Question 1

Based on what you have read in thiChapter ,how would sociologists explain the fact that many young people in the United States experience adolescence as a time of confusion?

Accepted Answer

A) There are cultural inconsistencies in the definition of this stage of life as partly childlike and partly adultlike. 
B) Hormones greatly affect young people as they mature. 
C) Growth always involves change and change is confusing. 
D) Parents are no longer providing proper guidance to young people. 
A) There are cultural inconsistencies in the definition of this stage of life as partly childlike and partly adultlike. 
B) Hormones greatly affect young people as they mature. 
C) Growth always involves change and change is confusing. 
D) Parents are no longer providing proper guidance to young people.

Question 2

Psychologist John B.Watson claimed that specific patterns of human behavior are not instinctive,but learned.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Applying Freud's thinking to a sociological analysis of personality development,you would conclude that

Accepted Answer

A) human behavior is basically random. 
B) humans have basic,self-centered drives that must be controlled by learning the ways of society. 
C) societies encourage people to become self-centered. 
D) humans can never become cultural creatures. 
A) human behavior is basically random. 
B) humans have basic,self-centered drives that must be controlled by learning the ways of society. 
C) societies encourage people to become self-centered. 
D) humans can never become cultural creatures.

Question 4

According to Mead,children learn to take the role of the other as they model themselves on important people in their lives,such as parents.Mead referred to these people as

Accepted Answer

A) role models. 
B) looking-glass models. 
C) significant others. 
D) the generalized other. 
A) role models. 
B) looking-glass models. 
C) significant others. 
D) the generalized other.

Question 5

In the United States,old age is generally thought to begin at about the age of sixty-five.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Mead's concepts of the "I" and the "me" are close parallels of Freud's concepts of the id and the superego.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Anti-elderly bias in the United States will probably decrease as the percentage of older people rises.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Even years of social isolation during infancy in humans does not cause permanent and irreversible developmental damage.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The Harlow studies found that six months of social isolation was sufficient to permanently damage infant rhesus monkeys.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Mead would agree that

Accepted Answer

A) socialization ends with the development of self in childhood. 
B) if you won $100 million in a lottery,your self might change. 
C) people are puppets with little control over their lives. 
D) human behavior reflects both nature and nurture. 
A) socialization ends with the development of self in childhood. 
B) if you won $100 million in a lottery,your self might change. 
C) people are puppets with little control over their lives. 
D) human behavior reflects both nature and nurture.

Question 11

Mead placed the origin of the self in

Accepted Answer

A) biological drives. 
B) culture. 
C) social experience. 
D) the functioning of the brain. 
A) biological drives. 
B) culture. 
C) social experience. 
D) the functioning of the brain.

Question 12

On average,a U.S.household has at least one television turned on for how many hours a day?

Accepted Answer

A) two 
B) five 
C) eight 
D) fifteen 
A) two 
B) five 
C) eight 
D) fifteen

Question 13

The special importance of the peer group is the fact that it

Accepted Answer

A) has a greater effect than parents on children's long-term goals. 
B) lets children escape the direct supervision of parents. 
C) gives children experience in an impersonal setting. 
D) halts the socialization process for a brief period. 
A) has a greater effect than parents on children's long-term goals. 
B) lets children escape the direct supervision of parents. 
C) gives children experience in an impersonal setting. 
D) halts the socialization process for a brief period.

Question 14

Carol Gilligan's work on the issue of self-esteem in girls showed that

Accepted Answer

A) girls begin with low self-esteem,but it gradually increases as they progress through adolescence. 
B) at all ages,girls have higher self-esteem than boys. 
C) at all ages,boys have higher self-esteem than girls. 
D) girls begin with high levels of self-esteem,which gradually decrease as they go through adolescence. 
A) girls begin with low self-esteem,but it gradually increases as they progress through adolescence. 
B) at all ages,girls have higher self-esteem than boys. 
C) at all ages,boys have higher self-esteem than girls. 
D) girls begin with high levels of self-esteem,which gradually decrease as they go through adolescence.

Question 15

According to Carol Gilligan,the self-esteem of girls increases steadily through the teenage years.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The focus of Lawrence Kohlberg's research was

Accepted Answer

A) cognition. 
B) the importance of gender in socialization. 
C) moral reasoning. 
D) psychoanalysis. 
A) cognition. 
B) the importance of gender in socialization. 
C) moral reasoning. 
D) psychoanalysis.

Question 17

Communities differ in terms of the racial composition of the population.In which of the following regions of the United States is there a relatively high number of people who claim to be multiracial?

Accepted Answer

A) the Southwest,including Arizona and southern California 
B) the Plains States,including North Dakota and South Dakota 
C) the New England states of Maine and New Hampshire 
D) the Rocky Mountain states of Montana and Wyoming 
A) the Southwest,including Arizona and southern California 
B) the Plains States,including North Dakota and South Dakota 
C) the New England states of Maine and New Hampshire 
D) the Rocky Mountain states of Montana and Wyoming

Question 18

George Herbert Mead used the concept "the looking-glass self" to refer to significant people in our lives.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

George Herbert Mead considered the self to be

Accepted Answer

A) the part of an individual's personality that is composed of self-awareness and self-image. 
B) the presence of culture within the individual. 
C) basic drives that are self-centered. 
D) present in infants at the time of their birth. 
A) the part of an individual's personality that is composed of self-awareness and self-image. 
B) the presence of culture within the individual. 
C) basic drives that are self-centered. 
D) present in infants at the time of their birth.

Question 20

The "id" in Freud's work represents the human being's basic drives,which are unconscious and demand immediate satisfaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 5: Socialization

Based on what you have read in thiChapter ,how would sociologists explain the fact that many young people in the United States experience adolescence as a time of confusion?

Psychologist John B.Watson claimed that specific patterns of human behavior are not instinctive,but learned.

Applying Freud's thinking to a sociological analysis of personality development,you would conclude that

According to Mead,children learn to take the role of the other as they model themselves on important people in their lives,such as parents.Mead referred to these people as

In the United States,old age is generally thought to begin at about the age of sixty-five.

Mead's concepts of the "I" and the "me" are close parallels of Freud's concepts of the id and the superego.

Anti-elderly bias in the United States will probably decrease as the percentage of older people rises.

Even years of social isolation during infancy in humans does not cause permanent and irreversible developmental damage.

The Harlow studies found that six months of social isolation was sufficient to permanently damage infant rhesus monkeys.

Mead would agree that

Mead placed the origin of the self in

On average,a U.S.household has at least one television turned on for how many hours a day?

The special importance of the peer group is the fact that it

Carol Gilligan's work on the issue of self-esteem in girls showed that

According to Carol Gilligan,the self-esteem of girls increases steadily through the teenage years.

The focus of Lawrence Kohlberg's research was

Communities differ in terms of the racial composition of the population.In which of the following regions of the United States is there a relatively high number of people who claim to be multiracial?

George Herbert Mead used the concept "the looking-glass self" to refer to significant people in our lives.

George Herbert Mead considered the self to be

The "id" in Freud's work represents the human being's basic drives,which are unconscious and demand immediate satisfaction.

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