D)  most of them will decrease their rate of firing below the level of spontaneous firing.

Question 2

Top-down processing includes such things as general world knowledge.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Explain what Pritchard's (1961)experiment helped us understand about how objects stabilized on the retina disappear.Why was this result considered important?

Accepted Answer

An object does not simply fade out or di

Question 4

Subjects can better discriminate between two letters when the letters are embedded in words than when the letters stand alone.This effect is called the _____ effect.

Accepted Answer

A)  phoneme-restoration 
B)  stimulus-driven 
C)  word superiority 
D)  phoneme-segmentation 
A)  phoneme-restoration 
B)  stimulus-driven 
C)  word superiority 
D)  phoneme-segmentation

Question 5

The axons of which type of retinal cell coalesce and form the optic nerve?

Accepted Answer

A)  ganglion 
B)  bipolar 
C)  amacrine 
D)  horizontal 
A)  ganglion 
B)  bipolar 
C)  amacrine 
D)  horizontal

Question 6

The gestalt principles of organization refer to:

Accepted Answer

A)  our tendency to organize objects into units according to certain rules. 
B)  hierarchical principles of organization in neural structures. 
C)  the way in which optic nerves are arranged to send information to the brain. 
D)  the way in which a 3-D representation is organized from a 2-D image. 
A)  our tendency to organize objects into units according to certain rules. 
B)  hierarchical principles of organization in neural structures. 
C)  the way in which optic nerves are arranged to send information to the brain. 
D)  the way in which a 3-D representation is organized from a 2-D image.

Question 7

In speech segmentation,what is meant by the segmentation problem?

Accepted Answer

Speech is not broken into discrete units

Question 8

Explain the role of context in speech recognition.

Accepted Answer

Context seems to be very important in sp

Question 9

What is change blindness and when will it occur?

Accepted Answer

It refers to one's inability t

Question 10

The tendency to organize elements that are close together into units is the gestalt principle of similarity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Voice-onset time refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  the delay between release of lips and voicing. 
B)  how long one waits before responding to a question. 
C)  the time delay before changing from a vowel to a voiced consonant. 
D)  the difference in length between a "b" and a "p." 
A)  the delay between release of lips and voicing. 
B)  how long one waits before responding to a question. 
C)  the time delay before changing from a vowel to a voiced consonant. 
D)  the difference in length between a "b" and a "p."

Question 12

Phonemes are the basic vocabulary of speech sounds.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

A person looks at an object and thinks,"The object is red,shiny,round,and has a stem.The object must be an apple." This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  bottom-up processing. 
B)  top-down processing. 
C)  the FLMP model. 
D)  context recognition. 
A)  bottom-up processing. 
B)  top-down processing. 
C)  the FLMP model. 
D)  context recognition.

Question 14

Describe the evidence supporting the use of features in pattern recognition.

Accepted Answer

Evidence mentioned in the textbook:
•If

Question 15

What are the gestalt principles of organization? Identify and describe each one.What is their significance?

Accepted Answer

The gestalt principles of organization a

Question 16

As much as _____% of the primate brain is devoted to the visual sense.

Accepted Answer

A)  20 
B)  35 
C)  50 
D)  70 
A)  20 
B)  35 
C)  50 
D)  70

Question 17

Describe Massaro's FLMP model of pattern recognition.

Accepted Answer

FLMP stands for "fuzzy logical

Question 18

The notion that we use a basic set of geons,or geometric ions,in object recognition is central to:

Accepted Answer

A)  Biederman's theory of object recognition. 
B)  Marr's feature-analysis theory. 
C)  Hoffman and Richards's theory of gestalt segmentation. 
D)  Gibson's theory of the structure of perception. 
A)  Biederman's theory of object recognition. 
B)  Marr's feature-analysis theory. 
C)  Hoffman and Richards's theory of gestalt segmentation. 
D)  Gibson's theory of the structure of perception.

Question 19

Cones are equally distributed in the retina.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

What distinguishes a template-matching model from a feature-analysis model?

Accepted Answer

Template-matching model:
•This model pro

Based on the work of Kuffler,we know that when light strikes ganglion cells:

Top-down processing includes such things as general world knowledge.

Explain what Pritchard's (1961)experiment helped us understand about how objects stabilized on the retina disappear.Why was this result considered important?

Subjects can better discriminate between two letters when the letters are embedded in words than when the letters stand alone.This effect is called the _____ effect.

The axons of which type of retinal cell coalesce and form the optic nerve?

The gestalt principles of organization refer to:

In speech segmentation,what is meant by the segmentation problem?

Explain the role of context in speech recognition.

What is change blindness and when will it occur?

The tendency to organize elements that are close together into units is the gestalt principle of similarity.

Voice-onset time refers to:

Phonemes are the basic vocabulary of speech sounds.

A person looks at an object and thinks,"The object is red,shiny,round,and has a stem.The object must be an apple." This is an example of:

Describe the evidence supporting the use of features in pattern recognition.

What are the gestalt principles of organization? Identify and describe each one.What is their significance?

As much as _____% of the primate brain is devoted to the visual sense.

Describe Massaro's FLMP model of pattern recognition.

The notion that we use a basic set of geons,or geometric ions,in object recognition is central to:

Cones are equally distributed in the retina.

What distinguishes a template-matching model from a feature-analysis model?

The Science of Cognition

Attention and Performance

Mental Imagery

Representation of Knowledge

Human Memory: Encoding and Storage

Human Memory: Retention and Retrieval

Problem Solving

Expertise

Reasoning

Decision Making

Language Structure

Language Comprehension

Individual Differences in Cognition

Filters

Exam 2: Perception

Based on the work of Kuffler,we know that when light strikes ganglion cells:

Top-down processing includes such things as general world knowledge.

Explain what Pritchard's (1961)experiment helped us understand about how objects stabilized on the retina disappear.Why was this result considered important?

Subjects can better discriminate between two letters when the letters are embedded in words than when the letters stand alone.This effect is called the _____ effect.

The axons of which type of retinal cell coalesce and form the optic nerve?

The gestalt principles of organization refer to:

In speech segmentation,what is meant by the segmentation problem?

Explain the role of context in speech recognition.

What is change blindness and when will it occur?

The tendency to organize elements that are close together into units is the gestalt principle of similarity.

Voice-onset time refers to:

Phonemes are the basic vocabulary of speech sounds.

A person looks at an object and thinks,"The object is red,shiny,round,and has a stem.The object must be an apple." This is an example of:

Describe the evidence supporting the use of features in pattern recognition.

What are the gestalt principles of organization? Identify and describe each one.What is their significance?

As much as _____% of the primate brain is devoted to the visual sense.

Describe Massaro's FLMP model of pattern recognition.

The notion that we use a basic set of geons,or geometric ions,in object recognition is central to:

Cones are equally distributed in the retina.

What distinguishes a template-matching model from a feature-analysis model?

The Science of Cognition

Attention and Performance

Mental Imagery

Representation of Knowledge

Human Memory: Encoding and Storage

Human Memory: Retention and Retrieval

Problem Solving

Expertise

Reasoning

Decision Making

Language Structure

Language Comprehension

Individual Differences in Cognition

Filters