Question 1

The concept of groupthink suggests that the __________ the decision making affect(s)the outcome.

Accepted Answer

A) individuals involved in 
B) timing of 
C) structural context of 
D) information available for 
A) individuals involved in 
B) timing of 
C) structural context of 
D) information available for C

Question 2

Which model of decision making consists of negotiations between bureaucratic agencies with divergent interests?

Accepted Answer

A) rational 
B) organizational process 
C) risk aversion 
D) government bargaining 
A) rational 
B) organizational process 
C) risk aversion 
D) government bargaining D

Question 3

Public support for involvement in a war __________.

Accepted Answer

A) typically starts low and increases over the long run 
B) typically starts high and decreases over the long run 
C) typically starts high and continues to remain high 
D) typically does not affect the popularity ratings of a country's leader 
A) typically starts low and increases over the long run 
B) typically starts high and decreases over the long run 
C) typically starts high and continues to remain high 
D) typically does not affect the popularity ratings of a country's leader B

Question 4

With respect to the role of bureaucratic agencies in foreign policy making,__________.

Accepted Answer

A) the various agencies of a state are generally in agreement on the foreign policies to be pursued 
B) the various agencies of a state always take the same side on an issue (e.g. ,defense ministries always favor military strength) 
C) bargaining among agencies suggests that a state does not have a single national interest 
D) representatives of agencies promote only the interests of their own bureaucracy 
A) the various agencies of a state are generally in agreement on the foreign policies to be pursued 
B) the various agencies of a state always take the same side on an issue (e.g. ,defense ministries always favor military strength) 
C) bargaining among agencies suggests that a state does not have a single national interest 
D) representatives of agencies promote only the interests of their own bureaucracy

Question 5

Cognitive balance,or the maintenance of a logically consistent mental model of the world,can be achieved through __________.

Accepted Answer

A) wishful thinking 
B) mirror imaging 
C) affective bias 
D) projection 
A) wishful thinking 
B) mirror imaging 
C) affective bias 
D) projection

Question 6

The study of foreign policy in various states in order to discover whether similar types of governments have similar types of policies is known as __________.

Accepted Answer

A) foreign policy studies 
B) the foreign policy process 
C) comparative foreign policy 
D) governmental policy studies 
A) foreign policy studies 
B) the foreign policy process 
C) comparative foreign policy 
D) governmental policy studies

Question 7

When students exhibit a tendency not to challenge a professor's arguments because they assume he or she is an expert and knows better,it could be an example of __________.

Accepted Answer

A) affective bias 
B) selective perception 
C) cognitive bias 
D) groupthink 
A) affective bias 
B) selective perception 
C) cognitive bias 
D) groupthink

Question 8

When applying __________,the decision maker asks whether he or she can do better than a given reference point,but the value placed on outcomes depends on how far from the reference point they are.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When applying __________,the decision maker asks whether...

Question 9

Governments survive by relying on __________.

Accepted Answer

A) legitimacy 
B) force 
C) persuasion 
D) bribes 
A) legitimacy 
B) force 
C) persuasion 
D) bribes

Question 10

Information is often screened out as it passes from one person to another in the decision-making process.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

What aspect of a democracy makes the justification of effort especially prevalent?

Accepted Answer

A) Many actors exist to keep track of decisions made. 
B) Democracies allow for the secrecy of the government. 
C) Voters face an overabundance of information. 
D) Politicians are judged by the electorate. 
A) Many actors exist to keep track of decisions made. 
B) Democracies allow for the secrecy of the government. 
C) Voters face an overabundance of information. 
D) Politicians are judged by the electorate.

Question 12

The military-industrial complex consists of __________.

Accepted Answer

A) governmental agencies,industrial corporations,and research institutes 
B) the military,Congress,and the executive branch 
C) defense contractors,lobbyists,and research institutes 
D) the executive branch,Congress,and the judiciary 
A) governmental agencies,industrial corporations,and research institutes 
B) the military,Congress,and the executive branch 
C) defense contractors,lobbyists,and research institutes 
D) the executive branch,Congress,and the judiciary

Question 13

Former U.S.Defense Secretary William Cohen's statement,"The unrelenting flow of information,the need to digest it on a minute-by-minute basis,is quite different from anything I've experienced before....There's little time for contemplation;most of it is action," is representative of prospect theory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

One of the state characteristics that comparative foreign policy studies focus on is __________.

Accepted Answer

A) bureaucratic rivalries 
B) location 
C) wealth 
D) technical abilities 
A) bureaucratic rivalries 
B) location 
C) wealth 
D) technical abilities

Question 15

When British Prime Minister Chamberlain signed the nonaggression pact with Hitler in Munich in 1938,he did not want to see the clear signs of Hitler's aggression and chose to appease him instead.Some scholars argue this was due to Chamberlain's not wanting to lead Britain into a major war.If true,this would best illustrate __________.

Accepted Answer

A) justification of effort 
B) information screens 
C) cognitive bias 
D) affective bias 
A) justification of effort 
B) information screens 
C) cognitive bias 
D) affective bias

Question 16

Which reason might explain the small size of the attentive public in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A) lack of access to information 
B) American isolationism 
C) American educational system 
D) lack of a direct connection with foreign policy issues 
A) lack of access to information 
B) American isolationism 
C) American educational system 
D) lack of a direct connection with foreign policy issues

Question 17

When two sides in a conflict maintain very similar enemy images of each other,it is known as a(n)__________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When two sides in a conflict maintain...

Question 18

"Rally 'round the flag" syndrome is exemplified by the sharp rise in public approval ratings received by President Bush due to the commencing of war.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Diversionary foreign policy is __________.

Accepted Answer

A) trying to confuse an adversary by sending mixed policy signals 
B) adopting a foreign policy to distract public attention from domestic issues 
C) trying to influence elite opinions,which will,in turn,influence mass opinion 
D) lobbying foreign governments to change their foreign policy 
A) trying to confuse an adversary by sending mixed policy signals 
B) adopting a foreign policy to distract public attention from domestic issues 
C) trying to influence elite opinions,which will,in turn,influence mass opinion 
D) lobbying foreign governments to change their foreign policy

Question 20

The military-industrial complex predicts that close relationships between __________,the military,and __________ will encourage spending on weapons systems regardless of strategic or military effectiveness.

Accepted Answer

A) the president,lobbyists 
B) protesters,the media 
C) defense contractors,Congress 
D) the state department,intelligence agencies 
A) the president,lobbyists 
B) protesters,the media 
C) defense contractors,Congress 
D) the state department,intelligence agencies

The concept of groupthink suggests that the __________ the decision making affect(s)the outcome.

Which model of decision making consists of negotiations between bureaucratic agencies with divergent interests?

Public support for involvement in a war __________.

With respect to the role of bureaucratic agencies in foreign policy making,__________.

Cognitive balance,or the maintenance of a logically consistent mental model of the world,can be achieved through __________.

The study of foreign policy in various states in order to discover whether similar types of governments have similar types of policies is known as __________.

When students exhibit a tendency not to challenge a professor's arguments because they assume he or she is an expert and knows better,it could be an example of __________.

When applying __________,the decision maker asks whether he or she can do better than a given reference point,but the value placed on outcomes depends on how far from the reference point they are.

Governments survive by relying on __________.

Information is often screened out as it passes from one person to another in the decision-making process.

What aspect of a democracy makes the justification of effort especially prevalent?

The military-industrial complex consists of __________.

Former U.S.Defense Secretary William Cohen's statement,"The unrelenting flow of information,the need to digest it on a minute-by-minute basis,is quite different from anything I've experienced before....There's little time for contemplation;most of it is action," is representative of prospect theory.

One of the state characteristics that comparative foreign policy studies focus on is __________.

Which reason might explain the small size of the attentive public in the United States?

When two sides in a conflict maintain very similar enemy images of each other,it is known as a(n)__________.

"Rally 'round the flag" syndrome is exemplified by the sharp rise in public approval ratings received by President Bush due to the commencing of war.

Diversionary foreign policy is __________.

The military-industrial complex predicts that close relationships between ,the military,and will encourage spending on weapons systems regardless of strategic or military effectiveness.

The Globalization of International Relations

Realist Theories

Liberal and Social Theories

International Conflict

Military Force and Terrorism

International Organization, Law, and Human Rights

International Trade

Global Finance and Business

International Integration

Environment and Population

The North-South Gap

International Development

Filters

Exam 4: Foreign Policy

The concept of groupthink suggests that the __________ the decision making affect(s)the outcome.

Which model of decision making consists of negotiations between bureaucratic agencies with divergent interests?

Public support for involvement in a war __________.

With respect to the role of bureaucratic agencies in foreign policy making,__________.

Cognitive balance,or the maintenance of a logically consistent mental model of the world,can be achieved through __________.

The study of foreign policy in various states in order to discover whether similar types of governments have similar types of policies is known as __________.

When students exhibit a tendency not to challenge a professor's arguments because they assume he or she is an expert and knows better,it could be an example of __________.

When applying __________,the decision maker asks whether he or she can do better than a given reference point,but the value placed on outcomes depends on how far from the reference point they are.

Governments survive by relying on __________.

Information is often screened out as it passes from one person to another in the decision-making process.

What aspect of a democracy makes the justification of effort especially prevalent?

The military-industrial complex consists of __________.

One of the state characteristics that comparative foreign policy studies focus on is __________.

Which reason might explain the small size of the attentive public in the United States?

When two sides in a conflict maintain very similar enemy images of each other,it is known as a(n)__________.

"Rally 'round the flag" syndrome is exemplified by the sharp rise in public approval ratings received by President Bush due to the commencing of war.

Diversionary foreign policy is __________.

The military-industrial complex predicts that close relationships between __________,the military,and __________ will encourage spending on weapons systems regardless of strategic or military effectiveness.

The Globalization of International Relations

Realist Theories

Liberal and Social Theories

International Conflict

Military Force and Terrorism

International Organization, Law, and Human Rights

International Trade

Global Finance and Business

International Integration

Environment and Population

The North-South Gap

International Development

Filters

The military-industrial complex predicts that close relationships between ,the military,and will encourage spending on weapons systems regardless of strategic or military effectiveness.