Question 1

If the correlation between two variables is zero,

Accepted Answer

A) higher scores on one are associated with higher scores on the other. 
B) they are perfectly related. 
C) there is no relationship between them. 
D) they are inversely related. 
A) higher scores on one are associated with higher scores on the other. 
B) they are perfectly related. 
C) there is no relationship between them. 
D) they are inversely related.

Question 2

A research team found that men who did not exercise had a higher rate of heart disease.Which of the following explanations best illustrates the third-variable problem?

Accepted Answer

A) Heart disease might make it more difficult for men to exercise. 
B) The relationship between exercise and heart disease might not be causal. 
C) Including men who smoke in the study might erase the relationship between exercise and heart disease. 
D) Smoking might cause both heart disease and reluctance to exercise. 
A) Heart disease might make it more difficult for men to exercise. 
B) The relationship between exercise and heart disease might not be causal. 
C) Including men who smoke in the study might erase the relationship between exercise and heart disease. 
D) Smoking might cause both heart disease and reluctance to exercise.

Question 3

Professor Jones has observed a correlation between students sitting in the front of the room and getting better grades in her classes.In order to conduct an "experiment" on this,Professor Jones could

Accepted Answer

A) collect data on student study habits. 
B) assign students randomly to seats. 
C) adjust her data for overall grade point average. 
D) obtain similar data from other professors and classes. 
A) collect data on student study habits. 
B) assign students randomly to seats. 
C) adjust her data for overall grade point average. 
D) obtain similar data from other professors and classes.

Question 4

Chris is suffering from a migraine headache.His mother gives him a small white pill to take and tells him that it is a new medication specifically for migraines.After taking the pill,Chris reports feeling a bit better.The pill was actually just a breath mint.This phenomenon is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) misdirection. 
B) malingering. 
C) the placebo effect. 
D) the hopefulness principle. 
A) misdirection. 
B) malingering. 
C) the placebo effect. 
D) the hopefulness principle.

Question 5

Dr.Samuelson finds that the relation between level of hopelessness and suicide is .35,and there is a less than 5 in 100 probability that this was found by chance alone.What would be concluded about this correlation?

Accepted Answer

A) It demonstrates that suicide attempts cause hopelessness. 
B) It is statistically significant. 
C) It is unreliable. 
D) It is valid. 
A) It demonstrates that suicide attempts cause hopelessness. 
B) It is statistically significant. 
C) It is unreliable. 
D) It is valid.

Question 6

Dr.Fiedler found that people with schizophrenia are more likely to have lower socioeconomic status than those who do not have schizophrenia.What can you conclude from this study?

Accepted Answer

A) Poverty is a cause of schizophrenia. 
B) Schizophrenia leads to poverty. 
C) Economic reform would reduce the incidence of schizophrenia. 
D) Schizophrenia and poverty are related. 
A) Poverty is a cause of schizophrenia. 
B) Schizophrenia leads to poverty. 
C) Economic reform would reduce the incidence of schizophrenia. 
D) Schizophrenia and poverty are related.

Question 7

A group of researchers identify and study children who are considered more likely to develop anxiety disorders in adulthood.This method is

Accepted Answer

A) the genetic proband method. 
B) the high-risk method. 
C) the known-risk method. 
D) the cross sectional method. 
A) the genetic proband method. 
B) the high-risk method. 
C) the known-risk method. 
D) the cross sectional method.

Question 8

Statistical significance in research suggests the results are

Accepted Answer

A) internally valid. 
B) externally valid. 
C) not affected by experimenter bias. 
D) not due to chance. 
A) internally valid. 
B) externally valid. 
C) not affected by experimenter bias. 
D) not due to chance.

Question 9

Incidence refers to

Accepted Answer

A) the likelihood that a disorder will be found in another culture. 
B) the number of people who develop new cases of the disorder in a given time period. 
C) the proportion of a population that has a disorder now. 
D) the likelihood that a person will have a disorder given that they have a particular characteristic. 
A) the likelihood that a disorder will be found in another culture. 
B) the number of people who develop new cases of the disorder in a given time period. 
C) the proportion of a population that has a disorder now. 
D) the likelihood that a person will have a disorder given that they have a particular characteristic.

Question 10

A risk factor may be best defined as

Accepted Answer

A) the likelihood that a disorder will be found in another culture. 
B) the likelihood of contracting a disorder in a given time period. 
C) the proportion of a population that has a disorder now. 
D) a characteristic that increases the likelihood of developing a disorder. 
A) the likelihood that a disorder will be found in another culture. 
B) the likelihood of contracting a disorder in a given time period. 
C) the proportion of a population that has a disorder now. 
D) a characteristic that increases the likelihood of developing a disorder.

Question 11

Scientific theories should be evaluated according to which of the following two criteria?

Accepted Answer

A) reliability and bias 
B) realism and external validity 
C) testability and reliability 
D) internal validity and explanatory power 
A) reliability and bias 
B) realism and external validity 
C) testability and reliability 
D) internal validity and explanatory power

Question 12

In an experiment,the subjects in the control group do not receive the treatment found in the

Accepted Answer

A) third variable. 
B) independent variable. 
C) dependent variable. 
D) experimental effect. 
A) third variable. 
B) independent variable. 
C) dependent variable. 
D) experimental effect.

Question 13

In a single-subject ABAB design,ABAB refers to

Accepted Answer

A) repeatedly introducing and removing the treatment. 
B) repeatedly measuring different behaviors. 
C) the statistical procedure used to analyze the results. 
D) repeating the procedure with additional subjects. 
A) repeatedly introducing and removing the treatment. 
B) repeatedly measuring different behaviors. 
C) the statistical procedure used to analyze the results. 
D) repeating the procedure with additional subjects.

Question 14

In an experimental design,the control group is the group that

Accepted Answer

A) has the disorder in question. 
B) does not have the disorder in question. 
C) receives the experimental treatment. 
D) does not receive the experimental treatment. 
A) has the disorder in question. 
B) does not have the disorder in question. 
C) receives the experimental treatment. 
D) does not receive the experimental treatment.

Question 15

In the field of psychopathology,what is the most common use of the experiment?

Accepted Answer

A) evaluating the effects of therapies 
B) discovering the causes of disorders 
C) disconfirming the results of correlational studies 
D) identifying third variables 
A) evaluating the effects of therapies 
B) discovering the causes of disorders 
C) disconfirming the results of correlational studies 
D) identifying third variables

Question 16

Design an analogue experiment that could be conducted in order to learn more about an aspect of the human experience that could not be directly tested.Explain why an analogue experiment is necessary.Be sure to identify your independent and dependent variables and state your experimental hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

One possible analogue experiment that co

Question 17

Psychopathologists rely upon correlational research since

Accepted Answer

A) it is effective in determining cause and effect. 
B) many of the variables they wish to study cannot be manipulated. 
C) ethical considerations prevent them from doing case studies. 
D) they cannot measure all the constructs. 
A) it is effective in determining cause and effect. 
B) many of the variables they wish to study cannot be manipulated. 
C) ethical considerations prevent them from doing case studies. 
D) they cannot measure all the constructs.

Question 18

Epidemiological research can be helpful for

Accepted Answer

A) addressing third variable and directionality problems. 
B) determining the effectiveness of different treatments. 
C) planning for the health care needs of communities. 
D) intensive analysis of a disease in a single individual. 
A) addressing third variable and directionality problems. 
B) determining the effectiveness of different treatments. 
C) planning for the health care needs of communities. 
D) intensive analysis of a disease in a single individual.

Question 19

Dr.Lee has been treating someone with an unusual combination of symptoms.He notes that there is no published research on such a combination of symptoms,and considers developing a case study.How would Dr.Lee conduct this study?

Accepted Answer

A) Try to find other cases like the one he is treating. 
B) Gather detailed historical and biographical information on this single individual. 
C) Examine treatment response using an ABAB design. 
D) Withhold treatment in an effort to fully understand the significance of symptoms. 
A) Try to find other cases like the one he is treating. 
B) Gather detailed historical and biographical information on this single individual. 
C) Examine treatment response using an ABAB design. 
D) Withhold treatment in an effort to fully understand the significance of symptoms.

Question 20

"The primary problem is an unconscious anger toward his mother." What makes this statement unscientific?

Accepted Answer

A) It is not reliable. 
B) It does not make sense. 
C) It is not theoretical. 
D) It is not testable. 
A) It is not reliable. 
B) It does not make sense. 
C) It is not theoretical. 
D) It is not testable.

If the correlation between two variables is zero,

A research team found that men who did not exercise had a higher rate of heart disease.Which of the following explanations best illustrates the third-variable problem?

Professor Jones has observed a correlation between students sitting in the front of the room and getting better grades in her classes.In order to conduct an "experiment" on this,Professor Jones could

Chris is suffering from a migraine headache.His mother gives him a small white pill to take and tells him that it is a new medication specifically for migraines.After taking the pill,Chris reports feeling a bit better.The pill was actually just a breath mint.This phenomenon is an example of

Dr.Samuelson finds that the relation between level of hopelessness and suicide is .35,and there is a less than 5 in 100 probability that this was found by chance alone.What would be concluded about this correlation?

Dr.Fiedler found that people with schizophrenia are more likely to have lower socioeconomic status than those who do not have schizophrenia.What can you conclude from this study?

A group of researchers identify and study children who are considered more likely to develop anxiety disorders in adulthood.This method is

Statistical significance in research suggests the results are

Incidence refers to

A risk factor may be best defined as

Scientific theories should be evaluated according to which of the following two criteria?

In an experiment,the subjects in the control group do not receive the treatment found in the

In a single-subject ABAB design,ABAB refers to

In an experimental design,the control group is the group that

In the field of psychopathology,what is the most common use of the experiment?

Design an analogue experiment that could be conducted in order to learn more about an aspect of the human experience that could not be directly tested.Explain why an analogue experiment is necessary.Be sure to identify your independent and dependent variables and state your experimental hypothesis.

Psychopathologists rely upon correlational research since

Epidemiological research can be helpful for

Dr.Lee has been treating someone with an unusual combination of symptoms.He notes that there is no published research on such a combination of symptoms,and considers developing a case study.How would Dr.Lee conduct this study?

"The primary problem is an unconscious anger toward his mother." What makes this statement unscientific?

Introduction and Historical Overview

Current Paradigms in Psychopathology

Diagnosis and Assessment

Anxiety Disorders

Dissociative Disorders and Somatoform Disorders

Stress and Health

Mood Disorders

Eating Disorders

Substance-Related Disorders

Schizophrenia

Personality Disorders

Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders

Disorders of Childhood

Late Life and Psychological Disorders

Psychological Treatment

Legal and Ethical Issues

Filters

Exam 4: Research Methods in the Study of Psychopathology

If the correlation between two variables is zero,

A research team found that men who did not exercise had a higher rate of heart disease.Which of the following explanations best illustrates the third-variable problem?

Professor Jones has observed a correlation between students sitting in the front of the room and getting better grades in her classes.In order to conduct an "experiment" on this,Professor Jones could

Chris is suffering from a migraine headache.His mother gives him a small white pill to take and tells him that it is a new medication specifically for migraines.After taking the pill,Chris reports feeling a bit better.The pill was actually just a breath mint.This phenomenon is an example of

Dr.Samuelson finds that the relation between level of hopelessness and suicide is .35,and there is a less than 5 in 100 probability that this was found by chance alone.What would be concluded about this correlation?

Dr.Fiedler found that people with schizophrenia are more likely to have lower socioeconomic status than those who do not have schizophrenia.What can you conclude from this study?

A group of researchers identify and study children who are considered more likely to develop anxiety disorders in adulthood.This method is

Statistical significance in research suggests the results are

Incidence refers to

A risk factor may be best defined as

Scientific theories should be evaluated according to which of the following two criteria?

In an experiment,the subjects in the control group do not receive the treatment found in the

In a single-subject ABAB design,ABAB refers to

In an experimental design,the control group is the group that

In the field of psychopathology,what is the most common use of the experiment?

Design an analogue experiment that could be conducted in order to learn more about an aspect of the human experience that could not be directly tested.Explain why an analogue experiment is necessary.Be sure to identify your independent and dependent variables and state your experimental hypothesis.

Psychopathologists rely upon correlational research since

Epidemiological research can be helpful for

Dr.Lee has been treating someone with an unusual combination of symptoms.He notes that there is no published research on such a combination of symptoms,and considers developing a case study.How would Dr.Lee conduct this study?

"The primary problem is an unconscious anger toward his mother." What makes this statement unscientific?

Introduction and Historical Overview

Current Paradigms in Psychopathology

Diagnosis and Assessment

Anxiety Disorders

Dissociative Disorders and Somatoform Disorders

Stress and Health

Mood Disorders

Eating Disorders

Substance-Related Disorders

Schizophrenia

Personality Disorders

Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders

Disorders of Childhood

Late Life and Psychological Disorders

Psychological Treatment

Legal and Ethical Issues

Filters