Exam 13: Introduction to Classes

One purpose that constructor functions are often used for is to allocate memory that will be needed by the object.

What is the output of the following program? #include <iostream> using namespace std; class TestClass { $\quad$ public: $\quad$$\quad$ TestClass(int x) $\quad$$\quad$ { cout << x << endl; } $\quad$$\quad$ TestClass() $\quad$$\quad$ { cout << "Hello!" << endl; } }; int main() { $\quad$ TestClass test; $\quad$ return 0; }

If you do not declare an access specification, the default for members of a class is

Assuming that Rectangle is a class name, the statement Rectangle *BoxPtr;

This is used to protect important data.

Whereas object-oriented programming centers around the object, procedural programming centers around functions.

This type of member function may be called only from a function that is a member of the same class.

What is the output of the following program? #include <iostream> using namespace std; class TestClass { $\quad$ private: $\quad$$\quad$ int val; $\quad$$\quad$ void showVal() $\quad$$\quad$ { cout << val << endl; } $\quad$ public: $\quad$$\quad$ TestClass(int x) $\quad$$\quad$ { val = x; } }; int main() { $\quad$ TestClass test(77); $\quad$ test.showVal(); $\quad$ return 0; }

When an object is defined without an argument list for its constructor, the compiler automatically calls the object's default constructor.

When you dereference an object pointer, use the

A class may have this many default constructor(s).

A C++ class is similar to one of these.

You must declare all data members of a class before you declare member functions.

The constructor function may not accept arguments.

If a local variable and a global variable have the same name within the same program, the _______ resolution operator must be used.

This directive is used to create an "include guard," which allows a program to be conditionally compiled. This prevents a header file from accidentally being included more than once.

If you do not declare a destructor function, the compiler will furnish one automatically.

This type of member function may be called from a statement outside the class.

When a member function is defined outside of the class declaration, the function name must be qualified with the:

This is automatically called when an object is destroyed.