Question 1

Labeling theory stresses that some actions are always wrong and others are always right.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Emile Durkheim's analysis suggests it would be impossible for a society to completely eliminate deviance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Corporate crime refers to stealing or other crimes that are committed against a corporation or other large business.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The oldest justification for punishing an offender is

Accepted Answer

A) deterrence. 
B) retribution. 
C) social protection. 
D) rehabilitation. 
A) deterrence. 
B) retribution. 
C) social protection. 
D) rehabilitation.

Question 5

The "medicalization of deviance" idea points to the fact that most crimes are committed by people who are under the influence of an illegal drug.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Albert Cohen suggested that lower-class youths form a delinquent subculture to gain the self-respect that society denies them.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Crime committed by persons of high social position during the course of their occupations is called

Accepted Answer

A) victimless crime. 
B) white-collar crime. 
C) organized crime. 
D) street crime. 
A) victimless crime. 
B) white-collar crime. 
C) organized crime. 
D) street crime.

Question 8

In terms of racial categories,most of the people in the United States arrested for FBI Index crimes are

Accepted Answer

A) white. 
B) African American. 
C) people of mixed race. 
D) of Hispanic ancestry. 
A) white. 
B) African American. 
C) people of mixed race. 
D) of Hispanic ancestry.

Question 9

What concept did Erving Goffman use to refer to a powerful and negative label that greatly changes a person's self-concept and social identity?

Accepted Answer

A) a deviant ritual 
B) a degradation ceremony 
C) a secondary identity 
D) stigma 
A) a deviant ritual 
B) a degradation ceremony 
C) a secondary identity 
D) stigma

Question 10

Organized crime refers to

Accepted Answer

A) illegal actions by people with white-collar jobs. 
B) illegal actions on the part of a corporation or large business. 
C) crime involving the cooperation of two or more businesses. 
D) any business that supplies illegal goods or services. 
A) illegal actions by people with white-collar jobs. 
B) illegal actions on the part of a corporation or large business. 
C) crime involving the cooperation of two or more businesses. 
D) any business that supplies illegal goods or services.

Question 11

Because there are several hundred people in the United States for every police officer,police

Accepted Answer

A) ignore most crimes they learn about. 
B) work,on average,many more hours than other workers. 
C) cannot take time to ensure due process for most suspects. 
D) use discretion in deciding which situations warrant their attention. 
A) ignore most crimes they learn about. 
B) work,on average,many more hours than other workers. 
C) cannot take time to ensure due process for most suspects. 
D) use discretion in deciding which situations warrant their attention.

Question 12

A judge sentences a young man who has committed several crimes to counseling and places him in a supportive foster home.These efforts to prevent further wrongdoing are called

Accepted Answer

A) retribution. 
B) deterrence. 
C) social protection. 
D) rehabilitation. 
A) retribution. 
B) deterrence. 
C) social protection. 
D) rehabilitation.

Question 13

The concept criminal recidivism refers to

Accepted Answer

A) young people growing up in a criminal environment. 
B) efforts by police to enlist help from people in a local community. 
C) later offenses by people previously convicted of crimes. 
D) the idea that crime does "pay." 
A) young people growing up in a criminal environment. 
B) efforts by police to enlist help from people in a local community. 
C) later offenses by people previously convicted of crimes. 
D) the idea that crime does "pay."

Question 14

Of all the property crimes discussed in thChapter ,one occurs far more than all the others.Which one is it?

Accepted Answer

A) motor-vehicle theft 
B) larceny-theft 
C) robbery 
D) forcible rape 
A) motor-vehicle theft 
B) larceny-theft 
C) robbery 
D) forcible rape

Question 15

One of the social foundations of deviance is that

Accepted Answer

A) deviance exists only in relation to cultural norms. 
B) there are many acts that are always deviant everywhere. 
C) people are born deviant. 
D) social power has little to do with what norms are and how people apply them. 
A) deviance exists only in relation to cultural norms. 
B) there are many acts that are always deviant everywhere. 
C) people are born deviant. 
D) social power has little to do with what norms are and how people apply them.

Question 16

Women commit

Accepted Answer

A) far more crimes than men. 
B) far fewer crimes than men. 
C) the same number of crimes as men. 
D) more property crimes than men,but men commit more violent crimes. 
A) far more crimes than men. 
B) far fewer crimes than men. 
C) the same number of crimes as men. 
D) more property crimes than men,but men commit more violent crimes.

Question 17

In legal terms,a crime is composed of

Accepted Answer

A) the act and criminal intent. 
B) a criminal and a victim. 
C) the act and the social harm. 
D) the law and the violation. 
A) the act and criminal intent. 
B) a criminal and a victim. 
C) the act and the social harm. 
D) the law and the violation.

Question 18

The concept of due process refers to

Accepted Answer

A) the criminal justice system operating within the bounds of the law. 
B) the idea that people get what they deserve. 
C) the process of plea bargaining. 
D) the obligation of all citizens to report crime. 
A) the criminal justice system operating within the bounds of the law. 
B) the idea that people get what they deserve. 
C) the process of plea bargaining. 
D) the obligation of all citizens to report crime.

Question 19

Every person charged with a crime in the United States is sentenced after receiving a trial by jury.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

In his study of New England's Puritans,Kai Erikson concluded that

Accepted Answer

A) people everywhere define mostly the same things as deviant. 
B) very religious people create very little deviance. 
C) even this disciplined and highly religious group created deviance to clarify the moral boundaries of their community. 
D) the proportion of people in the population that the Puritans defined as deviant kept rising over time. 
A) people everywhere define mostly the same things as deviant. 
B) very religious people create very little deviance. 
C) even this disciplined and highly religious group created deviance to clarify the moral boundaries of their community. 
D) the proportion of people in the population that the Puritans defined as deviant kept rising over time.

Exam 9: Deviance

Labeling theory stresses that some actions are always wrong and others are always right.

Emile Durkheim's analysis suggests it would be impossible for a society to completely eliminate deviance.

Corporate crime refers to stealing or other crimes that are committed against a corporation or other large business.

The oldest justification for punishing an offender is

The "medicalization of deviance" idea points to the fact that most crimes are committed by people who are under the influence of an illegal drug.

Albert Cohen suggested that lower-class youths form a delinquent subculture to gain the self-respect that society denies them.

Crime committed by persons of high social position during the course of their occupations is called

In terms of racial categories,most of the people in the United States arrested for FBI Index crimes are

What concept did Erving Goffman use to refer to a powerful and negative label that greatly changes a person's self-concept and social identity?

Organized crime refers to

Because there are several hundred people in the United States for every police officer,police

A judge sentences a young man who has committed several crimes to counseling and places him in a supportive foster home.These efforts to prevent further wrongdoing are called

The concept criminal recidivism refers to

Of all the property crimes discussed in thChapter ,one occurs far more than all the others.Which one is it?

One of the social foundations of deviance is that

Women commit

In legal terms,a crime is composed of

The concept of due process refers to

Every person charged with a crime in the United States is sentenced after receiving a trial by jury.

In his study of New England's Puritans,Kai Erikson concluded that

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