Exam 9: Epidemiology

Case 2 The public health nurses (PHNs)are busy responding to seasonal influenza in a community of approximately 75 000 people.An assisted living facility has an increased number of influenza cases among the residents. (Refer to Case 2 above. )A nurse is doing an inservice with the housekeeping staff at the facility about the transmission of the influenza virus.Which is an example of indirect transmission via a fomite?

What statistic is used to answer the question,"How likely is it that I will die from this disease?"

What statement best describes a cohort study?

Who is believed to be the first person to notice and record the relationship between the environment and health?

What is an example of tertiary prevention of a communicable disease?

A nurse is concerned about a recent outbreak of measles in a group of migrant workers.How would the nurse explain the concept of incidence to a new staff member?

Which epidemiological model best allows a nurse to visualize the relationships between various determinants of health?

Case 1 A public health nurse (PHN)is explaining to a fourth-year nursing student how to use health statistics to understand population health. (Refer to Case 1 above. )The PHN asks the nursing student to develop some questions for a survey about smoking behaviour.Which question would be best at eliciting information on period prevalence?

A public health nurse has been contacted because 12 students living in a college dormitory are ill with bacterial meningitis.The cases have been confirmed to be caused by Neisseria meningitidis.Using the Venn diagram,describe the environmental characteristics in this scenario and the mode of transmission of this organism.

What term refers to "the study of the occurrence and distribution of health-related states or events in specified populations"?

What is the purpose of epidemiology?

A nurse in a large urban centre is working to provide prophylactic agents to exposed vulnerable hosts.What action is the best example of this goal?

Calculate the odds ratio of developing colorectal cancer related to a low-fibre diet from the following example.Write a statement that would explain your results to a client. Study group = 300 Risk factor = low-fibre diet Disease = colorectal cancer a)persons with low-fibre diet and colorectal cancer = 100 b)persons with high-fibre diet and colorectal cancer = 20 Total persons with colorectal cancer = 120 c)person with low-fibre diet and no colorectal cancer = 20 d)persons with high-fibre diet and no colorectal cancer = 160 Total persons without colorectal cancer = 180

What type of research design was used in the Framingham Heart Study?

What agency in Canada is responsible for gathering surveillance data on reportable diseases?

Case 1 A public health nurse (PHN)is explaining to a fourth-year nursing student how to use health statistics to understand population health. (Refer to Case 1 above. )The nursing student wants to administer a survey about smoking behaviours to students in various grade levels within the school district to identify the best grade to initiate health education.A follow-up survey will be administered to assess the effectiveness of the educational program.What type of research design would be best at providing the epidemiological information needed in this scenario?

A nurse is working with the school-aged population during the prepathogenesis period.What primary prevention activity would promote the health of this population?

Identify four criteria that researchers and practitioners use to assess a causal relationship between a stimulus and the occurrence of a disease.

A nurse wants to know the current rate of human papilloma virus (HPV)infection in women aged 25 years as indicated by abnormal Pap smears.Which type of research design would be best to answer this question?

A nurse is working with a student nurse and explains that 12% of deaths were from colorectal cancer in 2010.What word is used to describe this type of statistical information?