Question 1

Differences in crime rates between members of minority groups and nonminorities are more apparent than actual.This means that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the apparent differences are real. 
B)  when members of the different groups engage in the same crimes, members of minority groups are more likely to be cited, arrested, prosecuted, and convicted. 
C)  while there are differences in the rate of arrest, the differences disappear by the time the crimes are prosecuted. 
D)  members of minority groups commit more crimes than do nonminorities. 
A)  the apparent differences are real. 
B)  when members of the different groups engage in the same crimes, members of minority groups are more likely to be cited, arrested, prosecuted, and convicted. 
C)  while there are differences in the rate of arrest, the differences disappear by the time the crimes are prosecuted. 
D)  members of minority groups commit more crimes than do nonminorities.

Question 2

The decisions made by police officers:

Accepted Answer

A)  are less important than those made by the courts. 
B)  are less visible than those made in court and therefore harder to evaluate. 
C)  have little impact on the rate of imprisonment. 
D)  are the most objective measure of crime 
A)  are less important than those made by the courts. 
B)  are less visible than those made in court and therefore harder to evaluate. 
C)  have little impact on the rate of imprisonment. 
D)  are the most objective measure of crime

Question 3

Formal sanctions are LEAST likely to produce conformity when:

Accepted Answer

A)  the police spend a substantial part of their time trying to eliminate illegal behavior. 
B)  formal sanctions for illegal behavior are severe. 
C)  economic conditions make illegal behavior attractive for quick rewards. 
D)  individuals and groups do not believe that the behavior should be illegal. 
A)  the police spend a substantial part of their time trying to eliminate illegal behavior. 
B)  formal sanctions for illegal behavior are severe. 
C)  economic conditions make illegal behavior attractive for quick rewards. 
D)  individuals and groups do not believe that the behavior should be illegal.

Question 4

New research shows that the __________ is at least as important as race of the defendant in determining who receives the death penalty.

Accepted Answer

A)  violence of the crime 
B)  social class of the defendant 
C)  race of the victim 
D)  gender of the defendant 
A)  violence of the crime 
B)  social class of the defendant 
C)  race of the victim 
D)  gender of the defendant

Question 5

Your text suggests that we need to be cautious when generalizing about crime and the larger population of criminals based on UCR statistics because:

Accepted Answer

A)  levels of crime reporting are much higher than actual crime levels. 
B)  the people arrested for criminal acts are not a random sample of the people who commit crimes. 
C)  the UCR overemphasizes the crimes of white-collar professionals. 
D)  UCR statistics do not include those crimes that have been cleared by an arrest. 
A)  levels of crime reporting are much higher than actual crime levels. 
B)  the people arrested for criminal acts are not a random sample of the people who commit crimes. 
C)  the UCR overemphasizes the crimes of white-collar professionals. 
D)  UCR statistics do not include those crimes that have been cleared by an arrest.

Question 6

the strongest social explanation for sex differentials in crime rates is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  girls are supervised more closely than boys. 
B)  boys are bigger in physical size. 
C)  boys have a biological predisposition toward aggression. 
D)  boys are given less freedom so are more apt to rebel. 
A)  girls are supervised more closely than boys. 
B)  boys are bigger in physical size. 
C)  boys have a biological predisposition toward aggression. 
D)  boys are given less freedom so are more apt to rebel.

Question 7

According to strain theory,the solution to deviance is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  reform the individual who deviates. 
B)  make it easier to reach societal goals through acceptable means. 
C)  put more money into correctional facilities. 
D)  implement tougher sentencing guidelines for the more dangerous crimes. 
A)  reform the individual who deviates. 
B)  make it easier to reach societal goals through acceptable means. 
C)  put more money into correctional facilities. 
D)  implement tougher sentencing guidelines for the more dangerous crimes.

Question 8

Define false enforcement and give an example of how it reinforces unpopular norms.

Accepted Answer

False enforcement refers to the act of i

Question 9

Race differences in arrest rates are due mainly to:

Accepted Answer

A)  race differences in the quality of employment. 
B)  discrimination by police. 
C)  poverty and segregated neighborhoods and housing. 
D)  All of these explain racial differences in arrest rates. 
A)  race differences in the quality of employment. 
B)  discrimination by police. 
C)  poverty and segregated neighborhoods and housing. 
D)  All of these explain racial differences in arrest rates.

Question 10

About what percentage of prison inmates are African American males?

Accepted Answer

A)  10% 
B)  20% 
C)  35% 
D)  40% 
A)  10% 
B)  20% 
C)  35% 
D)  40%

Question 11

The text reports that a leading sociologist recommends addressing crime in the United States by:

Accepted Answer

A)  building more prisons. 
B)  instituting more "three strikes and you're out" rules. 
C)  reducing social inequality. 
D)  using more boot camps. 
A)  building more prisons. 
B)  instituting more "three strikes and you're out" rules. 
C)  reducing social inequality. 
D)  using more boot camps.

Question 12

Which of the following statements is NOT part of the conflict theory of deviance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Class conflict affects deviance. 
B)  Those in power decide what is deviant and how it will be punished. 
C)  The lower class does not share the goals of the upper and middle classes. 
D)  Economic inequality leads to crime. 
A)  Class conflict affects deviance. 
B)  Those in power decide what is deviant and how it will be punished. 
C)  The lower class does not share the goals of the upper and middle classes. 
D)  Economic inequality leads to crime.

Question 13

Labeling theory is concerned with the process by which:

Accepted Answer

A)  a person who associates with deviants learns to be deviant. 
B)  the label of deviant comes to be attached to specific people and specific behavior. 
C)  deviant labels are used to stigmatize criminal behavior. 
D)  public labeling of criminals is used to deter crime. 
A)  a person who associates with deviants learns to be deviant. 
B)  the label of deviant comes to be attached to specific people and specific behavior. 
C)  deviant labels are used to stigmatize criminal behavior. 
D)  public labeling of criminals is used to deter crime.

Question 14

When rules are not supported by group values,it is difficult for even formal agencies to enforce compliance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Define white-collar crime. What are its costs and why does it receive so little attention relative to street crime?

Accepted Answer

White-collar crime refers to non-violent

Question 16

Briefly outline the four types of strain deviance identified by Merton and give an example of each.

Accepted Answer

Merton identified four types of strain d

Question 17

Sociological theories of deviance tend to emphasize that the reasons for deviance:

Accepted Answer

A)  stem from personality disorders. 
B)  are based largely on genetic factors. 
C)  stem from personal disorganization. 
D)  are found in the social structure of society. 
A)  stem from personality disorders. 
B)  are based largely on genetic factors. 
C)  stem from personal disorganization. 
D)  are found in the social structure of society.

Question 18

The concept of "moral entrepreneur" refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  persons who are labeled as deviants. 
B)  those who promote their own moral ideas about who should be labeled deviant. 
C)  social scientists who look for causes of deviance. 
D)  persons who commit victimless crimes. 
A)  persons who are labeled as deviants. 
B)  those who promote their own moral ideas about who should be labeled deviant. 
C)  social scientists who look for causes of deviance. 
D)  persons who commit victimless crimes.

Question 19

Conflict theorists and structural-functionalists agree that members of the lower social classes are the most likely to engage in criminal behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following examples is NOT an innovative adaptation to situations of strain?

Accepted Answer

A)  athletic achievement through the use of steroids 
B)  joining the mafia to get rich 
C)  cheating on exams to get a better grade 
D)  getting a free handout by dropping out and drifting from one city mission to the next 
A)  athletic achievement through the use of steroids 
B)  joining the mafia to get rich 
C)  cheating on exams to get a better grade 
D)  getting a free handout by dropping out and drifting from one city mission to the next

Differences in crime rates between members of minority groups and nonminorities are more apparent than actual.This means that:

The decisions made by police officers:

Formal sanctions are LEAST likely to produce conformity when:

New research shows that the __________ is at least as important as race of the defendant in determining who receives the death penalty.

Your text suggests that we need to be cautious when generalizing about crime and the larger population of criminals based on UCR statistics because:

the strongest social explanation for sex differentials in crime rates is that:

According to strain theory,the solution to deviance is to:

Define false enforcement and give an example of how it reinforces unpopular norms.

Race differences in arrest rates are due mainly to:

About what percentage of prison inmates are African American males?

The text reports that a leading sociologist recommends addressing crime in the United States by:

Which of the following statements is NOT part of the conflict theory of deviance?

Labeling theory is concerned with the process by which:

When rules are not supported by group values,it is difficult for even formal agencies to enforce compliance.

Define white-collar crime. What are its costs and why does it receive so little attention relative to street crime?

Briefly outline the four types of strain deviance identified by Merton and give an example of each.

Sociological theories of deviance tend to emphasize that the reasons for deviance:

The concept of "moral entrepreneur" refers to:

Conflict theorists and structural-functionalists agree that members of the lower social classes are the most likely to engage in criminal behavior.

Which of the following examples is NOT an innovative adaptation to situations of strain?

The Study of Society

Culture

Socialization

Social Structure and Social Interaction

Groups, Networks, and Organizations

Stratification

Racial and Ethnic Inequality

Sex,Gender,and Sexuality

Health and Health Care

Family

Education and Religion

Politics and the Economy

Population and Urbanization

Social Change

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Exam 6: Deviance, Crime, and Social Control

Differences in crime rates between members of minority groups and nonminorities are more apparent than actual.This means that:

The decisions made by police officers:

Formal sanctions are LEAST likely to produce conformity when:

New research shows that the __________ is at least as important as race of the defendant in determining who receives the death penalty.

Your text suggests that we need to be cautious when generalizing about crime and the larger population of criminals based on UCR statistics because:

the strongest social explanation for sex differentials in crime rates is that:

According to strain theory,the solution to deviance is to:

Define false enforcement and give an example of how it reinforces unpopular norms.

Race differences in arrest rates are due mainly to:

About what percentage of prison inmates are African American males?

The text reports that a leading sociologist recommends addressing crime in the United States by:

Which of the following statements is NOT part of the conflict theory of deviance?

Labeling theory is concerned with the process by which:

When rules are not supported by group values,it is difficult for even formal agencies to enforce compliance.

Define white-collar crime. What are its costs and why does it receive so little attention relative to street crime?

Briefly outline the four types of strain deviance identified by Merton and give an example of each.

Sociological theories of deviance tend to emphasize that the reasons for deviance:

The concept of "moral entrepreneur" refers to:

Conflict theorists and structural-functionalists agree that members of the lower social classes are the most likely to engage in criminal behavior.

Which of the following examples is NOT an innovative adaptation to situations of strain?

The Study of Society

Culture

Socialization

Social Structure and Social Interaction

Groups, Networks, and Organizations

Stratification

Racial and Ethnic Inequality

Sex,Gender,and Sexuality

Health and Health Care

Family

Education and Religion

Politics and the Economy

Population and Urbanization

Social Change

Filters